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职称英语考试理工类模拟题
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。
1. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.
A force
B influence
C surprise
D power
2. Can you follow the plot?
A change
B investigate
C write
D understand
3. Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.
A physical
B mental
C natural
D hard
4. In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.
A result
B judgment
C decision
D event
5. Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions.
A statements
B beliefs
C suggestions
D claims
6. Up to now, the work has been easy.
A So
B So long
C So that
D So far
7. The report advocated setting up day training colleges.
A supposed
B excited
C suggested
D discussed
8. Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.
A Therefore
B Afterwards
C However
D Furthermore
9. The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.
A view
B sight
C look
D point
10. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.
A tensely
B nearly
C carefully
D closely
11. The union representative put across her argument very effectively.
A explained
B invented
C considered
D accepted
12. He talks tough but has a tender heart.
A heavy
B strong
C kind
D wild
13. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.
A making
B taking
C discussing
D expecting
14. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.
A waste
B buy
C use
D sell
15. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.
A function
B ability
C power
D volume
第2部分：阅读判断(第1～7题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Irradiating Food
Irradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standards, and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation -- gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X rays -- and sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation.
1. According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2. There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing irritated foods.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
3. Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
4. Some companies foresee the promising future of setting up food processing factories, although they do not see the need now.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
5. It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
6. Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
7. The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试 任务：(1)1-3题 要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第4-7题 要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
Radio and Television
There are few homes in Britain today that do not have either a radio or television set. Both of them have become an essential part of our life, keeping us informed of the news of the day, instructing us in many field of interest, and entertaining us with singing, dancing and acting.
Marconi, the Italian inventor who gave us the radio, probably didn’t realize what effects his great invention would have on the world in the years to come. Radio has, perhaps, had as much influence on the world as any other communications device. Events of universal interest can be reported to the entire globe a few seconds after they happen. Explorers in remote areas, ships at sea, even astronauts circling the earth are able to keep in touch with civilization by means of radio.
Television is another major instrument of communication, permitting us to see as well as to hear the performer. Since its appearance, TV has had a tremendous effect on the daily life of people everywhere.
Improvements of all kinds are constantly being made in television so that reception will be as close to perfect as possible. Perhaps the most recent advancement of significance has been "Telstar". The specially-equipped space capsule, orbiting the globe, make it possible for the entire world to be closer than ever before. Now a family in Manchester can watch on TV a football match in France , a ski tournament in Norway, or a parade in Japan as these events are actually happening.
EXERCISE：
1. Paragraph 1____________.
2. Paragraph 2____________.
3. Paragraph 4____________.
A) The popularity radio and TV in Britain
B) The invention of the radio
C) The latest development of TV
D) The importance of the radio
4. In today’s world radio and TV have become ___________.
5. People make constant efforts to improve __________.
6. A telstar is a satellite that _____________.
7. With the help of the telsar, events can be reported to listeners and viewers and almost _____.
A) at the same time as they occur
B) a basic necessity of life
C) sends out signals all the time
D) travels around the globe
E) the reception of their TV sets
第4部分：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 Natural Medicine
Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely.
They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.
Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured, how? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however.
Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of today's' most serious diseases.
Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature.
Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists' interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because the earth's supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.
1. The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury and disease were
A. much more successful than modern ones.
B. successful in all cases.
C. successful enough for humans to survive
D. of little help to humans
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Many big and modern hospitals are expensive.
B. Modern medicines are now available all over the world.
C. Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.
D. Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.
3. It is believed by scientists that traditional medicine
A. can cure all kinds of diseases
B. are no longer useful for modern men
C. may cure some of today's most serious diseases.
D. are too cheap to be useful
4. What do the majority of the people in the world use for health care?
A. plants
B. factory-produced chemicals
C. modern medicines
D. strange and wonderful equipment
5. It can be seen from the passage that the earth's supply of natural medicines
A. may never be exhausted
B. is surprisingly big
C. may be dropping rapidly
D. is as rich as ever
第二篇 Medical Education
In 18th-century colonial America, those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional schools of London, Paris, and Edinburgh. Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the University of Pennsylvania, beginning in 1765, and in 1767 at King's College (now Columbia University), the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine. Following the American Revolution, the Columbia medical faculty (formerly of King's College) was combined with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, chartered in 1809, which survives as a division of Columbia University.
In 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical School required all applicants to have a college degree and was the first to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital. The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions Of learning went together with the development of proprietary (私营的) schools of medicine run for personal profit, most of which had low standards and poor facilities. In 1910 Abraham Flexner, the American education reformer, wrote Medical Education in the United States and Canada, exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools. Subsequently, the American Medical Association (AMA) and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) laid. down standards for course content, qualifications of teachers, laboratory facilities, connection with teaching hospitals and licensing of medical practitioners (开业医师) that survive to this day.
By the late 1980s the U.S. and Canada had 142 4-year medical colleges recognized by the Liaison (联络) Committee on Medical Education to offer the M.D. degree; during the 1987-88 academic year, 47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11,752 men and 5,958 women were graduated. Graduates, after a year of internship (实习期), receive licenses to practice if they pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners.
6 In 18th-century America, higher institutions of learning that taught medicine
A did not exist.
B were few in number.
C were better than those in Europe.
D were known for their teaching hospitals.
7 Initially most proprietary schools of medicine in America
A had established professionals.
B had good facilities.
C had high standards.
D were in poor conditions.
8 The AMA and AAMC established standards so as to
A recruit more students.
B set up more schools of medicine.
C ensure the quality of medical teaching and practice.
D prevent medical schools from making huge profits.
9 After a year of internship medical graduates can start to practice
A if they have worked in a laboratory.
B if they have studied abroad for some time.
C if they have obtained an M.D. degree.
D if they have passed an examination.
10 This passage is mainly about
A how medicine is taught in America.
B how medical education has developed in America
C how the American educational system works.
D how one can become a good doctor.
第三篇 More Than a Ride to School
The National Education Association claims, "The school bus is a mirror of the community." They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right —— sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl.
Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl's bus driver, since kindergarten. Last year when Liesl's family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus.
This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, "It's been a great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when you're a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important." Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.
Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company. Larry AIthouse, president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardy's outstanding record: "You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles. Hardy's reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus."
Althouse further adds, "Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come."
Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesl's mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy's bus to the Octorara School District.
11 The word "mirror" in the first line could be best replaced by
A "vehicle".
B "device".
C "need".
D "reflection".
12 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company
A for 30 years.
B for 70 years.
C since last year.
D since 2000.
13 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
A He is popular with his passengers.
B He has never missed a day of work.
C He is an impatient person.
D He has driven 350,000 accident free miles.
14 Althouse Bus Company was founded by
A Larry Althouse.
B Althouse's grandfather.
C Liesl's mother.
D Ashley Batista.
15 AIthouse Bus Company pays much attention to
A employing young drivers.
B running quality schools.
C providing free driving lessons.
D building sound relationships.
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
The Story of Lani
Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。“She’s very good about it ”says her father David.Lani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way;when she was one year old she received part of her father’s liver in a liver—transplant operation.Lani was born with a liver illness . __________ (46) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would live.
The operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，one for the father and one for thedaughter __________ (47)In these cases，the donor’s liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。and t11e child’s liver becomes smaller.
Lani spent three weeks in hospital after the operation.Because the receiver’s body tries to reject the new organ，the patient has to be given special drugs __________ (48)
Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didn’t return to work until after three months.In order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscle.It therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation. __________ (49)So far，only 16 of these liver—transplant operations have been carried out in Britain. __________ (50)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent.”
Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.
A She had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successful.
B While these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a cold.
C In this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250--300 grams，was removed from the father and transplanted into the daughter.
D David quickly recovered from the operation.
E However, they are more common in North America and Japan.
F David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.
第6部分：完形填空
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
The White House
We got up early this morning and __1__ a long walk after breakfast. We walked through the business section of the city. I told you yesterday that the city was larger__2__ I thought it would be. __3__ the business section is smaller than I thought it would be. I suppose that's__4__ Washington is a special kind of city. __5__the people in Washington work for the government. A bout 9：30 we went to the White House. It's__6__ to the public from 10 till12, and there was a long line of people waiting to get in. We didn't have to wait very long, because the line moved __7__quickly.
The White House is really white. It is painted every year. And it seems very white， because it's got beautiful lawns all around it, ____8____many trees and shrubs. The grounds__9__ about four square blocks. I mean, they're about two blocks long__10__ each side. Of course, we didn't see the whole building. The part__11__the President lives and works is not open to the public. But the part we saw was beautiful. We went through five of the main rooms. One of them was the library, on the ground floor. On the next floor, there are three rooms named__12__ the colors that are used in them： the Red Room, the Blue Room, and the Green Room. The walls are covered with silk__13__. There are__14__ old furniture, from the time__15__ the White House was first built. And everywhere there are paintings and statues of former presidents and other famous people from history.
1. A) made B) did C)took D) got
2. A) than B) as C) so D) like
3. A) But B) Yes C) So D) Then
4. A) since B) as C) because D) because of
5. A) Much of B) Most of C) A lot D) Lots
6. A) open B) opening C) being opened D) opened
7. A) pretty B) little C) much D) very much
8. A) / B) having C) with D) together
9. A) include B) cost C) cover D) spread
10. A) by B) on C) for D) with
11. A) which B) what C) that D) where
12. A) by B) for C) after D) before
13. A) cloth B) clothes C) clothing D) cloths
14. A) Much pieces of B) many pieces of C) many a D) a great many
15. A) that B) which C) who D) when
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