2024中考英语介词、连词考点

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2024中考英语介词、连词考点

　　中考英语介词、连词考点是必考知识点，那么yjbys为大家汇总了中考英语介词、连词的考点详细解读，希望对大家备考中考英语有所帮助!

2024中考英语介词、连词考点

　　【考点直击】

　　1. 常用介词及其词组的主要用法和意义;

　　2. 常用动词、形容词与介词、副词的固定搭配及其意义。

　　3. 并列连词and, but, or, so等的主要用法;

　　4. 常用的从属连词的基本用法

　　【名师点睛】

　　1. 介词的功能

　　介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：

　　The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语)

　　The girl will be back in two hours. (状语)

　　Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语)

　　Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)

　　2. 常用介词的用法辨析

　　(1)表时间的介词

　　1)at, in on

　　表示时间点用at。例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。例如：in the ninettenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。

　　2) since, after

　　由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：

　　I haven’t heard from him since last summer.

　　After five days the boy came back.

　　3) in, after

　　in与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。After与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如：

　　He will be back in two months.

　　He will arrive after four o’clock.

　　He returned after a month.

　　(2)表示地点的介词

　　1)at, in, on

　　at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：

　　He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.

　　They arrived at a small village before dark.

　　There is a big hole in the wall.

　　The teacher put up a picture on the wall.

　　2) over, above, on

　　over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。On指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：

　　There is a bridge over the river.

　　We flew above the clouds.

　　They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.

　　3) across, through

　　across和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。Across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。Throgh的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如：

　　The dog ran across the grass.

　　The boy swam across the river.

　　They walked through the forest.

　　I pushed through the crowds.

　　4) in front of, in the front of

　　in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外;in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如：

　　There are some tall trees in front of the building.

　　The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.

　　3. 介词的固定搭配

　　介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。

　　(1)介词与动词的搭配

　　listen to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。

　　(2)介词与名词的搭配

　　on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。

　　(3)介词与形容词的搭配

　　be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。

　　4. 连词的功能

　　用来连接词，短语，从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。

　　5. 并列连词

　　并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：

　　(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。

　　(2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。

　　(3)表转折关系的but, while等。

　　(4)表因果关系的for, so等。

　　6. 从属连词

　　从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：

　　(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。

　　(3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。

　　(4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。

　　(5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。

　　(6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。

　　(7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。

　　(8)引导名词从句的that, if , whether等。

　　7. 常用连词的用法辨析

　　(1) while, when, as

　　这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。

　　1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：

　　As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.

　　2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：

　　While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.

　　3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：

　　As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.

　　4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边…一边…”时，最常用as。例如：

　　Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.

　　She looked behind from time to time as she went

　　5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：

　　When he finished his work, he took a short rest.

　　6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：

　　When John arrived I was cooking lunch.

　　(2)as, because, since , for

　　这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。

　　1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：

　　I stayed at home because it rained.

　　---Why aren’t you going?

　　---Because I don’t want to.

　　2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：

　　As he wasn’t ready, we left without him.

　　Since I have no money, I can’t buy any food.

　　3) for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：

　　I decided to stop and have lunch----for I was feeling quite hungry.

　　(3)if, whether

　　if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：

　　I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.

　　I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.

　　在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：

　　1) 引导主语从句时。例如：

　　Whether he will come to the party is unknown.

　　2) 引导表语从句时。例如：

　　The question is whether I can pass the exam.

　　3) 在不定式前。例如：

　　I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.

　　(4)so…that, such...that

　　1) so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：

　　I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther.

　　It was such a warm day that he went swimming.

　　2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so,不用such。例如：

　　He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.

　　I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.

　　(5)either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…

　　这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，

　　谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：

　　Either you or he is wrong.

　　Neither he nor his children like fish.

　　Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.

　　(6)although, but

　　这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is

　　over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.

　　(7)because, so

　　这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John

　　was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.

　　【实例解析】

　　---When will Mr Black come to Beijing?

　　---___________ September 5.

　　A. On B. To C. At D. In

　　答案：A。表示时间的介词的用法。表示某一天用介词on。

　　The boys felt sad as they lost ________ the girls in the talk show.

　　A. by B. in C. to D. on

　　答案：C。该题考查的是介词和动词的固定搭配。lose表示输给谁的时候用介词to。应选C。

　　---I like riding fast. It’s very exciting.

　　---Oh! You mustn’t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident.

　　A. and B. or C. so D. but

　　答案：B。该题考查的是并列连词的用法。答语的意思是“你不要那样做，否则会发生事故的。”在这四个并列连词中，只有or含有这样的意思，所以应选B。

　　John fell asleep ________ he was listening to the music.

　　A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as

　　答案：C。该题考查的是引导时间状语从句的常用从属连词的用法。本句的含义是“约翰在听音乐的时候睡着了。”表示在干某事时发生了某个事情” 通常用while。因此应选C。

　　【中考演练】

　　一. 单项填空

　　1. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning.

　　A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on

　　2. Where’s Lily? We are all here _______ her.

　　A. beside B. about C. except D. with

　　3. She sent her friend a postcard _______ a birthday present.

　　A. on B. as C. for D. of

　　4. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _______ the year of 2000.

　　A. since B. in C. on D. by

　　5. ---What is a writing brush, do you know?

　　---It’s _______ writing and drawing.

　　A. with B. to C. for D. by

　　6. English is widely used ______ travellers and business people all over the world.

　　A. to B. for C. as D. by

　　7. ______ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students.

　　A. Under B. In C. With D. On

　　8. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.

　　A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in

　　9. ---You’d better not go out now. It’s raining.

　　---It doesn’t matter. My new coat can keep ______ rain.

　　A. in B. of C. with D. off

　　10. Japan lies ______ the east of China.

　　A. to B. in C. about D. at

　　11. ---Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008?

　　---I don’t think so. Now ______ the young ______ the old can speak some English.

　　A. either…or B. not only… but also

　　C. neither…nor D. both…or

　　12. We didn’t catch the train _______ we left late.

　　A. so B. because C. but D. though

　　13. Tom failed in the exam again _______ he wanted to pass it very much.

　　A. if B. so C. though D. as

　　14. I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words ______ I have tested him myself.

　　A. after B. when C. if D. until

　　15. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours ______ he realized it.

　　A. when B. until C. after D. before

　　16. ---This dress was last year’s style.

　　---I think it still looks perfect ______ it has gone out this year.

　　A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since

　　17. Hurry up, _______ you will miss the train.

　　A. and B. so C. however D. or

　　18. The mountain was ______ steep _____ few people in our city reached the top.

　　A. so…as B. so…that C. as…as D. too…to

　　19. ---Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xi’an?

　　---Of course. I remember everything ______ it happened yesterday.

　　A. as soon as B. even though

　　C. rather than D. as if

　　20. ______ you can’t answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help.

　　A. Although B. While C. Whether D. Since

　　二. 用适当的介词填空

　　1. ---How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?

　　---I’m going there _______ my car.

　　2. Mum, today is Mother’s Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _____ us at Zhonglou Restaurant.

　　3. Hangzhou is famous ______ the West Lake.

　　4. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures ______ a camera.

　　5. Could you tell me if there is a flight to the capital ______ March, 25th?

　　6. We all agree ______ you. Let’s start at once.

　　7. There is a big shop ______ the other side of the road.

　　8. ---Which necklace have you lost?

　　---The one you gave me _____ my birthday.

　　9. You should take more exercise. It’s good ______ your health.

　　10. It is clear that fish cannot live _______ water.

　　三. 用适当的连词填空

　　1. ______ they are brothers, they don’t look like each other at all.

　　2. The dress was very expensive, ______ I didn’t buy it.

　　3. ---Do you know ______ I could pass the exam?

　　---Sorry, I’ve no idea.

　　4. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, ______ he can’t understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.

　　5. The war was over about a year ago, ______ the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with.

　　6. ---Is David at school today?

　　---No. He is at home _______ he has a bad cold.

　　7. _____ Lily _____ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.

　　8. Study hard, _____ you are sure to have a good result in the exam.

　　9. Please have a wash _______ you go to bed.

　　10. The twins have learned a lot ______ they came to China.

　　初中英语介词知识点

　　一、表示时间的介词

　　时间介词有in , on，at，after，since，during,by,before,after,until等，前三个介词用法有个口诀：at午夜、点与分，上午、下午、晚用in。

　　年、月、年月、季节、周，之前加上介词in。

　　将来时态多久后，这些情形亦用in。

　　日子、日期、年月日，星期之前要用on。

　　其余几组常见的时间介词辨析如下辨析如下：

　　1、时间介词in与after的用法辨析

　　介词in +一段时间用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go to school in two weeks.

　　介词after +一段时间用于一般过去时。如：My mother came home after half an hour.

　　介词after +时间点常用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go out for a walk after supper.

　　2、时间介词for与since的用法辨析

　　介词for表示一段时间如：I have been living here for 10 years.

　　介词since表示从过去某一时间以来如：I have been living here since 2000.

　　3、时间介词before与by的用法辨析

　　介词before表示“在…之前”如：He won’t come back before five .

　　介词by表示“到…时为止，不迟于…”如：The work must be finished by Friday.

　　4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析

　　当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如：He swims every day during the summer.

　　如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如：I haven’t seen her for years.

　　5、时间介词till与until用法的异同

　　till和until用在肯定句中，均可表示“直到…为止”，如：I will wait till（until）seven oclock．

　　till和until用在否定句中，均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。

　　如：Tom didnt come back till（until）midnight．

　　till多用于普通文体，而until则用于多种文体，并且在句子开头时，用until而不用till如：Until he comes back，nothing can be done．

　　注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every等词之前一律不用介词。

　　二、表示方位的介词

　　常用的表示方位的介词用法及辨析如下：

　　1、方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析

　　介词on表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起，如：The book is on the table.

　　介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”，如：Is there any bridge over the river?

　　介词above表示一般的“高于…”，“在…之上”，如：There was an electric clock above his bed.

　　2、方位介词under与below的用法辨析

　　介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”，如：They were seen under the tree.

　　介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”，“在…之下”，如：They live below us.

　　3、方位介词across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析

　　介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”，强调从表面穿过。

　　如：She went across the street to make some purchases.

　　介词through着重于“穿越”，强调从一定的空间内穿过。

　　如：The sunlight was coming in through the window.

　　介词over多表示从“上方越过”，如：He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.

　　介词past表示从“面前经过”，如：Someone has just gone past the window.

　　4、地点介词at与in的用法辨析

　　介词at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等，如：He lives at a small village.

　　介词in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等，如：He lives in Beijing.

　　5、表示东南西北的时候，地点介词in、on、to的用法辨析

　　介词in表示“包含”如：Beijing is in the north of China.

　　介词on表示“紧邻”如：Canada lies on the north of the U.S.

　　介词to表示“没接触”如：France lies to the south of England.

　　三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词：by,in,on,with.

　　1、by,in,on,表示交通方式。用by时，交通工具前不用任何词；用in和on时，交通工具前用冠词或形容词性物主代词。例如by car=in a car,by bike=on a bike.

　　2、表示手段或工具，with后跟具体工具，如I write with a pen;in表示使用某种语言或墨水、颜色等原料，例如：in English.

　　四、介词的固定搭配

　　across from在对面

　　look for寻找

　　look after照顾

　　get on with与某人相处

　　agree with同意（某人）

　　arrive at(in)到达

　　ask for询问

　　begin…with从……开始

　　believe in相信

　　break off打断

　　break out爆发

　　bring down降低

　　bring in引进

　　bring up教育，培养

　　build up建起

　　burn down烧光

　　call back回电话

　　call for要求约请

　　call on拜访访问

　　care for喜欢

　　carry on继续开展

　　carry out实行开展

　　check out查明结帐

　　come about发生，产生

　　come out出来

　　come to共计达到

　　compare…with与……比较

　　compare to比作

　　cut off切断

　　date from始于

　　depend on依靠

　　devote to献于

　　die out灭亡

　　divide up分配

　　dream of梦想

　　fall off下降

　　fall over跌倒

　　feed on以……为食

　　get down to专心于

　　get through通过

　　初中英语连词知识点

　　一、表示并列关系的连词有：

　　and,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,not only…but also，as well as

　　1．and“和，并且”，连接对等的词句。（在否定句中要用or连接。）

　　I like physics and chemistry.我喜欢物理和化学。

　　I don’t like physics or chemistry.我不喜欢物理和化学。

　　2．both…and“……和……都”

　　Both Jim and Mary went to the cinema yesterday.昨天吉姆和玛丽都去看电影了。

　　Exercise is good both for body and for mind.运动有益于身心。

　　3．neither…nor两者皆不

　　He neither smokes nor drinks.他既不抽烟又不喝酒。

　　I like neither swimming nor skating.我既不喜欢游泳，又不喜欢溜冰。

　　4．either…or不是…就是…，或者…或者….。

　　Either you come to the office now,or wait for me at home.

　　你要么现在到办公室来，要么就在家等着。

　　Either he or I will leave.不是他就是我将要离开。

　　5．not only…but(also)不但……而且……(not only…but also中的also可以省略。)

　　Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她错了，我也错了。

　　He not only made a promise,but kept it.他不仅许诺，而且做到了。

　　6．as well as也、又

　　We will rescue Henry as well as you.除了你，我们还要营救亨利。

　　He likes basketball as well as football.除了足球，他还喜欢篮球。

　　二、常用的从属连词：

　　（一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,since,until,after,before,as soon as

　　1．when当……时

　　When we got there,the meeting had begun.我们到时，会议已经开始了。

　　It was raining when she arrived at the station.她到达车站时，正在下雨。588.es

　　2．while正当……时，正在……时。（while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常常用进行时。

　　Don’t make any noise while others are reading.别人读书时不要制造噪音。

　　She sang while she was walking.她边走边唱。

　　3．since自从

　　It’s just a month since we arrived here.我们到这儿刚好一月了。

　　My mother has been ill since I left home.自从我离开家我妈妈就一直生病。

　　4．until直到……为止

　　Until you told me,I knew nothing at all about it.在我告诉我之前，我对此之外无所知。

　　He didn’t appear until the meeting had begun.直到会议开始他才露面。

　　5．before在……之前

　　after在……之后

　　I’ll phone you after I arrive.我到达之后给你打电话。

　　Say goodbye before you go.你走之前要说再见。

　　6．as soon as一……就

　　I’ll visit you as soon as I come back.我一回来就去拜访你。

　　Please tell him as soon as you see him.你一看见他就请告诉他。

　　（二）引导原因状语从句的连词：because,since,as,for,now that

　　1．because因为(because与so不能并用。)

　　I can’t believe in him because he isn’t honest.我不能信任他，因为他不诚实。

　　She didn’t come because she didn’t know it.她没有来，因为她不知道。

　　2．since既然

　　Since he says so,it must be true.既然他这么说，那一定是真的。

　　Since you ask,I will tell you.你既然问，我就告诉你。

　　3．as因为，由于

　　As we are hungry,let’s have supper.由于大家饿了，我们就吃晚饭吧。

　　Mother began to worry about my brother as it was getting dark.

　　由于天越来越黑，妈妈开始为哥哥着急。

　　4．for因为

　　We cant go for it is raining.我们不能走，因为正在下雨。

　　I enjoyed myself at the party for I knew all the guests well.

　　我在晚会上玩得很尽兴，因为所有的个人我都很熟悉。

　　5．now that既然

　　Now that he is unhappy,let’s leave him alone.既然他不高兴，我们就让他自己呆着吧。

　　Now that she feels sorry,please forgive her.既然她很后悔，就请原谅她吧。

　　（三）引导结果状语从句：so…that,such…that

　　1．so…that如此……以致

　　She is so tired that he can’t go any further.她太累了，不能再走了。

　　She is so big a cat that she can’t get into the hole.这猫太大了钻不进这洞。

　　2．such…that如此……以致

　　It’s such a beautiful place that I wouldn’t come back.这地方太美了，令我留恋返。

　　It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.

　　天气这么好，许多人都到公园里来玩乐。

　　（四）引导目的状语从句的连词：so that,in order that以便

　　They hurried so that they can get there on time.他们加快了速度，为的是能够按时到达。

　　I hired a boat in order that I can go fishing.为了去钓鱼，我租了条小船。

　　（五）引导比较状语从句的连词：than,as…as

　　He is taller than his brother.他比他兄弟高。

　　She could draw as well as her teacher.她能画得跟她的老师一样好。

　　（六）引导让步状语从句的连词：though,although（though与although的用法基本一样）

　　Although it rained hard,he still went out.尽管雨下得很大，他还是出去了。

　　Even though I have enough time,I don’t want to go there with him.

　　尽管我有时间，可我并不想跟他去那。

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