初中英语阅读练习素材及答案
对于大家来说，大学是个什么的存在呢?下面有小编整理的有关于大学的英语阅读，欢迎大家阅读!
Why College Is Not Home
The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.
For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.
To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.
Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.
Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.
It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.
Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.
67.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?
A.Sympathetic B.Disapproving
C.Supportive D.Neutral
68.The underlined word “passage” in Paraghaph 2 means .
A.change B.choice
C.text D.extension
69.According to the author ,what role should college play?
A.to develop a shared identity among students
B.to define and regulate students’ social behavior
C.To provide a safe world without tension for students
D.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development
【答案】
67.B
68.A
69.D
【解析】
试题分析：大学并不是温暖的家庭，也不能成为学生的家庭。大学时期应该是培养自主性和自我同一性的重要时期。大学是孩子脱离父母控制的决定性时期，因此，学校不应该成为像家庭一样让孩子依赖的地方。
67.B 细观点态度题。根据第一段 “The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性)and the development of adult identity. However...” 可知，作者认为，大学不应该成为孩子们依赖的'“家庭”，说明作者不赞成父母继续指导上大学的孩子，故选B。
68.A猜测词义题。根据“from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility”可知，从家庭的庇护到自主性和成年人的责任，这是一种转变、变化，故选A。
69.D推理判断题。每个人的个性都是不同的，排除A;根据第四段“If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing...”可知，作者不赞成大学管理者约束学生的社会行为，排除B;大学不是一个无忧无虑的场所，排除C;大学应该是学习知识和促进学生成长的地方，故选D。
California Condor’s Shocking Recovery
California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines an d lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.
In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.
Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.
So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.
Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.
Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”
63.California condors attract researchers’ interest because they .
A.are active at night
B.had to be bred in the wild
C.are found on in California
D.almost died out in the 1980s
64. Researchers have found electrical lines are .
A.blocking condors’ journey home
B. big killers of California condors
C. rest places for condors at night
D. used to keep condors away
65.According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning .
A.makes condors too nervous to fly
B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys
C. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors’ blood
D. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds
66.The passage shows that .
A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactory
B.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering
C.the efforts to protect condors have brought good results
D.researchers have found the final answers to the problem
【答案】
63.D
64.B
65.D
66.C
【解祈】
试题分析：加利福尼亚神鹰是北美最大的鸟类，双翼展开可达3米。由于频繁的触电和铅中毒，加利福尼亚神鹰几乎绝迹。现在，电击和药物治疗正在拯救加利福尼亚神鹰。
63.D 推理判断题。根据第三段 “As they go in to rest for the night” 排除 A;根据第二段 “In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild” 可知，condors—直生活在野外，排除B;根据第二段 “more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico” 可知，不止加利福尼亚有 condors,排除C，故选D。
64.B 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Electrical lines have been killing them off...Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死)if they touch two lines at once.” 可知，神鹰不知道停在电线上会触电身亡，它们经常停在电线上休息，结果，很多被电死了，故选B。
65.D 段落大意题。根据 “This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾)failures and death”可知，金属铅会刺激神鹰神经系统，影响它们的生肓能力，导致肾衰竭和死亡，故选D。
66.C推理判断题。根据“just under eight years”可知，神鹰的平均寿命太短，排除A;根据“Although these measures are not effective forever”可知，目前采用的措施并不能永远有效，排除D;根据第六段“ They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.” 可知，Rideout 团队的研究兴趣在于怎样挽救这一濒危物种，故选C。
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