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公共英语等级考试四级真题及答案
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1.Directions:
Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
In the years after World War II, Americans typically assumed the full responsibilities of adulthood by their late teens or early 20s. Most young men had (21 )__ school and were working full-
time, and most young women were (22)__ and raising children. People who grew (23) __in this era of growing affluence were economically serf-sufficient and able to take care of others by the time they had weathered adolescence. Today, adulthood no longer (24) __ when adolescence ends.
Social scientists are beginning to recognize a new phase of life: early adulthood. Some features of this stage resemble coming of age (25) __ the late 19th and early 20th centuries,(26)__ youth fingered in a state of semi-autonomy, waiting (27)__ they were sufficiently well-off to marry, have children and establish an independent (28) __ However, there are important differences (29)__ how young people today define and achieve adulthood from those of both the recent and the more distant past.
This new stage is not merely an extension of adolescence, (30) __ has been maintained in the mass media. Young adults are physically mature and often (31) __ impressive intellectual,
social and psychological skills. Nor are young people today reluctant to accept adult responsibilities. Instead, they are busy (32) __ up their educational credentials and practical skills in an ever more demanding labor market. Yet, many have not become fully adult, (33) __ they are not ready, or perhaps not permitted, to do (34) __ . For a growing number, this will not happen until their late 20s or even early 30s. In (35) __, American society will have to revise upward the “normal” age of full adulthood, and develop ways to assist young people through the ever-lengthening transition.
答案解析:
21.completed/finished
【精析】本题考查句意推断。由上下文以及人生成长阶段的常识可知，此句要表达的意思是大多数年轻男性在二十岁左右已经完成学业，开始工作了，故填completed/finished均可。
22.married
【精析】本题考查句意推断。由后文的raising children可知，此句要表达的是多数年轻女性已结婚生子，故填married。
23.up
【精析】本题考查动词词组的搭配及用法。根据句意不难理解，此句的主语是在这个黄金发展时代成长起来的人们，grow up意为“成长，长大”，故填up。
24.begins/tarts/commences l
【精析】本题考查前后文的结构对照。句中将“成年期”与“青年期”对照，后半句说的是青年期的结束，由推测可知，前半句应为成年期的开始。整句表达的是，成年期并不随着青春期的结束而开始，故填 begins/starts/commences均可。
25.in
【精析】本题考查介词的用法。在十九世纪末二十世纪初，用介词 in，故填in。 l
26.when
【精析】本题考查关系副词的用法。此句为when引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面表示时间的先行词“十九世纪末二十世纪初”，故：填when。 I
27.until/till I
【精析】本题考查句意推断及连词的用法。由上下文得知，此句表达 的是年轻人要等到足够富有了才结婚生子，故填until/till均可。
28.family/household/home
【精析】本题考查句意推断。由上下文可推断，此处要表达的意思是建立一个独立的家庭，故填family/household/home均可。
29.in {
【精析】本题考查句意理解及介词的用法。此句要表达的是如今的 青年人在定义与实现成年期问题上与过去的人有很大不同。表达“在…方面”应用介词in，故填in。
30.which
【精析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。前面主句中的“an extension of adolescence”为先行词。此句意为“这个新阶段并不像大众媒体所坚持认为的那样是青少年时期的延伸”，故填which。
31.have/own/possess
【精析】本题考查句意理解及句型结构。此句由and连接两个并列谓语，意为“年轻的成年人生理发育成熟，常常拥有惊人的智慧、社交技能和心理承受技能”，故填have/own/possess均可。 I 32.building/strengthening
【精析】本题考查动词短语的搭配及用法。整句句意为“年轻人忙于加强他们的教育背景，提升实践技能”。building/strengthening意为 “建立，增进，加强”，又因为be busy(in)doin9的固定搭配，故填
building/strengthening均可。
33.because/for/since
【精析】本题考查逻辑关系。此句意为“很多年轻人还没有完全成年是因为他们还没有准备好”，故填because/for/since均可。 I
34.so/this
【精析】本题考查句意理解。很多年轻人没有完全成年因为他们还没有准备好这样做。so/this指代前面的“become fully adult”，故填so /this均可。
35.fact/reality
【精析】本题考查介词短语：in fact/in reality“事实上，实际上”，故填 fact/reality 均可。
2.Directions:
61. Read the following text and write an essay to
1) summarize the main points of the text,
2) make clear your own viewpoint, and
3) justify your stand.
In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the text. If you use more than three consecutive words from the text, use quotation marks (“ ”).
You should write 160-200 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Sunlight is free. Turning it into electricity produces no greenhouse gases and the process is getting cheaper every year. These facts suggest solar power ought soon to be a big part of the world's energy mix. However, it is unavailable at night and is most efficiently generated in deserts. Can these problems be overcome? Or is solar power forever destined to be financially aided greenwash that is applied superficially to fossil-fuel-based economies to make them seem more environ. mentally friendly than they really are?
This motion depends on whether the world needs saving, and if so, from what?
There are two conventional answers to the second question. One is, "from the effects of climate change brought about by man-made global warming". The other is, "from dependence on fossil fuels that are, by definition, a finite resource".
Both of these answers are challengeable. Few informed people doubt that humanity's outpourings of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, are altering the climate. But there is doubt over both how big that, effect will be and whether the response should be to try to stop the change or to adapt to it. The former would certainly require an approach to alternative energy, in which solar power would play an important--and probably eventually dominant--role. The latter would argue for business as usual, with access to the cheapest energy sources (ie, at the moment, fossil fuels) to help bring about the economic growth that will help pay for adaptation to an altered climate.
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