英语专业四级考试辅导练习题

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英语专业四级考试辅导练习题

　　现在许多优秀的学生，他们天赋都很高吗?不，不是的，他们都是正常的智商，而正是凭着勤奋、靠着超人的努力，才取得了令我们惊叹的好成绩。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的英语专业四级考试辅导练习题，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!

英语专业四级考试辅导练习题

　　task 1

　　Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的 ) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.

　　The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激 ) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

　　“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.

　　A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.

　　In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

　　A)mental

　　B)promise

　　C)kill

　　D)avoid

　　E)hope

　　F)especially

　　G)aid

　　H)ordinary

　　I)approval

　　J)monetary

　　K)generally

　　L)improve