职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题（精选5套）
在学习、工作中，我们都离不开考试真题，借助考试真题可以更好地考查参试者所掌握的知识和技能。大家知道什么样的考试真题才是规范的吗？下面是小编帮大家整理的职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题 1
part 1
第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分) 待补充
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇How Deafness Makes It Easier to Hear 题目暂无
Most people think of Beethoven’s hearing loss as an obstacle tocomposing music. However, he produced his most powerful works in the lastdecade of his life when he was completely deaf.
This is one of the most glorious cases of the triumph of will overadversity, but his biographer, Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. Solomonargues that Beethoven’s deafness “heightened” his achievement as a composer. Inhis deaf world Beethoven could experiment, free from the sounds of the outsideworld, free to create new forms and harmonies.
Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musical ability ofmusicians who become deaf. They continue to “hear” music with as much, orgreater, accuracy than if they were actually hearing it being played.
Michael Eagar, who died in 2003, became deaf at the age of 21. Hedescribed a fascinating phenomenon that happened within three months: “myformer musical experiences began to play back to me. I couldn’t differentiatebetween what I heard and real hearing. After many years, it is still rewardingto listen to these playbacks, to ‘hear’ music which is new to me and to findmany quiet accompaniments for all of my moods. ”
How is it that the world we see, touch, hear, and smell is both “outthere” and at the same time withinus? There is no better example of this connection between external stimulus andinternal perception than the cochlear implant. No man-made device could replacethe ability to hear. However, it might be possible to use the brain’sremarkable power to make sense of the electrical signals the implant produces.
When Michael Edgar first “switched on” his cochlear implant, thesounds he heard were not at all clear. Gradually, with much hard work, he beganto identify everyday sounds. For example, “The insistent ringing of the telephonebecame clear almost at once.”
The primary purpose of the implant is to allow communication withothers. When people spoke to Eagar, he heard their voices “coming through likea long-distance telephone call on a poor connection.” But when it came to hisbeloved music, the implant was of no help. When he wanted to appreciate music,Eagar played the piano. He said, “I play the piano as I used to and hear it inmy head at the same time. The movement of my fingers and the feel of the keysgive added ‘clarity’ to hearing in my head.”
Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in a way that is notperfect, but which can change their lives. Still, as Michael Eagar discovered,when it comes to musical harmonies, hearing is irrelevant. Even the mostamazing cochlear implants would have been useless to Beethoven as he composedhis Ninth Symphony at the end of his life.
part 2
第2部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的`是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】
German researchers have __ 1 __ a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection __ 2 __ sudden death from cardiac arrest.
In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases __ 3 __ by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have __ 4 __ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing __ 5 __ disruption to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices __ 6__ a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.
Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator __ 7 __ of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG. within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of __ 8__ blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data __ 9 __ .
The overwhelming __ 10 __ of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only __ 11__ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use __ 12__ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “__ 13 __ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based __ 14__ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show __ 15 __ the new software evaluates the data considerably better.
1.A come up B come up with C come up to D come up against
2.A to B for C with D from
3.A are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing
4.A easily B readily C frequently D already
5.A disease-producing B health-improving C life-threatening D error-correcting
6.A take in B take after C take on D take from
7.A capable B able C skillful D skilled
8.A chronic B acute C recurrent D persistent
9.A precisely B more precisely C precision D more precise
10.A maximum B minimum C majority D minority
11.A get B take C bring D fetch
12.A of B with C for D in
13.A Similarly B In this manner C 0therwise D In this way
14.A in B for C upon D with
15.A what B where C that D when
职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题 2
A proverb allegedly (据说) from ancient China was widely spread in the West：“If you want to be happy for a few hours，go to get drunk;if you want the happiness to last three years，get married：if you want a lifetime happiness，take up gardening.”The reason for the last option is this：Gardening is not only useful;it helps you to identify yourself with nature，and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.
A research of a US university that I’ve read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it specifically, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one’s life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.
Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to the study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not spell gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not cherish what they already have but yearn for what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers while reluctant to settle down with the woman beside him.
Happiness is a game balancing between two ends -- what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. one’s dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that tap his ability and potentiality; one who is proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide-range communication with others; he is helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to endure sufferings and frustrations; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily chores. He is a man capable of love and passion.
1.Gardening can bring lifelong happiness because
A.it is a profitable business.
B.it can improve a gardener’s ability to remake nature.
C.a gardener can enjoy a very happy relationship in marriage.
D.nature is an unexhausted source of joy
正确答案:D
2.The research of the US university found that most people feel happy when they
A.are at leisure.
B.take the job of gardening.
C.are after their goals.
D.own great properties.
正确答案:C
3.Why does the writer mention "a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers" (Lines 5 --6, Para. 3)?
A.To demonstrate the problem in marriage in modern society.
B.To illustrate a radical way to achieve happiness.
C.To criticize those who do not value what they already have.
D.To indicate that happiness covers something besides the desire to gain
正确答案:D
4.What kind of person is more likely to be unhappy according to the study?
A.The one who has self-respect and confidence.
B.The one who is ambitious without consideration of his actual situation.
C.The one who can take pleasure in communicating with others.
D.The one who are ready to render help and accept help from others.
正确答案:B
5.What is happiness?
A.A transitory state of mind.
B.Getting everything what one desires.
C.An all-working and no-leisure life.
D.A desire based on our actual situation.
正确答案:D
职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题 3
Long before the white man came to the America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees lived in What is now the southeastern part of the United States.
After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. 0ne Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible-there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using this own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.
In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?
The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death.
1. The Cherokee Nation used to live
A) on the American continent.
B) In the southeastern part of the US.
C) Beyond the Mississippi River.
D) In the western territory.
2. one of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of
A) writing down the spoken language.
B) Making word pictures.
C) Teaching his people reading.
D) Printing their own newspaper.
3. A law was passed in 1830 to
A) allow the Cherokees to stay where they were.
B) Send the army to help the Cherokees.
C) Force the Cherokees to move westward.
D) Forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper.
4. When the Cherokees began to leave their lands.
A) they went in carts.
B) They went on horseback.
C) They marched on foot.
D) All of the above.
5. Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because
A) they were not willing to go there.
B) The government did not provide transportation
C) They did not have enough food and clothes.
D) The journey was long and boring.
KEY: BACDC
职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题 4
Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk
Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of 1 so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London 2 in a new
study.
Statins reduce the 3 of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person’s heart attack 4 .
In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is 5 to offset the increase in heart attack risk from 6 a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.
Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 of the 7 effects of cheeseburgers and French fries.It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether.But we’ve worked out that in terms of your 8 of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same 9 as a fast food meal increases it.” “It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they 10 , but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are l 1 free of charge.It would cost less than 5 pence per 1 2 一not much different to a sachet of sugar.” Dr Francis said.
When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take 13 that lower their risk, 1ike 14 a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of 1 5 some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
练习：
1.A change B charge C chain D chance
2.A trust B decide C suggest D calculate
3.A number B amount C volume D product
4.A frequency B treatment C diagnosis D risk
5.A severe B enough C weak D active
6.A buying B preparing C eating D cooking
7.A unhealthy B strong C different D doubtful
8.A examination B suffering C determination D possibility
9.A degree B dimension C angle D range
10.A use B hate C reject D like
11.A transported B provided C preserved D convened
12.A cook B patient C customer D visitor
1 3.A measures B care C advantages D turns
14.A buying B wearing C cleaning D changing
1 5.A increasing B finding C lowering D taking
答案与题解：
1. B本文介绍说，吃汉堡包等快餐食品容易引发心脏病，而服用statin能降低心脏病发作的风险，一正一负正好抵消。statin 价格便宜，文章建议快餐店像免费供应调味品那样免费供应statin0 free of charge 是固定搭配，意为“免费”。选择charge 是对的。
2. C 本题要选suggest ，因为其他三个选项在意思上都不合适。此外，本句主句的谓语动词用了could (provide) ，委婉地含有“建议”的意思。所以suggest 是个不二的选择。
3.B 与降低unhealthy "LDL" cholesterol 搭配的一定是amount(量)，而不可能是number(数字)、volume(体积)或product (乘积)。
4.D从上下文判断，要降低(lower)的当然是risk。lower frequency(降低频率)、lower treatment(降低治疗)或lower diagnosis (降低诊断)与上下文的意思都不匹配。
5. B 本句表达的意思是：Dr Darrel Francis 在他的论文中说，经过计算，一粒statin 降低心脏病发作的风险足以抵消吃一个奶酪汉堡包和喝一杯奶昔所增加的患心脏病的风险。所以本题的答案是enough。
6. C 顾客不可能在快餐店里preparing cheeseburger 或cooking cheeseburger，而buyingcheeseburger不会增加心脏病风险。所以，只有eating cheeseburger 才合乎上下文的意思。
7.A从上下文判断，被cut out(去除)的effects一定是unhealthy effects，所以，unhealthy是本题的答案。
8.D本句中的in terms of 意为“就……而言”，要与后半句“一正一负相互抵消”的意思相匹配，所以只能是“就患心脏病的可能性而言”。possibility 是答案。
9. A本句的意思与第五题的意思相同，即statin降低心脏病发作的风险与快餐增加的心脏病的`风险在程度(degree)上大致相当。如果选择其他三个选项，意思变成了，“尺寸(dimension)上、角度(angle)上或范围(range)上大致相当”，就说不通了。
10.D 填词所在的句子的意思告诉我们，具有讽刺意味的一点是：顾客可以随心所欲地免费享用不健康的调味品。as one likes 是固定用法，意为“随某人所愿，随某人所喜欢”。所以，like 是答案。其余三个选项用在本句中都不合适。
11.B transported (运输)、preserved (保存)或converted (转换)填人句子中，意思都不顺。只有填入provided (提供)符合句意。provided 是答案。
12.C 到快餐店去就餐的人当然是customer。
13.A 为了降低开车和吸烟的风险，人们被鼓励要采取一些安全措施。作者借此说明为了降低食用快餐的风险，我们也要采取措施。根据这层意思，选择measures是正确的。take measure的意思是“采取措施”。其他三个选项都不合适：take care是“注意，小心”，take advantage 是“利用”，take turns 是“轮流，依次”。
14.B 本题很明显要选wearing，因为上下文的意思是“系上安全带”。buying a seatbelt,cleaning a seatbelt和changing a seatbelt都与上下文的意思相去太远。
15. C通篇文章都在阐述statin能降低患心脏病的风险。所以，lowering(降低)是答案。
职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题 5
One of the main weapons to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the AIDS virus during birth is the drug nevirapine3. But when nevirapine is used alone just once, HIV4 starts becoming resistant to it. Research in Botswana shows that the resistance is not long lasting and that this affordable drug does not have to be abandoned forever by infected mothers who have already taken it.
International medical guidelines call for5 pregnant women with advanced HIV to get a combination of AIDS drugs including nevirapine to prevent passing their infection on to their newborns during delivery. But in poor countries, combinations have been expensive and nevirapine has often been Used al. one, since studies have shown that a single dose can cut the transmission rate in half.
The problem is that HIV resistance builds against it quickly when used alone just once because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine. This renders the drug less effective in later combinations for treating women after their baby is born. But the new study from Botswana shows that nevirapine can make a comeback for these women if they wait until the resistance subsides.
“The further out you get from that exposure to single dose nevirapine, the less detectable nevirapine resistance is6,” said Shahin Lockman of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston7. She says waiting period for women who get the single dose of nevirapine at delivery can be as short as six months. “If they started nevirapine-based treatment six or more months after nevirapine exposure, their treatment response8 was just as good, and really quite high, compared to women who did not have the single dose of nevirapine,” she added. “However, the women who started nevirapine-based treatment within six months of that nevirapine exposure were much more likely to experience treatment failure.”
The study published in the New England Journal oJ Medicine9 shows that waiting at least six months means that HIV-positive women are 70 percent more likely to benefit from nevirapine-based drug combinations again than women who get them sooner. An official with the U.S. government health agency that helped fund the study calls it very important.
I.ynne Mofenson is chief of research on child, adolescent, and maternal AIDS at the U. S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development10. She says the finding supports a World Health Organization (WHO)H recommendation restricting a single dose of nevirapine only to pregnant HIV-infected women who are healthy enough to wait six months after childbirth for more nevirapine-based therapy. Otherwise, they should get other drugs during labor. “It shows the importance of screening women for treatment while they are pregnant and putting them on appropriate therapy while they are pregnant to avoid having to start them too soon after they received preventive therapy,” she explained.
Shahin Lockman in Boston says the problem of nevirapine resistance should diminish now that12 more and more people are receiving combinations of AIDS drugs under expanded U. S. and international programs to deliver them to Africa and other regions hard hit by the virus.
练习：
1. What effect does nevirapine have?
A. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.
B. It is an antiviral preparation and kills all kinds of viruses.
C. It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.
D. It may prevent passing HIV infection from mothers on to their newborns during delivery.
2. Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?
A. Because the drug is not strong enough to kill all of the HIV in the body.
B. Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.
C. Because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine.
D. Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.
3. When may a woman start her nevirapine-based treatment if she gets the single dose of nevirapine at delivery ?
A. She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.
B. She may start nevirapine-based treatment within six months after her delivery.
C. She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.
D. She may wait several years so as to achieve the best effect.
4. We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine
A. lasts only for about a half year and fades quickly.
B. will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.
C. is a terrible drug that must be banned at once.
D. is a problem too difficult to be solved.
5. Generally speaking, the authors attitude towards the use of nevirapine is
A. negative
B. positive
C. uncertain
D. doubtful
答案与题解：
1.D 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到nevirapine可以防止母亲在分娩时将HIV病毒传染给新生儿的问题，故D项是正确答案。
2.C 第三段第一句说，即使单独使用nevirapine一次，HIV病毒也会很快产生对nevirapine的抗药性，原因就是没有其他药物可以杀死nevirapine还没有杀死的病毒颗粒，这正是C项的内容。
3.C 第四段第二句说到，等待的时间最短可到六个月，第五段第一句又说，最少等待六个月的妇女，她们以nevirapine为主的药物综合治疗的`疗效要比等待不足六个月的妇女高70%，可见C项“最少要等待六个月”是正确答案。
4.A 第一段第三句说到抗药性存在的时间并不长，第四段第二句又说等待的时间可以短至六个月，另外，文章的标题也说抗药性很快消失，可见A项是正确选项，其他各项文章均未提及。
5.B 第一段是文章的提要，最能说明作者观点，其中最后一句就明确提到，已经服用 nevirapine的已感染上HIV的母亲们不应该放弃服用这种能用得起的药物。而且通篇文章都在探讨如何更有效地利用此药物，因此作者对使用此药的态度应该是“积极的、肯定的”。
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