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如何看懂英文合同里出现频率极高的古体词
引导语：小编今天就带着大家一起认识认识这些在英文合同里出现频率极高的"古体词"。希望能够帮助到大家。
先看看几个例句：
This contract is made this 19th of February,2014 by WFX Corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Sellers")who agree to sell and HK Corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Buyers"), who agree to buy the following goods on the terms and conditions as below.
本合同由WFX公司(以下简称"卖方")与HK公司(以下简称"买方")于2014年2月19日订立，双方同意按下述条件买卖下列货物。
The deposit paid by the Buyers shall not be refunded if the Buyers fail to make full payment within the time herein specified and the Buyers shall be liable for all losses incurred therefrom to the Sellers.
如果买方在规定的时间内未付清货款，买方的保证金将不予退还，而且买方应承担卖方由此产生的一切损失。
在翻译古体词的时候，应根据本意及上下文灵活掌握释义。例如在此例中， herein可以不必译出。或采用汉语的文言词例如"兹"、"之"、"鉴于"、"特"等进行翻译。
IN WITNESSTH WHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Contract by their authorized representatives as of the date first above written.
兹特由双方授权的代表，于上述首开日期签署本合同为据。
此例中的"IN WITNESSTH WHEREOF"意思是"作为协议事项的证据"，是格式化的合同语言，类似采用大写形式的还有：IN CONSIDERATION OF(考虑到，以为约因)、WHEREAS (鉴于)、IN THE PRESENCE OF (见证人)、NOWTHEREFORE(特此、兹特)、NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS(兹特立约为据)。
当然，类似这样运用大量"古体词"的句子在任何一本英文合同里都可以找出上百句来。于是我们整理了这么一个列表，如果将下述词汇全都理解透，相信各位一定会对法律英语(精品课)有进一步的了解，至少能更顺利地阅读法律文本。
1. hereafter
after this in sequence or in time, in some future time or state(此后，以下)
例句：
Both parties must agree to the terms specified hereunder.
双方均须同意以下条款。
2. hereby
by this means(以此方式，以此，特此)
例句：
I hereby acknowledge receipt of your letter of 25 July.
特此告知贵方7月25日的来函收悉。
3. herefrom
from this fact or statement(由此，从此)
例句：
The organization, XXXX, will be liable for any economic and legal liability incurred herefrom.
XXX一方将承担由此产生的一切经济和法律责任。
4. herein
in this document(此中，于此，在此文件中)
例句：
The statements and views expressed herein are those of the author and are not necessarily those of the Wilson Centre.
本书中的陈述和观点为作者个人意见，不一定代表威尔逊中心的看法。
5. hereinabove
at a prior point in this writing or document(前文，上文)
例句：
Any tax or duty other than those described hereinabove, if any, be borne by the Buyer.
除上述的税务和关税外,如果产生其他的税务和关税,应有买方负担。
6. hereinafter
in the following part of this writing or document(在下文)
例句：
These territories are hereinafter referred to as trust territories.
此项领土以下简称“托管领土”。
7. hereinbefore
in the preceding part of this writing or document(在上文)
例句：
The hereinbefore is authentic and assures our business activities are legal.
以上所填内容属实,保证所从事的经济活动符合法律法规。
8. hereof
of this(就此，关于此)
例句：
The amount of each drawing must be endorsed on reverse hereof.
每笔汇票金额必须在信用证背面给予签注。
9. hereto
to this writing or document(对此，至此)
例句：
The Parties hereto reach an agreement in writing.
双方达成书面协议。
10. hereunder
under or in accordance with this writing or document(在下面，在下文)
例句：
Please quote us your lowest price for the items listed hereunder.
请报下列商品的最低价。
11. herewith
with this communication;enclosed in this(同此，随信附上)
例句：
Please find two samples enclosed herewith.
寄上样品两种，请查收。
12. thereafter
after that(此后，后来)
例句：
The commitment fee shall quarterly be paid from the date in the third month thereafter to the earlier day of the Disbursement Date and the Termination Date.
从其后第3个月的该日起开始按季支付承诺费至发放日与终止日中较早之日。
13. therein
in or into that place,time,or thing(在那里，在其中)
例句：
A certificate of the Borrower shall, substantially, comply with the form set forth in Appendix 4, and the attachments specified therein.
借款人证明书，其格式基本上应遵照附录4及其附件规定的格式。
14. thereinafter
in the following part of that matter (as writing, document, or speech)(在下文)
例句：
All expenses and risks thereinafter shall be borne by your side.
此后一切所发生的风险和费用由你方承担。
15. thereof
of that(在其中)
例句：
When the Buyer is entitled to determine the time within a specified period and /or the place of taking delivery, the Buyer in question shall give the Seller the notice thereof.
买方有权确定在规定期限内提取货物的时间和/或地点时，应将有关信息通知卖方。
16. thereto
to that(此外，在其上)
例句：
The parties thereto shall, in good faith, comply with the decision and award of the arbitration tribunal.
双方须以良好诚信的态度遵守仲裁庭的决定。
17. thereunder
under that part of a contract(在其下，按规定条款)
例句：
The Borrower fails to pay amount payable thereunder as amount shall become payable.
借款人未能支付根据该协议规定到期应付的款项。
18. therewith
with that(与此)
例句：
I therewith withdraw my complaints.
我同时撤回我的投诉。
19. whereby
by which(凭此，由此)
例句：
They voted to accept a deal whereby the union will receive nearly three-quarters of a million pounds from the International Miners Organisation.
他们表决同意了一项协议，根据这一协议工会将从国际矿工组织得到近75万英镑。
20. wherein
in which(在那方面)
例句：
Adequate housing is possible in developed, mixed economies wherein the interests of the poor have prevailed.
在发达的混合经济体中，充足的房源供给是可能的，在那里贫困阶层的利益较有保障。
21. whereof
of which(其中，有关的)
例句：
A contract made by an urban council, whereof the value and amount exceed X50, must be under seal, and certain other formalities must be observed.
由市政厅签署的合同，若其中涉及的金额和数量超过50倍，则须盖章并履行其他手续。
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