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全国英语专八TEM阅读理解特训题
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Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.
Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding -- the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.
Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
“All men are created equal.” We’ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children -- the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children -- disabled or not -- to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.
习题
1. In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that
[A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society
[B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are
[C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society
[D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children
2. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that ________.
[A] they are expected to be leaders of the society
[B] they might become a burden of the society
[C] they should fully develop their potentials
[D] disabled children deserve special consideration
3. This passage mainly deals with ________.
[A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities
[B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society
[C] the special educational programs for exceptional children
[D] the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children
4. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children ________.
[A] is now enjoying legal support
[B] disagrees with the tradition of the country
[C] was clearly stated by the country’s founders
[D] will exert great influence over court decisions
全文翻译
特殊儿童在一些重要的方面不同于其他同龄的孩子。对于这些孩子来说，要把他们全部的成熟的潜力开发出来，他们所受的教育就必须适应那些差异。
虽然我们关注的是特殊儿童的需要，但却发现我们也在描述他们的生活环境。当舞台上的主角吸引了我们的注意力后，我们也意识到配角及戏剧场景的重要性。特殊儿童所处的家庭及社会环境常常是他们成长和发展的关键。正是在公立学校里我们感受到了社会知性的充分体现——向下一代传授知识、希望和恐惧。
任何社会的教育都是反映该社会的一面镜子。在这面镜子里，我们可以看到优点、弱点、希望、偏见，以及文化本身的核心价值。过去30年间公共教育表现出的对特殊儿童的巨大关注表明了存在于我们社会中的那种强烈情绪，即所有公民，不论情况怎么特殊，都应该得到全面发展其能力的机会。
“人人生来平等”。这句话我们已听过无数次，但在民主社会它对教育仍然有着极其重要的寓意。尽管这句话被国家建立者们用来表示法律面前人人平等，它也被解释为机会面前人人平等。这个概念暗示了所有儿童都有接受教育的机会——即每个儿童，不管其本身的能力大小与否，都有权利在学习上最大限度地得到帮助。最近的法庭裁决已再次确定了所有儿童——不论残疾与否——都有接受适当的教育的权利，并已命令公立学校采取必要的措施来提供这种教育。作为回应，学校也在调整课程安排，使授课能够适应特殊儿童，适应那些不能从常规课程中真正获益的儿童的需要。
重点句
Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that minor we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself.
该句意义：
在该句中使用“mirror”这个比喻，即借用镜子会反映真实反映情况的东西这一特征，进而说明教育是社会的镜子，即可以从教育这个角度看一个社会的全貌。凡是教育类的写作，皆可以应用该句子，直接带入写作中。
该句语法：
(1)介词短语做后置定语：in any society
(2) 介词短语做前置状语省略逗号：In that minor，本应有逗号，但是在该句中省略。
(3)平行结构中三者以上并列：the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values
(4)反身代词做同位语：itself=culture
习题答案
答案：ACDA
1.In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that____.
1.第二段作者引用舞台主角的例子目的是为了说明______。
[A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society
[A] 特殊儿童的成长与家庭和社会有很大关系
[B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are
[B] 与正常儿童相比，特殊儿童受到的家庭影响更大
[C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society
[C] 家庭和社会最感兴趣的是特殊儿童
[D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children
[D] 社会的需要比特殊儿童的需要重要得多
2.The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that__.
2.特殊儿童在教育上得到很多关注的原因是___________。
[A] they are expected to be leaders of the society
[A] 他们有望成为社会领袖
[B] they might become a burden of the society
[B] 他们有可能成为社会负担
[C] they should fully develop their potentials
[C] 他们应该充分发挥自己的潜力
[D] disabled children deserve special consideration
[D] 残疾儿童值得特殊关注
3.This passage mainly deals with__.
3.文章的主要内容是_________。
[A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities
[A] 孩子在学习能力上的差异
[B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society
[B] 现代社会中特殊儿童的定义
[C] the special educational programs for exceptional children
[C] 为特殊儿童设的特殊教育项目
[D] the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children
[D] 使教育适应特殊儿童的特点的必要性
4. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children ___.
4.从文章可知，对特殊儿童教育的关注_________。
[A] is now enjoying legal support
[A] 正受到法律的支持
[B] disagrees with the tradition of the country
[B] 与本国传统不符
[C] was clearly stated by the country’ s founders
[C] 被国家创立者明确地表达出来
[D] will exert great influence over court decisions
[D] 将会对法庭的裁决起很大影响
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