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牛津实用英语语法
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家对句子都再熟悉不过了吧,句子是由词或词组构成的语言基本运用单位。句子的类型多样,你所见过的句子是什么样的呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的牛津实用英语语法,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
牛津实用英语语法 1
A想对 I employed someone to do something for me(我雇用了某人为我做事)这一类句子作更简洁的表达时,可以用这种结构:即不说 I employed someone to clean my car,而说 I had my car cleaned(我叫人擦了车子)。又如不说 I got a man to sweep my chimneys(这里got= paid/persuaded等),而说I had my chimneys swept(我叫人通了烟囱)。
注意必须用have+宾语+过去分词,否则意思就变了:
He had his hair cut.
他理了发。相当于:
He employed someone to do it.
他雇人理发。
但是:
He had cut his hair.(过去完成时)
他自己理了发。(在说话之前的某个时刻他自己给自己理了发)
have这样用时,其否定式和疑问式的'现在时和过去时都要用
do来构成:
-Do you have your windows cleaned evny month?
-I don’t have them cleaned;I clean them myself.
-你每月都要叫人擦窗户吗?
-我不叫别人擦,我自己擦。
He was talking about having central heating put in.Did he have it put in in the end?
他那会儿总说要找人装暖气。到底装上了没有?
这种结构可以用于进行时态:
I can’t ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment.
这一周我不能请你来吃饭了,因为现在我正让人刷房子呢。
While I was having my hair done the police towed away my car.
我(让人)做头发时,警察把我的汽车拖走了。
The house is too small and he is having a room built on.
房子太小了,他正叫人添盖一个房间。
get能够像have一样用于上述句中,但更口语化。句中提到完成动作的那个人的时候,也可以用get:
She got him to dig away the snow.
她让他把雪挖走。
牛津实用英语语法 2
A such是形容词,用于形容词+名词结构之前:
They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house.
他们有一条如此凶猛的狗,以致没人敢靠近他们家。
He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep.
他说了这么长时间,以致在座的人都犯困了。
B so是副词,用于副词和不带名词的形容词之前:
The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered up.
雪下得这么快,以致我们的.脚印很快就被雪盖住了。
His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep.
他的讲话这么长,以致在座的人都开始犯困了。
Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it.
他们的狗太凶猛了,所以没人敢靠近它。
但such不能用于much和many之前,所以so可用于后跟名词的much和many之前:
There was so much dust that we couldnt see what was happening.
灰尘太大了,使得我们看不清发生了什么事。
So many people complained that they took the programme off.
抱怨的人太多,所以他们取消了那个节目。
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