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2018专八阅读练习题《气候研究》
对于不少的人来说，专八的阅读理解难度很大，那么接下来，小编就为大家送上一篇2018专八阅读练习题，供大家练习。
The direct raya of the sun touch the equator and strike northward toward the Tropic of Cancer. In the Southern hemisphere winter has begun, and it is summer north of the equator. The sea and air grow warmer; the polar air of winter begins its gradual retreat.
The northward shift of the sun also brings the season of tropical cyclones to the northern hemisphere, a season that is ending for the Pacific and India Oceans south of the equator. Along our coasts and those of Asia. it is time to look seaward. to guard against the season's storms. Over the Pacific, the tropical cyclone season is never quite over. but varies in intensity. Every year. conditions east of the Philippines send a score of violent storms howling toward Asia, but it is worst from June through October. Southwest of Mexico. a few Pacific hurricanes will grow during spring and summer. but most will die at sea or perish over the desert or the lower California coast as squalls.
Along our Atlantic and Gulf coasts. the hurricane season is from June to November. In an average year, there are fewer than ten tropical cyclones and six of them will develop into hurricanes. These will kill 50 to 100 persons between Texas and Maine and cause property damage of more than $100 million. If the year is worse than average, we will suffer several hundred deaths,and property damage will run to billions of dollars.
Tornadoes, floods, and severe storms are in season elsewhere on the continent. Now, to these destructive forces must be added the hazard of the hurricane. From the National Hurricane Center in Miami. a radar fence reaches westward to Texas and northward to New England. It provides a 200-mile look into offshore disturbances. In Maryland. che giant computers of the National Meteorological Center digest the myriad bits of data-atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, surface winds. and winds aloft-received from weather stations and ships monitoring the atmospheric setting each hour, every day. Cloud photographs from spacecraft orbiting the earth are received in Maryland and are studied for che telltale spiral on the warming sea. The crew of United States aircraft over the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and Atlantic watch the sky and wait for the storm that will bear a person's name. The machinery of early warning vibrates with new urgency as the season of great storms begins.
1.The cyclone season of the Southern hemisphere__________________.
A) is brought by the polar air of winter
B) ends when winter comes to the Southern hemisphere
C) virtually lasts throughout the year
D) begins when the sun rays strike the Tropic of Cancer
2.What is true about the storms howling towards Asia?
A) They originate over the Pacific.
B) They influence Southeast Asia most violently.
C) They mainly grow during spring and summer.
D) They usually perish off coast.
3.When the Pacific hurricanes reach the lower California. most of them will_____________.
A) reduce their intensity
B) increase their intensity
C) cause much property damage
D) result in great rain and floods
4.What can we leam about the National Hurricane Center in Miami?
A) It mainly provides protection against hurricanes to Texas and New England.
B) It warns the whole country against tornadoes, severe storms and hurricanes.
C) It consists of radars along the coast of the west and the north of U.S.
D) It supervises the coastal areas stretching from Texas to New England.
5.The passage discusses most clearly about_______________.
A) the factors that cause hurricanes
B) the most risky areas that suffer hurricanes
C) the early warning system against hurricanes
D) the remedies for property damage by hurricanes
答案：
1.南半球的热带气旋季节_________________。
A)是由冬季的极地空气所带来的
B)在南半球冬季到来的时候就结束了
C)实际上全年都存在
D)在太阳光照射到北回归线的时候就开始了
[B]从首段和第2段首句的描述可以知道，南北半球的气候相反，当南半球进入冬季、热带气旋季节结束的时候，北半球却是夏季、热带气旋季节开始的时候，辨清了这些事实，就不难判断选项B为本题答案。
2.下列关于刮向亚洲的风暴的说法那一点是正确的?
A)风暴产生干太平洋。
B)风暴对于东南亚的影响最巨大。
C)风暴主要在春夏两季产生。
D)风暴通常在海岸边上消亡。
[A]第2段第3-5句说的是太平洋沿岸热带气旋的形成和影响，而且，如果稍有地理知识的话，就知道菲律宾东部也在太平洋上，结合第3、4句的内容就可以推断选项A为正确的说法。选项B没有原文依据;选项C和D都是第2段第5句提到的内容，是关于墨西哥西南部的飕风的，与亚洲的暴风无关。
4.对于迈阿密的国家飕风中心，我们了解到什么情况?
A)该中心主要为得克萨斯州和新英格兰地区遭飓风袭击时提供保护。
B)该中心对于龙卷凤，强烈暴风和飓风提出全国警报。
C)该中心在美国的西部和北部海岸都设有雷达。
D)该中心管理从得克萨斯到新英格兰的海岸地区。
[D]从末段第3句可以知道国家飓风中心的监测范围，第4句指出国家飓风中心主要监测的是海面的情况，结合这两句，即可知道选项D正确。选项A所表示的范围过小了，而选项B正好相反，范围过大;选项C中的the west and the north of U.S.(美国的西部和北部)与原文的westward to Texas and northward to New England所指的地点是不同的。
5.文章最清晰的讨论点是____。
A)导致飓风的因素
B)受飕风危害风险最大的地区
C)对于飕风的早期预警机制
D)解决由飓风造成的财产损失的方法
[C]末段提到了国家飓风中心和国家气象中心，说明了美国为了预警飓风所采取的措施，由此可见，选项C在文中是有清楚说明的。
附：专八阅读理解技巧
1.认真审题，找出文中根据
首先要认真仔细地看清题干和四个选择项，尤其要注意以下几点：
(1) 有时候题干会出现这样的问句：
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
The following statements are true EXCEPT .
在这里，要特别注意这个not，是问你“不正确的，错误的”选项，即哪一项是不符合原文内容的。类似否定式提问往往造成考生的误看，所以要特别留意这样的题型。
(2) 从出题角度看，有的试题四个选项的文字用得极其相似，有时甚至只相差一个单词，很容易造成视觉干扰，使考生一下子难以辨认真伪。因此考生要特别注意四个选项之间的细微区别。
(3) 一定要将四个选择项全部看完，在考生认为前一两个选择项正确的时候，往往不再注意后面选项，这样很容易出错，尤其在前面选项碰巧是干扰项的时候。
另外，在文中寻找试题答案时，可以把与试题有关的词、句、语段划出来，分别标上试题的序号，然后对照研读，做出判断。这样有利于缩小摄取有效信息的范围，做到有根有据，便于判断和复查验证，提高答题正确率。这是个在平时操练时十分有用的方法，但在真实考试当中，要根据时间来定是否采取此法。
2. 注意观察问题的类型
了解试题的种类，有助于正确理解试题的要求，以便采用相应的阅读方法，更快速、准确地将答案定位。
阅读理解题的种类概括起来不外乎下面几种：
(1) 细节题——根据文章的内容、信息进行提问。
譬如以what, which, when, where, why等开头的问题。其他常用的结构还有： According to the passage, ... /The story tells us that ... 等。
(2) 主旨题——询问有关文章主要内容、中心大意、作品基调、作者态度、目的。
譬如： “What does the passage mainly discuss?”/“Which of the following is the more appropriate title for the passage?”等。
(3) 推理题——要求考生就已获得的信息进行推理，得出原文字面上未出现的答案。
常见的问题有 “Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about ...”/“ What does the passage imply?”/“ The main purpose of this passage is to ...”等。
(4) 指代题——用于测试考生对具体词义或指代关系的识别能力。
其题类经常为： “The word ‘attribute’ in line 6 means ...”/“What does the underlined phrase in line 38 refer to?”
(5) 评价题——用于测试考生对文章风格、写作手法等的分析能力。
譬如： “What kind of writing technique does the writer use in the passage to ... ?”/“What are the ways the writer uses to create the gloomy impression in the passage?”等。
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