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2016下半年年公共英语PETS一级阅读强化指导
距离2016公共英语一级考试还有三个月的时间，为了帮助广大考生更好地练习阅读部分，应届毕业生网小编为大家提供了阅读部分的指导，希望大家可以仔细阅读。
指导一：
1.generally speaking 通常来讲，一般说来
2.occur vi.发生, 出现
e.g.The accident occurred at five oclock.
事故发生在五点钟。
If anything should occur, please inform the local police.
如果发生什么事情的话,请通知当地警察。
(与to连用)想起;想到
e.g.An idea occurred to me. 我想到一个主意。
The idea never occurred to me. 我从来没有打过这个主意。
It occurred to sb that ... 刚刚想到...,突然想起
e.g.It occurred to me that he once told me that he had a brother in another country.
It occurred to him suddenly that he could try to escape through the secret path.
3.
exception n.除外, 例外
e.g.Most children like sweets, but there are some exceptions.
大多数孩子喜欢吃糖果, 但也有一些例外。
We praised them all, with two exceptions.
我们称赞了所有的人，只有两个例外。
Theres an exception to every rule.
每项规则均有例外。
There is an exception to this grammatical rule.
这条语法规则有个例外。
4.
rather than conj.胜于，而不是
e.g.He prefers to stay at home rather than go to work.
He would like to keep his parents company rather than go sightseeing for his vacation.
5.
minor adj.较小的, 次要的 major
e.g.The young actress was given a minor part in the new play.
这个年轻女演员只分到这出新戏中一个较次要的角色/配角。
Don’t make a fuss; it’s only a minor illness 不要大惊小怪的，只是小病而已。
Don’t worry; he only had a minor injury. 别担心他只是受了轻伤。
a minor party少数党
6.
inconvenience n.不便;麻烦
e.g.It often causes a lot of inconvenience when buses come late.
公共汽车晚点时,常常引起许多不便。
I hope it wont cause you too much inconvenience to drive me to the station.
我希望你驾车送我到车站不会使你感到不便。
I’m sorry for having put you into inconvenience.
很抱歉给你带来很多麻烦。
7.
renew the passport 更换护照
*renew, restore, refresh 都含“恢复”、“更新”的意思。
renew 系常用词, 指“使已旧或已失去力气、活力等物变新或复原”, 如:
e.g.I renewed my spirits in the country air.
在乡村的空气中我恢复了精力
renew a stock of goods
更新库存货物。
restore 指“把用旧、用坏的东西恢复原样”, 如:
e.g.restore an old castle恢复旧城堡。
refresh 指“使恢复力量、精力”, 如:
e.g.refresh oneself with a cold shower 用冷水浴恢复精神。
passport n. 护照
e.g.school passport登记卡
service passport (visa)公务护照(签证)
ships passport船舶护照
Hard work was her passport to success.
艰苦的工作是她获得成功的保证
Quite a number of young people maintain that money is a passport to happiness.
相当一部分年轻人坚持认为金钱是获得幸福的保证。
8.
travel agency n.旅行社
e.g.sole agency /exclusive agency独家代理
agency general 总代理
agency service 代理业务
Employment Service Agency 职业介绍服务处
9.
rent vt, vi付租金;租用;出租，租出
e.g.My father rents an office in the city.
我父亲在城里租了间办公室。
Is that your own computer, or do you rent it?
这电脑是你自己的,还是租来的?
Would you like to rent a room to Mrs. Smith?
租一间房给史密斯太太
(与at连用)以…出租
e.g.The apartment rents at $2000 a month.
这个单元套房以每月2000美元出租。
10.
sublet v.转租 (let v&n. 出租，租金)
subrent n. 转租租金
指导二：
1.extinct species灭绝物种
2.endangered species 濒危物种
3.
species n. 物种
e.g.The origin of S-《物种的起源》(达尔文著)
tree species树种
a species of animal 一种动物
Some species of animals have become extinct because they could not adapt to a changing environment.
有一些动物已经灭种了,因为它们不能适应环境的变化
4.
diversity n. 多样性
e.g.species diversity物种多样性
a great diversity of methods 各种不同的方法
one of the advantages of living in big cities is that they have lots of cinemas and other diversions.
生活在大城市里的一个优点就是城里有许多电影院和其他娱乐场所。
5.
adore v.崇拜 敬爱;敬重 非常喜欢
e.g.He adores the cinema.
他非常爱看电影。
She adores going to the volleyball match.
她非常喜欢看排球比赛。
6.
clash n&v .冲突, 撞击声, 抵触
e.g.clash of interests 利益冲突
a clash with the police 与警察的冲突
I failed to go to her wedding because it clashed with my examination.
我没能去参加她的婚礼,因为和我的考试日期冲突了
7.
mandate v&n. 将(某地)委托统治; 托管; 批准, 颁布
e.g.mandate a policy
批准一项政策
The president had a clear mandate to end the war.
总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
8.
alter v. 改变;变更
e.g.These clothes are too large; they must be altered.
这些衣服太大，得修改。
The design of the electric circuits of the digit-controlled lathe must be altered to meet the new requirement.
这台数控机床的电路设计必须改动,以适应新的要求。
The weather alters almost daily.
天气几乎天天变化。
9.
enforcement n. 实施, 执行
e.g.budget enforcement预算执行
seek enforcement of judgment请求执行判决
10.
somber adj.阴森的, 昏暗的, 阴天的, 忧郁的
a somber mood.忧郁的情绪
指导三：
1.
abuse n. v. 滥用;妄用
e.g.He was charged with the abuse of privilege. 他被指控滥用特权。
We should feel shamed of abuse of natural resources.
对于滥用自然资源，我们应该感到羞耻。
Keep children free from drug abuse.别让孩子误用药品
ab 前缀表示“不正确的，脱离正轨的”：
abnormal adj.反常的, 变态的
absonant adj.不协调的, 不和谐的
2.
inherit vt.继承, 遗传而得
heir n.继承人, 后嗣
e.g.inherit the tradition继承传统
The eldest son will inherit the title. 长子将继承爵位。
A son inherits from his father.儿子继承父亲的遗产。
She inherited all her mothers beauty.
(喻) 她继承了她母亲的全部美貌。
3.
consequence n.结果, [逻]推理, 推论, 因果关系
e.g.As a consequence of being in hospital, Shelly decided that she wanted to become a nurse.
由于在医院的缘故，谢莉决定当一名护士。
You should consider the consequences before doing something. 考虑后果
4.
use up v.用完, 耗尽
e.g.What if the water on earth is used up?
We have to find the way out of the forest before our food is used up.
Can you lend me some ink, for mine has been used up?
5.
run out用完, 耗尽
e.g.our food is running out;where can we turn for help?
What will happen if the natural recourses on earth run out?
6.look ahead v.计划未来, 预测未来
7.global warming 全球变暖
8.ozone layer臭氧层(距地球表面20-40英里, 为同温层的外缘)
9.
awareness n. 意识, 注意
global awareness 全球意识
political awareness政治常识
tactical awareness战术意识
10.at least 至少 at most
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