2018年职称英语试题卫生C概括大意专项练习
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The Drink Your Body Needs Most
1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.
2 We lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches,and constipation (便秘) A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.
3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need.For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day.If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water.When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.
4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.
1. Paragraph 1 __________
2. Paragraph 2 __________
3. Paragraph 3 __________
4. Paragraph 4 __________
A. Ounces of water needed per day
B. Importance of water
C. Composition of water
D. Signs of dehydration
E. Supply of water
F. Necessity for bringing a bottle for water
5. You can't live
6. Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water__________.
7. The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related __________.
8. Don't forget to drink enough water even
A. in your body
B. without water
C. before long
D. for a change
E. on a busy day
F. to your weight
答案解析
1. B。文章第一段主要讲的是水对人体的重要性。人体约有60%——70%是由水组成的，体温的调节离不开水，滋养物运行到各器官离不开水，排除废物等也都离不开水。
2. D。文章第二段主要讲脱水的征兆，其中包括关节与肌肉的慢性疼痛、腰痛、头痛、便秘、口渴等。
3. A。文章第三段的主题句为首句，主要讲人体每天所需的基本饮水量以及一些特殊情况下所需的.饮水量。
4. F。文章第四段的主题句为前两句，主要讲随身携带水瓶及时饮水的必要性。
5. B。题干：__________你不能活。利用关键词可以定位到文章的第一段，可以得知，人若离开水是活不下去的。
6. A。题干：如果__________的水短缺，dehydration会发生。利用关键词可以定位到从文章的第二段，可知人体缺水便可产生脱水现象。
7. F。题干：身体每天需要的量与__________有关。利用关键词可以定位到文章第三段，即人体每天需饮水量与人的体重有密切关系。
8. E。题干：不要忘了喝足够的水，即使__________。利用关键词可以定位到第四段，可知即使再忙也不要忘了喝水。
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