职称英语理工阅读判断真题2017
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So Many "Earths"
The Milky Way (银行) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life. That's the finding of new study. It draws on data that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.
A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its date have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.
The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it. Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone. That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as liquid.
The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more that 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate (推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.
The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close ot the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant pase). Using tighter limits the researchers estimate the between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.
Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number. It would mean however that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.
16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth's.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The Earth is a planet orbiting in the Sun's habitable zone.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars on the Milky Way.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
16.c。题干：Kepler太空望远镜已经使用15年了。利用题干关键词Kepler和15进行定位，发现第二段谈及“A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service”，即“技术的故障使得Kepler太空望远镜不能再使用了”，但是没有提及Kepler太空望远镜的使用时间，故答案为C。
17.A。题干：Kepler太空望远镜的主要任务就是找到与地球情况类似的行星。利用题干关键词Kepler和Earth等可以定位到第二段“The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.”。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息一致，故答案为A。
18.B。题干：能支持生命的行星可能比地球要小一点。利用题干关键词support life和smaller进行定位，可以定位到第三段“…14 and 300ut of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth’s but no more than twice that big”，即“据我们所知，每100个恒星之中约有14～30个恒星有着与太阳相似的体积和温度，可能支持行星上的生命，这样的行星直径至少与地球直径一样大或者最大不超过地球直径的两倍”。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息不一致，故答案为B。
19.A。题干：地球行星是围绕太阳的可居住区域内的轨道运行。利用题干关键词orbit和habitable zone等可以定位到第三段“The planet also would have to orbit in a star’s habitable zone.”，即“这样的行星也必须在恒星的可居住区域内的轨道运行”，并结合上一句可知，能支持生命的行星需要在像太阳这样的恒星的可居住区域内运行。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息一致，故答案为A。
20.B。题干：新发现是基于对银河系中17万颗恒星的全部研究。利用题干关键词new finding和170000并结合题目顺序与段落顺序一致的原则，可以定位到第四段“The new estimateof how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42，000 stars…”，即“有关多少行星符合这种情况的预测是来自于对42000多颗恒星的研究……”。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息不一致，故答案为B。
21.A。题干：关于可以支持生命的行星数量的预测是不准确的。利用题干关键词estimate和accurate等可以定位到第四段和第五段“The new estimate ofhow many planets might fit these conditions…The estimate is rough，the authors admit”，即“这项对于符合这些情况的行星的数量的预测……作者承认这种预测是比较简单的”。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息一致，故答案为A。
22.C。题干：这是有关有生命存在可能性的行星的最早的研究发现。利用题干关键词first和chance for life等可以定位到最后一段“It would mean however that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life”，即“但是这意味着银河系中有超过十亿颗地球大小的行星都有生命存在的可能性”，但是没有提及是否是最早的发现，故答案为C。
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