2017年职称英语阅读真题
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Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?
When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.
Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy ( 树冠) of taller indigenous ( 土生土长的 ) trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren't any trees. With increased production come increased profits.
Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat.Native birds nest and hide from predators ( 捕食者 ) in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.
Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.
Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and"bird friendly."Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.
31. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.
B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.
C. Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.
D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.
32. The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show __________.
A. the positive effects of coffee
B. a change of coffee growth
C. something that is the most important
D. how coffee production used to be
33. What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?
A. More insects.
B. Better quality coffee.
C. Larger farms.
D. Higher profits.
34. How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?
A. They buy more land from other farmers.
B. They cut down trees.
C. They move to another country.
D. They turn grassland into farmland.
35. The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT __________.
A. insects
B. air
C. birds
D. humans.
答案与解析
31.A。主旨题。题干：这篇文章的大意为__________。从各段的首尾旬来看，第二段至第四段谈论的是向阳种植咖啡的弊端，第五段谈的是人们开始在向阴的地方种植咖啡，由此可以看出人们种植咖啡的方式发生了改变，所以该题答案为A(农民们正在改变他们种植咖啡的方式。)
32.B。细节题。题干：第二段中“Traditionally”一词的功能是为了说明__________。利用题目关键词定位到第二段的首句，从中可知“传统上，咖啡树被种植在高大的树的树冠之下”，后一句“但是，拉美地区越来越多的农民砍伐森林来种植完全向阳的咖啡树”，由此可知前后句就咖啡树的种植方式形成对比，因此traditionally是为了说明过去与现在种植方式的不同，因而答案为B(咖啡种植的改变)。选项D具有较大的迷惑性，但是第一句和第二句谈论的是咖啡的种植，而非咖啡的生产。
33.D。细节题。题干：向阳种植的咖啡产量增加导致了什么?利用题干关键词increased production可以定位到第二段最后一句，可知产量的增加带来了利润的增加，故D(高的利润)为正确答案。
34.B。细节题。题干：农民如何找到更多的地来向阳种植咖啡?利用题干关键词find more land可以定位到第二段的第二旬，可知越来越多的拉美人正在砍伐森林来种植咖啡树，故B(他们将树砍到)为正确答案。
35.B。细节题。题干：向阳种植咖啡的方法可能对下列__________之外都有影响。分别定位四个选项可以定位到第三和四段，如第三段提到因为种植咖啡树，本地的鸟类赖以筑巢和躲避捕食者的树木被砍掉了，第四段提到化肥和杀虫剂杀死了昆虫或使其致病，而鸟类吃了这些中毒的昆虫而死亡，因化学物质而死或致病的动物则将毒性带入了人们饮水的水域中，所以可见昆虫、鸟类和人类都受到了影响，故本题答案为B(空气)。
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