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2017年职称英语试题卫生A类模拟题
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第6部分：完形填空(第51——65题，每题l分，共l5分)
下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。
Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowed (结肠) Cancer
People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less 51 20 grams a day, according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out.
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478,040 men and women 52 35 to 70 from 10 European countries.
All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998, but 53 an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1,329 bowel cancers had been reported.
The subsequent analysis, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, confirms the long-held suspicion 54 high intakes (纳入量) of red meat are associated with increased bowel 55 risk.
After taking into consideration factors like age, sex, height, weight, energy intake physical activity,smoking, and alcohol consumption, the investigators found that bowel cancer was 56 with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken.
Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated 57 a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a 58
Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher' risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish 59 . In addition, the risk of developing the disease was increased for 60 people who ate a low fibre diet.
Sheila Bingham, study investigator at the UK's Medical Research Council nutrition unit, said:
"People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat 61 risk of bowel cancer, but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a 62 relationship."
She added in a statement: 'the overall picture is very consistent for red and processed meat and fibre across all the 63 populations studied."
Study coordinator, Elio Riboli, of the World Health Organisation International Agency for Research into Cancer, said: "Other risk factors for 64 cancer include obesity (肥胖) and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a 65. These factors were all taken into account in the analysis.
51. A. from
B. than
C. between
D. among
52. A. aging
B. years
C. aged
D. ranging
53. A. before
B. after
C. since
D. when
54. A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. why
55. A. illness
B. cancer
C. problem
D. death
56. A. presented
B. selected
C. contrasted
D. associated
57. A with
B. into
C. for
D. against
58. A. month
B. year
C. day
D. week
59. A. habit
B. experience
C. harvest
D. intake
60. A. these
B. much
C. those
D. that
61. A. increase
B. lower
C. meet
D. show
62. A. strong
B. poor
C. weak
D. casual
63. A. Asian,
B. American
C. European
D. African
64. A. new
B. organ
C. fatal
D. bowel
65. A. factor
B. role
C. risk
D. chance
51.A。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：中国将__________第一个有关变性手术的临床指导方针。四个选项，issue在这里做动词使用时意为“发行，颁布”，provide意为“提供”，withdraw意为“取回，收回”，bring back意为“恢复”。四个选项代入原文，issue符合题意。
52.B。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：专家__________大约2 000名中国人已经做了变性手术，但是还有10万到40万人正考虑做这个手术。四个选项，boast在这里做动词使用时意为“自夸，炫耀”，estimate意为“估测”，blame意为“责备”，offer意为“提供”。四个选项代入原文，最佳答案是estimate，因为对于无法准确测量的数字专家只能做出“估测”。
53.B。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：在指导方针草稿中，MOH给手术者和医疗机构设定了__________标准。四个选项，maximum在这里做动词使用时意为“最大值”，minimum意为“最小值”，less意为“更少”，few意为“少的”。根据上下文的意义，卫生部提出的应该是“最低”标准。
54.A。这里考查的是固定词组engage in“从事或者参与某项工作或者活动”。句意：参加手术者要求证明你变性的坚定决心，以及连续五年适应新性别的决心，以及术后要(参加)至少一年的心理治疗。
55.c。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：参加手术者必须得到__________的手术推荐书。四个选项，physicist意为“物理学家”，chemist意为“化学家”，psychologist意为“心理学家”，geologist意为“地质学家”，根据上下文的意思来看，只有得到心理学家的许可是最合理的。
56.B。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：在开始手术前必须满足几项法律要求。根据上下文，法律或者法规中的条文和要求是必须遵守的，因此必须用must。
57.D。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：在手术__________前，警察局也必须同意更改__________接受手术者的身份证上的性别。四个选项，respective意为“各自的，分别的”，prospect意为“前景，展望”,expecting意为“希望的，期望的”，prospective意为“未来的，将来的，展望的”。四个选项代入原文，prospective符合题意。
58.C。这里考查的是固定词组take place“发生，进行，举行”。句意：在手术进行前，警察局也必须同意更改将要接受手术者的身份证上的性别。
59.B。这里考查的是固定词组be believed to“确信”。句意：这个指导方针的出现确实体现了政府对一小部分人想要变性的需求的关注。
60.A。这里考查的是固定词组be concemed about“忧虑，担心”，而concerned with是指“关心，感兴趣”。句意：这个指导方针的出现确实体现了政府对一小部分人想要变性的需求的关注。
61.D。这里考查的是固定词组a number of,表示“若干，不少，许多”，用在可数名词前。句意：这个指导方针的出现确实体现了政府对一小部分人想要变性的需求的关注。
62.c。这里考查的是固定词组due to，表示“因为，由于”。句意：因为手术带来的社会和法律影响，所以变性手术不仅仅是个医疗程序。
63.B。这里是对分词的考查。句意：医生需要给那些__________变性的手术者说清楚一点，那就是他们也可以选择继续保持原有的性别。在本句中，用seek的现在分词形式充当名词的定语，意为“寻求变性手术的那些人”。其他三个选项都是动词的限定形式，都是充当谓语的，因此不符合要求。(分词的相关知识具体见本套书的系列丛书《每天1小时4周攻克职称英语周计划卫生类》中有关分词的【备考助手】。)
64.D。这里是对词汇的考查。句意：指导方针要求医生告诉手术者其他的选择，__________荷尔蒙治疗。such as用于举例说明的场合;as表示“像……一样”，后面跟谓词短语;as such强调某事的程度或者结果，表示“如此……以致……”。
65.A。这里考查的是固定词组in the long run，表示“从长远的观点来看，最终”。句意：从长远来看，手术本身对手术者并不是个大问题。
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