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2018年职称英语卫生A阅读题每日一练
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We all feel sad at times. However, clinical depression is a serious matter. Clinical depression sometimes called major depression is a biologically based brain disorder that affects one's thoughts, feelings, behavior, and physical health. When people complain that they feel terrible, they have no interest or take no pleasure in things, have trouble sleeping, lack energy, have poor appetite, or cannot concentrate, depression is a definite possibility.
2 Depression in its many forms affects more than 6.5 million of the 35 million Americans who are 65 years or older. Most older people with depression have been suffering from episodes(发作)of the illness during much of their lives. For others, depression has a first onset(起病)in late life-even for those in their 80s and 90s. Depression in older persons is closely associated with dependency and disability and causes great suffering for the individual and the family.
3 Many older people and their families don't recognize the symptoms of depression, aren't aware that it is a medical illness and don't know how it is treated. Others may mistake the symptoms of depression as signs of dementia(痴呆). Also, many older people think that depression is a character flaw(缺陷)and are worried about being stigmatized(给…带来耻辱), so they blame themselves for their illness and are too ashamed(羞耻的)to get help. Others worry that treatment would be too costly.
4 Older persons with depression rarely seek treatment for the illness. Unrecognized and untreated depression has fatal consequences in terms of both suicide and non-suicide mortality(死亡率). The highest rate of suicide in the US is among older white men. Depression is the single most significant risk factor for suicide in that population. Tragically, many of those people who go on to commit suicide have reached out for help-20% see a doctor the day they die,40%the week they die and 70%in the month they die。Yet depression is frequently missed.
1 Paragraph 1__________
2 Paragraph 2__________
3 Paragraph 3__________
4 Paragraph 4__________
A How common is depression in later life ?
B What is depression?
C What relieves depression in older people?
D Why does depression in older people often go untreated?
E Can depression in older people be treated?
F What are the consequences of untreated depression in older people?
5 Clinical depression is different from .
6 Depression in older people is strongly linked with .
7 Depression is regarded by many older people as .
8 Many older people commit suicide as a result of .
A a character flaw
B normal sadness and grief
C a definite possibility
D dependency and disability
E a significant factor
F unrecognized and untreated depression
参考答案：
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. F 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. F
答案解析：
1. 第一步利用排除法，在第一段中，作者没有提到older people，所以先排除C,D,E,F四个选项。在第一段中，作者解释了什么事抑郁，以及抑郁的一些症状，所以答案选择B。
2. 在第二段中，作者主要讲了depression抑郁在老年人生活中的普遍性，通过6.5 million，35 million这些数字可以知道它的影响之大，除此之外，文中海提到Most older people with depression大多数人患有抑郁，总体来说，第二段叙述的是抑郁病的普遍性，所以答案选择A。
3. 在第三段中，有一个重复出现的关键词treat(ed)，所以答案锁定在D和E中。在本段中，作者主要讲了很多老年人不去治疗的原因，因为他们没有能够正 确地了解这种病。而E选项的意思是说抑郁是否可以治疗，太片面;D选项意思是为什么老年人不去治疗抑郁症，所以答案选择D。
4. 这道题的做题方法是关键词回归定位，在本段中第二句作者就说道了untreated depression has fatal consequences，在所有的选项中只有F有consequences of untreated depression，所以答案选择F。
5. 本体采用排除法，第一段最后一句话depression is a definite possibility.，故排除C;第二段倒数最后一句话Depression in older persons is closely associated with dependency and disability，故排除D;在第四段中Unrecognized and untreated depression，故排除F。第五段第三句话Depression is the single most significant risk factor，故排除E。而A本身就是错误的说法，抑郁不是性格缺陷，所以答案选择B。
6. 在第二段倒数最后一句话中Depression in older persons is closely associated with dependency and disability，associated with= linked with，所以答案选择D。
7. 在第三段的第三句中，many older people think that depression is a character flaw(缺陷)指出，很多老年人认为抑郁是一种性格缺陷，故答案选择A。
8. 首先大家要知道as a result of的意思是“由于，因为”的意思。在第五段中Unrecognized and untreated depression has fatal consequences in terms of both suicide and non-suicide mortality(死亡率)指出，根据自杀和不是自杀的死亡率，未被认出和未得到治疗的抑郁病会带来致命的后果，所以答案选择F。
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