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2016年职称英语《综合类B级》全真试卷及答案
第1部分：词汇选项(第1-1 5 题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有下画线，请为每处画线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。
1. He is in a rather difficult situationat present.
A. location B. position C. preparation D. station
2. It is hard for m e to give you a definite answer.
A. sure B. correct C. real D. clear
3. The police arrested the suspect yesterday and released him this morning.
A. freed B. relieved C. kicked D. liberated
4. On behalf of everyone in this party, I wish you a very happy birthday.
A. Presenting B. Assisting C. Representing D. Cheating
5. It is said that Joe comes from a wealthy family.
A. poor B. large C. rich D. happy
6. Even though his parents wanted him to become a doctor, Peter, chose his vocation as a writer.
A. vacation B. profession C. work D. variety
7. The plane will be taking off in approximately 10 minutes.
A. about B. possibly C. probably D. rarely
8. D o you have any pen friends?
A. children B. pals C. writers D. students
9. There w as a rapid increase in population in the last century.
A. slow B. high C. shocking D. quick
10. Because of gambling, his debt has amounted to 20,000 dollars.
A. reached B. lost C. arrived D. rose
11. Human beings cannot exist without air.
A. live B. breathe C. exercise D. grow
12. T he gold medal w o n by two Chinese girls in the w o m e n ’s doubles of tennis is of great significance.
A. happiness B. difficulty C. importance D. impatience
13. Safety is always our primary concern.
A. least B. secondary C. last D. chief
14. Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous.
A. unheard of B. unacceptable C. unbelievable D. ridiculous
15. The boy ahead of m e is m y classmate.
A. at the back of B. behind C. in front of D. in the front of
第2 部分：阅读判断(第16-2 2 题，每题1 分，共7 分}
下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信 息，请选择A ; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。
The Sea
What do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty w h e n the sun is shining on it. W e also k n o w that it can be very rough w h e n there is a strong wind. W h a t other things do w e k n o w about it? The first thing to r emember is that the sea is very big. W h e n you look at the m a p of the world you will find there is more water than land. T h e sea covers tbree quarters of the world.
The sea is also very deep in so m e places. It is not deep everywhere. S o m e parts of the sea are very shallow. But in so m e places the depth of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers deep! T h e highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it! W h a t a deep place!
If you have swum in the sea, you k n o w that it is salty. Y o u can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. S o m e parts of the sea are saltier than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the D e a d Sea!
In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. S o m e live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating these.
The sea can be very cold. Divers, w h o go deep d o w n in the sea, k n o w this. On the top the water m a y be warm. W h e n the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. W h e n the diver goes deeper, the water above presses d o w n on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes m a d e of metal. But he cannot go very deep. S o m e people w h o wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went d o w n to the deepest part of the sea in it. T h e y went d o w n to a depth of eleven kilometers!
16. T h e sea looks beautiful w h e n it is calm.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
17. T he land takes up 2 5 % of the world.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
18. T h e sea is 6 kilometers in depth on average.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
19. T h e D e a d Sea is so salty that nothing can live in it.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
20. T h e deeper one goes d o w n in the sea, the fewer fishes and plants he can find.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
21. The deeper a diver goes d o w n in the sea, the greater water pressure he bears.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
22. Divers have to use a very strong diving ship w h e n they want to go d o w n to the deepest part of the sea mainly because it is extremely cold here.
A. Right B. W r o n g C. Not mentioned
Carl Sagan
1 “N o one has ever succeeded in conveying the wonder and joy of science as widely and few as wells.” That praise was given on Carl Sagan w h e n he w a s honored with the Public Welfare Medal, the highest award given by the National Academy of Science. On 20 December 1996，Carl Sagan died at age 62 of pneumonia. In m y experience, he w a s m u c h m ore than a prominent popularizer. H e w a s a brilliant scientist with solid achievements.
2 I first met S a w n at a meeting of the A A A S , the American Association for the Advancement of Science, were he took part in a session on the Viking Mars Project. W h e n Viking landed on Mars in 1976，it was at a site he had helped select. Then I interviewed h i m in Washington, D.C.，after Mariner had sent back spectacular pictures of the Martian surface. Sagan had acted as a head of one of Mariner’s imaging teams. The interview, “Close-up Photos Reveal a Turbulent Mars,” appeared in Popular Sciences in September 1976.
3 I had originally headlined the story “The R e d Planet Isn’t Dead,” but Sagan asked m e to change it. “I’m in enough hot waters with so m e of m y colleagues as it is,” he said, referring to the anger felt by some scientists over his growing fame as a popularizer. That fame reached a zenith during his 1980 television series “Cosmos ，” with an audience of 400 million people in 60 countries. Along the way, he captured Pulitzer Prize for his book The Dragons of Eden.
4 He was noted for the vigor of his logic style, especially w h e n criticizing some piece of pseudoscience. I remembered a 1973 A A A S meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanual Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted, Velikovsky said, in the bible.
5 Sagan was often heard observing that drawings of flying saucers never included a door. “ H o w did those creatures of outer space get in and out?” he once asked. On c e he said that pseudoscience is embraced in exact proportion as real science is misunderstood.
A Satan as a Science Popularizer
B Honor Sagan Enjoyed
C Sagan’s Publications
D Description of tie First Meeting with Sagan
E Sagan’s Criticism on Pseudoscience
F Sagan in Trouble with Other Scientists
23. Paragraph 1
24. Paragraph 2
25. Paragraph 3
26. Paragraph 5
27. In Sagan’s opinion, Velikovsky might be _____ .
28. With C o s m o s and others, Sagan enjoyed his fame as_____ .
29. F r o m the passage, w e m a y conclude that the author of the passage m a y be_____.
30. F r o m the description w e k n o w that Sagan was _____.
A a member of the National Acade my of Science
B a pseudo-scientist
C a science popularizer
D a reporter
E an astronomer
F a physicist
第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3 1-4 5 题，每题3 分，共 45 分)
下面有3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个最佳选项。
第一篇 Immigration and Problems
Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the U S filled streets all over America in early 2006. M a n y held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens—not criminals. M a n y of these supported legislation from Senator John M c C a i n that would open a path to citizenship to immigrants who were already in the country illegally. Proposed legislation from other politicians called for stricter measures—including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their h o m e countries.
Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. S o m e want to keep the doors open. They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics. However, all this growth means that cities need to adapt. New comers don ’t always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring ( 辅导)programs to help new immigrants find proper jobs.
With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and showing no sign of abating (减少)， the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There will be no more mass amnesties (特赦 ) for illegals, and anyone coining to Spain without permission will be sent back, the government has announced. About 23,000 migrants landed on the islands in 2006, and riots have erupted in s o m e crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to the United Nations for help.
France’s new immigration and integration law gives the government n e w powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. T h e n e w law authorizes the government will help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. T he selected foreign employees will be granted “skills and talents” visas valid for three years. But so m e people s h o w the concern that it’ll cause brain drain in developing countries.
31. M a n y immigrants in the U S took to the streets in early 2006, demanding that_____ .
A. John McCain be removed
B. they be sent back h o m e
C. they be treated as citizens
D. their culture be protected
32. T h e expression “rounding u p ” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by_____ .
A. encircling
B. separating
C. arresting
D. frightening
33. Canada is not very strict with immigration applications because_____ .
A. it is a large country
B. it is suffering from labor shortage
C. its population is decreasing
D. it is a multicultural country
34. T o solve the immigration problem, the Spanish Government has decided_____ .
A. to take tough measures against illegal immigration
B. to let immigrants freely enter the country
C. to integrate immigrants into the Spanish culture
D. to help immigrants find propef jobs
35. After France’s n e w immigration and integration law takes effect, it will_____ .
A. encourage overseas students to return h o m e
B. bring d a m a g e to the unity of the countiy
C. arouse anger a m o n g French workers
D. m a k e it hard for developing countries to keep talents
第一篇 One—room Schools
One-room schools are part of the heritage of the United States, and the mention of them makes people feel a vague long for the w a y things were. One-room schools are an endangered species. However, for more than a hundred years, one-room schools have been systematically shut d o w n and their students sent a w a y to centralized schools. A s recently as 1930，there were 149,000 one-room schools in the United States. B y 1970 there were 1,800. Today, of nearly 800 remaining one-room schools more than 350 are in Nebraska. T he rest are scattered through a few other states that have on their road m a p s wide-open spaces between towns.
Now that there are hardly any left, educators are beginning to think that m a y b e there is something yet to be learned from one-room schools, something that served the pioneers that might serve as well today. Progressive educators have come up with progressive-sounding names like“ peer-group teaching” and “ multi-age grouping” for educational procedures that occur naturally in the one-room schools. In a one-room school the children teach each other because the teacher is busy part of ttie time teaching someone else. A fourth grader can work at a fifth-grade level in math and a third-grade level in English without the stigma associated with being left back or the pressures of being skipped ahead. A youngster with a learning disability can find his or her o w n level without being separated from the other pupils. In larger urban and suburban schools today this is called mainstreaming. A few hours in a small school that has only one classroom and it becomes clear w h y so many parents feel that one of the advantages of living in Nebraska is that their children have to go to a one-room school.
36. We learn from the first paragraph that one-room schools _____ .
A. are the best in Nebraska
B. are becoming more and more centralized
C. have has a strong influence on American people
D. need to be shut down
37. One-room schools are in danger of disappearing because_____ .
A. there has been a trend towards centralization
B. they cannot get top students
C. they exist only in one state
D. children have to teach themselves
38. A major characteristic of the one-room school system is that _____ .
A. learning is not limited to one grade level
B. pupils mostly study math and English
C. s o m e children have to be left back
D. teachers are always busy
39. It can be learned from paragraph 2 that m a n y parents in Nebraska_____ .
A. d o n ’t like centralized schools
B. c o m e from other states
C. received education in one-room schools
D. prefer rural life
40. What is the author’s attitude towards one-room schools?
A. Critical B. Hu m o r o u s C. Angry D. Praising
第三篇 Britain ’s Solo Sailor
Ellen MacArthur started sailing w h e n she w a s eight, going out on sailing trips with her aunt.
She loved it so m u c h that she saved her m o n e y for three years to buy her first small sailing boat. W h e n she w a s 18，she sailed alone around Britain and w o n the “Y o u n g Sailor of the Year” award.
But Ellen really bec a m e famous in 2001. A g e d only 24，she w a s one of only two w o m e n w h o entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race, which lasts 100 days. Despite m a n y problems, she c a m e second in the race out of 24 competitors and she w a s given a very w a r m w elcome w h e n she returned.
Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen’s personality. W h e n she w a s younger, she lived in a kind of hut for three years while she w a s trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race. T h e n she took a one-way ticket to France, bought a tiny seven meter class mini yacht, slept under it while she was repairing it, and then she raced it 4,000 kilometers across the Atlantic in 1997, alone for 33 days.
Ellen has had to learn m a n y things, because sailing single-handed means that she has to be her o w n captain, electrician, sail maker, engineer, doctor, journalist, cameraman and cook. She also has to be very fit, and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time she，s in the middle of the ocean, she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
And she needs courage. Once, In the middle of the ocean, she had to climb the mast of a boat to repair the sails at four o ’clock in the morning, with lOOkph winds blowing around her. It took her m a n y hours to m a k e the repairs. Ellen says, “I w a s exhausted w h e n I c a m e down. It’s hard to describe h o w it feels to be up there. It’s like trying to hold onto a big pole, which for m e is just too big to get m y altos around, with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off.”
But in her diary, Ellen also describes m o m e n t s which m a k e it all worthwhile: “A beautiful sunrise started the day, with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun. I have a very strong feeling of pleasure，being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this. I just feel lucky to be here.”
41. In the Ven d e e Globe race, Ellen w o n _____ .
A. a gold medal
B. the “Best W o m e n Sailor” award
C. the second place
D. the “Y o u n g Sailor of the Year” award
42. Ellen lived in a kind of hut for three years_____ .
A. because she w a s interested in country life
B. because she w a s ambitious for the coming race
C. while she w a s learning h o w to repair sails
D. while she w a s tiying to get financial support for a race
43. T h e w o r d “solo” in the title could be best replaced b y _____ .
A. self-starter
B. single-handed
C. one performer
D. self-made
44. According to paragraph 4 ，which of the following statements is N O T true?
A. She has to be her o w n teacher.
B. She has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
C. She has to be very fit.
D. She has to learn to repair sails.
45. H o w does Ellen feel about the Vendee Globe race?
A. It is surprising.
B. It is relaxing.
C. It is dangerous.
D. It is enjoyable.
第5 部分：补全短文 (第 46-50 题，每题2 分，共10 分)
下面的短文有5 处空白，短文后有6 个句子，其中5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有 位置，以恢复文章原貌。
Mobile Phones
Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. A n d no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobody ’s going to drop dead overnight but w e should be asking for more scientific information,” Robert Bell said at a conference on the health
effects of low-level radiation. 46
A report widely circulated a m o n g the public says that up to n o w scientists do not really k n o w enough to guarantee there are no ill-effects on hum a n s from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day. 47
A s well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, m a n y in high density residential areas. 48 The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents.
Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 meter radius of school grounds, child care centers, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children, 49 H e adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates. 50 According to
Robert bell, it is reasonable for tire major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.
A. H e says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.
B. B y the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one for every two people.
C.“If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.
D. Then w h o finances the research?
E. For example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.
F. T he conclusion is that mobile phones bring more harm than benefit.
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