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基础英语必会知识点总结
在平凡的学习生活中,不管我们学什么,都需要掌握一些知识点,知识点就是学习的重点。掌握知识点有助于大家更好的学习。下面是小编收集整理的基础英语必会知识点总结,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。
基础英语必会知识点总结 1
一、基础英语形容词性物主代词
1、形容词性物主代词8个:
My your his her its our your their
我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的
2、形容词性物主代词的特点:
1)译成汉语都有"的" Eg: my 我的 their 他们的
2)后面加名词:Eg: my backpack his name
3)前后不用冠词 a an the
This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) Its his the pen(错误)
3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our
注:在变物主代词时,把原题所给的词加上的,再译成单词就可以了。
二、基础英语名词性物主代词
1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个:
Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的
2、名词性物主代词的特点:
1)译成汉语都有"的"
2)后面不加名词
3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen)
以上就是基础英语名词性物主代词全文,希望能给大家带来帮助!
三、基础英语单数的句子变成复数的句子
把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单:变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数,但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。
Eg:把下列句子变成复数
1、 I have a car ————we have cars
2、 He is an American boy。 ————They are American boys
3、 It is a car ————They are cars
4、This is an eraser ————These are erasers
5、That is a backpack —————Those are backpacks
6、Im an Egish teacher ——————We are Egish teachers
7、Its a new shirt———— They are new shirts
8、Hes a boy ————They are boys
9、Shes a singer ——————They are singers
10、Whats this in Egish?———— What are these in Egish?
四、基础英语名词的数语法
名词有单数和复数两种形式
1、名词的单数:表示一个人或一个事物
2、名词的复数:表示一个人以上的人或事物
名词复数的变化规律如下:
1、多数情况下在名词后面加S,s 在清辅音后读【S】
2、以s,x,sh,ch为结尾的词在词尾加es, es读作【iz】
3、以f ,fe为结尾的词去掉f或fe加ves,ves读作【vz】
4、以辅音加y 结尾的词,变y 为ies
5、以元音加y结尾的词,直接加s
6、不规则变化
Man—men woman—women policeman—policemen
Policewoman—policewomen这种情况下a变成e
(1)单复数同形
Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese sheep — sheep deer — deer
(2)This 这个these这些(复数) that那个 those那些(复数) I我 we我们(复数) he他 she她 it它 they他、它、她们(复数) am ,is是 are(复数)
五、基础英语人称代词主格及宾格
人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格和宾格区别:主格和宾格汉语意思相同,但位置不同。
Eg: I(主格)"我"—— me (宾格)"我"
主格在陈述句中通常放句首,宾格通常放在动词后或介词后,也就是说宾格,不放在句首。
Eg: I have a new car。( I 主格) Excuse me (me 宾格) I ask him to go (him 宾格) They sit in front of me (me 宾格)
主格(8个):I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们
宾格(8个):me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们
六、基础英语名词所有格语法
1、变法:在人名后面加s 记住:s要译成"的" Eg: Lucy(名词所有格) Lucys
2、如果是2个或2个以上人的名词所有格要在最后一个人名加s
Eg: Lily and Lucy (名词所有格)Lily and Lucys
Lily Lucy and Julia (名词所有格)Lily Lucy and Julias
3、以s结尾的名词复数所有格在后面加,Eg: students
七、基础英语就划线部分提问练习题
就划线部分提问的变法:
1、先根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词。
2、再把没划线的部分变成一般疑问句的语序。
3、特殊疑问词通常有:what/ where/ who /whose/ how/how old/ what colour/ what class /what grade/what row/what school
八、基础英语一般疑问句
1、一般疑问句最基本的变法:be 提前用问号读升调
2、my变成your our变成your I am / We are 变Are you I can 变Can you
3、注意人名不论放在什么位置都要大写 Tom is a student.Is Tom a student?
4、一般疑问句翻译成汉语都有"吗"?
1)This is my Egish teacher. Is this your Egish teacher?
2)It is our school. Is it your school?
3)We are students. Are you students?
4)I can sing. Can you sing?
九、基础英语动词的用法
1、 到目前为止,我们学过的be动词包括三个词 am ,is, are 这三个词的汉语意思相同,都是"是"的意思,但怎么运用好这三个词呢?请记住下列口决:
2、我是 am(Eg: I am a pupil.)你是 are (Eg: You are a girl.) Is 用在他、她、它(Eg: He is a Chinese boy, She is an Egish teacher, It is a cat。见到复数就用are。)
3、记住:am ,is 的复数是are, these 这些 ;those 那些(这两个词都表示复数)
十、基础简缩形式的变法语法
1、简缩形式的变法:把倒数第二个字母,通常是元音字母变成 但are除外,are要把a打成。Eg: he is=hes they are=theyre
2、简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。
3、把完全形式变成简缩形式时,一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。Eg: What is =Whats
4、记住一个特殊变化;lets =let us 让我们(不要把 变成i)
5、记住:this is 不能简缩形式thiss(错误)
基础英语必会知识点总结 2
过去分词做定语表语
1.English is a widel used language.
2.He threw awa the bren cup.
3.This is ne f the schls built in 1980s.
4.Prices f dail gds bught thrugh a cputer can be lwer than stre prices.
单个过去分词作定语,常放在被修饰词的前面;
过去分词短语作定语,常放在被修饰词的后面。
spen English
= English which is spen
terrified peple
= the peple wh are terrified
an rganized wa
= a wa that is rganized
affected area 灾区
= the area which is affected
stlen culture relics
= culture relics that had been stlen
the b recended b the teacher
= the b which was recended b the teacher
printed articles
= articles that are printed1) Dctr hn Snw was a well-nwn dctr in Lndn. 定语
2) hn Snw tld the astnished peple in Brad Street. 定语
3) He gt interested in the tw theries. 表语
4) Neither its cause, nr its cure was understd 表语
Past Participle as the Attribute定语 Past Participle as the Predicative表语
1.terrified peple1.peple wh are terrified
2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserved
3.plluted water3.water that is plluted
4.a crwded r4.a r that is crwded
5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleased
6. Astnished children6.children wh l astnished
7.a bren vase 7.a vase that is bren
8.a clsed dr8.a dr that is clsed
9.the tired audience9.the audience wh feel tired
10.a trapped anial10.an anial that is trapped
There are an fallen leaves n the grund.
= There are an leaves which had fallen n the grund. (地上有许多落叶)
Se f the, brn and brught up in rural villages, had never been t Beiing.
= Se f the , wh had been brn and brught up in rural villages, had never been t Beiing.
(他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没去过北京)
及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。
plluted water
= water which is plluted
reserved seats
= the seats which were reserved
trapped anial
= the anial which was trapped
不及物动词的过去分词不表被动,只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前,含有动作完成,动作结束之含义。 biled water
= water which has biled
fallen leaves
= the leaves which have fallen
risen sun
= the sun which has risen
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。
The bs, written b Gu inging, are ver ppular with teenagers. 这些书是郭敬明写的,深受青少年的喜爱。
Se f the, brn and brught up in rural villages, had never been t Beiing. 他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没过北京.
The b _written b the farer (一本农民写的书) is ver ppular.
The building built last ear (去年建的楼房) nw cllapsed in the Wenchuan earthquae.
The prble discussed at the eeting esterda (在昨天会议上讨论的) was ver difficult t slve.
The windw bren b that naught b被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.
基础英语必会知识点总结 3
词汇
1.中学阶段常见科目
Chinese语文 P.E.体育 art美术 science 科学music 音乐math 数学
history历史biology生物physics物理chemistry化学
2.“favorite+名词”表示“最喜欢的……”
favoritecity最喜欢的城市favoritefood最喜欢的食物favoritecolor最喜欢的颜色favoriteTVshow最喜欢的电视秀favoritesport最喜欢的运动favoritesubject最喜欢的科目
3.onMonday在星期一
4.“have+学科名词”表示“上……课”havemath上数学课havescience上科学课
5.mymusicteacher我的音乐老师6.mylastclass我的最后一节课
7.betired是疲劳的(相当于feeltired)
8.afterlunch午饭后afterclass下课后
9.play+球类名词
10.playwithsth.和某物玩耍playwithmydog和我的狗一起玩耍
句式
1.询问某人最喜欢的物品的句型
—What’syourfavoritesubject?
—Myfavoritesubjectisscience
2.询问原因的句型及答语—WhydoyoulikeP.E.?
—Becauseit’sfun.
3.询问某人的句型及答语
—Whoisyourscienceteacher?—MyscienceteacherisMrWang.
4.主系表结构——sb.+be动词+形容词I’mreallybusy!
5.主系表结构——sth.+be动词+形容词
It’sdifficult,butinteresting.Musicisrelaxing.
6.and连接的并列句OurteacherisverystrictandI’musuallyverytiredafter.
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