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全国英语等级考试二级阅读理解习题及答案

时间:2018-03-21 09:06:53 公共英语 我要投稿

全国英语等级考试二级阅读理解习题及答案

  2016年上半年全国英语等级考试时间为3月19日至20日,为了各位考生可以更好地备战全国英语等级考试二级考试,下面YJBYS小编为大家带来2016全国英语等级考试二级阅读理解习题及答案,供大家参考学习,预祝考生备考成功!

全国英语等级考试二级阅读理解习题及答案

  (一)

  Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word.

  Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET l.

  Impatience characterizes young intellectual workers.They want to make their mark(31) ___.So it’s important to get(32) ___to them in a challenging manner the idea(33) ___big achievements rarely come easily and quickly.Point out that the little successes are essential.Show that they(34) ___turn become the foundation on(35) ___reputations are built and from which mole important tasks can be accomphished.

  A variety of job assignments,including job Or project rotation,also keep a job(36) ___becoming dull.Whereas it’s natural for some individuals to want to move ahead immediately to more difficult assignments,(37) ___proper guidance they call continue to learn and to gain versatility by working on a number of jobs that are essentially(38)——the same complexity.This way they gain breadth,if not depth.

  Probably the greatest offense to guard(39) ___when dealing with younger specialists is to reject ideas out of hand.You must listen--and listen objectively——to their suggestions.Avoid(40)——0vercritical.You want to nurture an inquiring mind with a fresh approach. You’ll frustrate it quickly if you revert too often(41) ___“We’ve tried that before and it won’t(42) ___here.”

  One sure way to disenchant(43) ___college graduates is flagrantly misusing their talents.Expect them to do some routine work,of course.But don’t make their(44) ___work just one long series of errands.This in—eludes such break—in assignments(45) ___performing routine calculations,digging up(46) ___material,(47) ___0perating reproduction equipment.One large manufacturing company recently interviewed a number of(48) ___engineers who had left them.The company found that the overwhelming complaint was that the company not only did not offer work that(49) ___challenging but also expected(50) ___too little from them in the way of performance.

  参考译文

  不耐心是年轻的脑力工作者的特点。他们希望快速成名。因此,给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻而易举、快速地到来很重要。要指出小的成功至关重要。要跟他们讲明这些小成功会反过来成为建立声誉的基础,从这些小成功开始才能完成更加重要的任务。多种多样的工作任务,包括工作或项目轮换也会防止工作变得乏味。但是,有些人很自然地希望立刻去完成更为艰难的任务,在适当的指导下,他们可以继续学习,继续通过干许多一样复杂的工作而获得多样性。这样他们就能有广度的收获,如果不是深度上的。也许,在与年轻的专业人士打交道时最应该防范的就是马上驳斥其想法。你必须聆听一客观地聆听他们的建议。避免过分挑剔。你希望用新的途径培养一个好问的头脑。如果你经常提到“我们以前已经试着这样做了.但是不管用”就会很快地挫伤这种好问的头脑。使年轻的大学毕业生们清醒过来的一种妙招就是公然滥用他们的才能。当然要想到他们会做一些惯常的工作,但是不要使他们的日常工作仅仅成为一长串令人烦躁的差使,这包括一些像执行常规计算、挖掘参考材料、操作再生产设备等等实习期任务。一家大型制造公司最近采访了许多有前途的工程师,这些工程师都已离开这家公司。他们发现绝大多数人抱怨公司提供的工作不但没有挑战性,而且对于他们的表现期望也非常低。

  答案及解析

  31.fast 【解析】由上一句句意“不耐心代表了年轻的脑力工作者们的特点。”可知,本句“他们想…成名”中的空处应填“快速地”。

  32.across 【解析】9et across意为“使(观点等)被理解或接受,讲清自己的意思”,此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”

  33.that 【解析】参见32题解析,idea与big achievements rarely come easily and quickly是同位语,故此空应填that,引导同位语从句。

  34.in 【解析】in turn意为“转而,反过来”,此旬意为“给他们讲明这些小成功成为建立声誉的基础,而且从这些小成功开始更重要的任务才能被完成。”。外语学习网

  35.which 【解析】“声誉建立的基础”英语表达为“the foundation on which reputations ale built”,which指代foundations。

  36.from 【解析】keep sth.from doing sth.意为“防止某事…”,为固定短语。

  37.under 【解析】under guidance意为“在…指导下”,为固定短语。

  38.of 【解析】be of the same...意为“是一样…”,此句意为“…在正确的指导下,他们能继续学习,继续通过干许多一样复杂的工作而获得多样性。”

  39.against 【解析】guard against意为“防止,防范,警惕”,为固定短语,against也可以省略。

  40.being 【解析】avoid doing sth.意为“避免…”,avoid后必须跟名词或动名词。be overcritical意为“过分挑剔的”。

  41.to 【解析】revert to意为“重想,重提”,此句意为“如果你经常提到‘我们以前已经试着这样做了,但是不管用’就会很快地挫伤这种好问的头脑”。

  42.work 【解析】本句意为“我们以前已经尝试过,但是不…。”显然,此空处应填“奏效,起作用”,英语中表达这一含义最地道的词就是work。

  43.young 【解析】本文均是在讲年轻的脑力工作者,故此空所应填的用于修饰“college graduates”的`词也应是“年轻的”。

  44.daily 【解析】此句意为“但是不要使他们的…工作仅仅成为一长串令人心烦的差使。”显然,此空应填“每日的,日常的”。

  45.as 【解析】such…as意为“这样的…如”。此空后为并列的三个分词短语,即“如”后跟的例举事项。

  46.reference 【解析】这三个分词短语意为“执行日常运算、挖掘…材料、操作再生产设备”。显然,“参考材料”最合适。

  47.and 【解析】这三个分词短语是并列的,故中间的连词只能用and。

  48.promising 【解析】此旬意为“一家大制造公司最近采访了许多…的工程师,这些工程师都已离开这家公司。”由上下句判断,此空处填“有希望的,有前景的”最合句意。

  49.was 【解析】此空显然应是句子的谓语成分,应填动词的过去式。

  50.far 【解析】可用于修饰“too little”的只能是far,意为“太少,特别少”。

  (二)

  Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word.

  Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET l.

  Pollution is a“dirty”word.To pollute means to contaminate-topsoil or something by introducing impurities which make(31) ___unfit or unclean to use.Pollution comes in many forms.We see it,smell it,(32) ___it,drink it,and stumble through it.We literally lived in and breathe pollution,and(33) ___surprisingly,it is beginning to(34) ___our health,our happiness,and our civilization.

  Once we thought of pollution(35) ___meaning simply the smog--the choking,stinging,dirty(36) ___that hovers over cities.But air pollution,while it is(37) ___the most dangerous,is only one type of contamination among several(38) ___attack the most basic life functions.

  Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides,man has polluted the land,(39) ___the wildlife.By(40) ___sewage and chemicals into rivers and lakes,we have contaminated our(41) ___water.We are polluting the oceans,too,killing the fish and(42) ___depriving ourselves(43) ___an invaluable food supply.

  Part of the problem is our exploding(44) ___.More and more people are producing more wastes.But this problem is intensified by our“throw—away”technology.Each year Americans(45) ___of 7 million autos,20 million tons of waste paper,25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans.We throw away gum wrappers,newspapers,and paper plates.It is no longer wise to(46) ___anything.Today almost everything is disposable. (47) ___of repairing a toaster or a radi0,it is easier and cheaper to buy another one and discard the old,even(48) ___95 percent of its parts may still be functioning.Baby diapers,which used to be made of reusable cloth,are now paper throw-aways.Soon we will wear clothing made of(49) ___:“Wear it once and throw it away”will be the slogan of the fashionable consciousness.

  Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump,or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem?(50) ___,solutions are in sight.A few of them are positively ingenious.

  参考译文

  污染是一个“肮脏”的词语。污染就是弄脏——表土或什么东西,通过引进杂质使其不健康或不洁。污染可以有很多形式。我们可以看见它,闻到它,尝到它,喝到它,从它中间挣扎走过。我们简直生活在污染中,呼吸着它,毫不奇怪,它开始威胁我们的健康、我们的幸福和我们的文明。

  我们曾经把污染只是想成烟雾——盘旋在城市上空的那种呛人、刺鼻、肮脏的空气。但是空气污染虽然是最为危险的,但也只是几种攻击最基本生活功能的污染之一。

  通过不加控制地使用杀虫剂。人类已经污染了土地,杀死了野生动物。通过将污水和化学物质倾倒进河流和湖泊,我们已经污染了我们的饮用水。我们也正在污染海洋,杀死鱼类,因而剥夺了我们那无价的食物供应。

  人口的爆炸也是引起污染的原因之一。越来越多的人正在制造越来越多的垃圾。但是,这一问题被我们的“一次性”技术加剧了。每年美国人都要扔掉700万辆汽车、2,000万吨废纸、2,500万磅牙膏皮和4,800万个罐子。我们还扔掉口香糖包装纸、报纸和纸盘。再次利用已经不再明智了。今天。几乎所有东西都可以扔掉。比起修一台烤箱或收音机,买一台新的、扔掉旧的更容易、更便宜,虽然它95%的部件仍可以使用。婴儿尿布以前用循环使用的布制成,现在都变成纸质的一次性产品了。不久我们就会穿上纸质的衣服:“穿一次就扔掉”将成为流行意识的口号。

  所有这些到什么时候才能结束?我们是不是正在把世界变成一个巨大的垃圾场,或者我们还有没有希望解决污染问题?幸运的是,已经有了解决问题的办法,有几种办法还十分具有独创性