2017年职称英语阅读理解模拟综合试题
导语：决定自1999年开始，实行全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试。考试设英语、日语、俄语、德语、法语和西班牙语6个语种，下面是英语部分的相关练习题，大家一起来看看吧。
Superconductor Ceramic (陶瓷)
An underground revolution begins this winter. With the flip (轻击) of a switch, 30,000 homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive electricity transmitted by ice-cold high-performance cables. Other American cities are expected to follow Detroit's example in the years ahead, which could conserve enormous amounts of power.
The new electrical cables at the Frisbie powe.r station in Detroit are revolutionary because they are made of superconductors. A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity with little or no resistance. Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current. All common electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance. They convert at least some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat. Superconductors don't. No one understands how superconductivity works. It just does.
Making superconductors isn't easy. A superconductor material has to be cooled to an extremely low temperature to lose its resistance. The first superconductors, made more than 50 years ago, had to be cooled to -263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance. Newer superconducting materials lose their resistance at -143 degrees Celsius.
The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material that contains copper, oxygen; bismuth(铋 ), strontium(偲 ), and calcium( 钙 ). A ceramic is a hard, strong compound made from clay or minerals. The superconducting ceramic has been fashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwis.e around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen is supercold and lowers the temperature of the ceramictape to the point where it conveys electricity
with zero resistance.
The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance. Because cooled superconductors have no resistance, they waste much less power. Other cities are watching the Frisbie experiment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cable and conserve power, too.
1.What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. With a flip of swish, electricity can be transmitted.
B. Other American cities can benefit from the high-perfo ——rraance cables.
C. Great amounts of power can be conserved.
D. Detroit will first receive electricity transmitted by the new electrical cables.
2.Compared to common electrical conductors, superconductors
A. have little or no electrical resistance.
B. can be used for a long time.
C. are not energy-efficient.
D. can be made easily.
3.At what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance?
A. -143 degree Celsius.
B. -263 degree Celsius.
C. As long as it is ice-cold.
D. Absolute zero.
4.What element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temperature?
A. Copper.
B. Liquid nitrogen.
C. Clay.
D. Calcium.
5.According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Other cities hope they can also conserve power.
B. Other cities hope they can use superconducting cables soon.
C. Superconductors waste less power because of their low resistance.
D. The Fribie experiment is not successful.
1.c。细节题。题干：第一段中提及的这场革命的好处是什么?利用题干关键词可以定位到第一段的最后一句，尽管A、B、D的内容都在第一段中被提及，但不是这场革命所带来的主要利益。
2.A。细节题。题干：与传统的普通电导体相比，超导体__________。第二段的第二句和第四句提供了明确的答案：超导体几乎没有电阻，而普通导体都有一定的电阻。故选A。
3.A。细节题。题干：在什么温度下，超导体失去电阻?利用题干关键词可以定位到第三段最后一句，由该句可知答案为A。B是50年前第一代超导体的温度数。C和D都不是正确的说法。
4.B。细节题。题干：什么因素使得ceramic tape能降低温度?利用题干关键词可以定位到第四段第四句，由该句可知答案为B。A和D中的copper和calcium是用来制造超导体的陶瓷材料的成分;C中的clay是陶瓷材料的来源。
5.D。细节题。题干：根据最后一段所述，下列说法哪一项是不对的?A、B、C三个选项的信息在最后一段中都提到了，只有选项D的意思没提到，故选D。
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