职称英语历年真题《综合C》概括大意题

职称英语历年真题《综合C》概括大意精选题

　　无论是身处学校还是步入社会，我们需要用到考试真题的情况非常的多，考试真题可以帮助参考者清楚地认识自己的知识掌握程度。你知道什么样的考试真题才算得上好考试真题吗？下面是小编为大家收集的职称英语历年真题《综合C》概括大意精选题，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。

　　职称英语历年真题《综合C》概括大意题 1

　　Traffic Jams -- No End in Sight

　　(1) Traffic congestion (拥堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U. S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.

　　(2) The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.

　　(3)Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.

　　(4)Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.

　　(5)Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systemsand upgrade them with moreefficient technologies.But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.

　　23. Paragraph 1 __________

　　24. Paragraph 2__________

　　25. Paragraph 3 __________

　　26. Paragraph 4 __________

　　A. Paying to get in

　　B. Changing work practice

　　C. Not doing enough

　　D. A solution which is no solution

　　E. Closing city centres to traffic

　　F. A global problem

　　27. Most American drivers think it convenient to __________.

　　28. If charged high enough, some drivers may enter certain parts of town __________.

　　29. Building more roads is not an effective way to __________.

　　30. The U. S. government has planned to __________ updating public-transport systems.

　　A. reduce traffic jams

　　B. drive around

　　C. go by bus

　　D. spend more money

　　E. travel regularly

　　F. encourage more private cars

　　答案与解析

　　23.F。第一段首句是主题旬，交通拥挤影响到了全世界的人，故F(全球问题)是正确答案。

　　24.A。第二段首旬是主题句，最有希望减少城市拥挤的技术被称为拥堵收费，即车辆在一天的特定时段进入城里的特定区域是要收费的。故A(付费进入)是正确答案。

　　25.B。第三段首句是主题句，另一种缓解交通高峰期的方法是雇主实行弹性工作时间，这可以让员工在非高峰期往返工作，以避开上下班的高峰期，因而B(改变上下班惯例)是正确答案。

　　26.D。第四段没有主题句，通过本段可知很多人认为缓解交通压力最好的办法是多修路，但作者认为这种办法并不能真正解决问题。故D(一个不能解决问题的解决方案)是正确答案。

　　27.B。句意：大部分美国人认为很方便。利用关键词convenient可以定位，根据第一段最后一句“most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience，comfort and privacy”可知，很多人选择开车是为了舒适、方便和隐私。因而答案为B。

　　28.C。题干：如果收费足够高，许多司机可能进入城镇的`特定区域。利用题干关键词charge可以定位，根据第二段“In theory，ifthe toll is high enough，some drivers、will cancel their trips or go by bus ortrain.”可知，“理论上，如果收费足够高，有些司机将会取消行程或者乘坐公交或火车”，所以C(坐公交)为正确答案。

　　29.A。题干：建设更多的路不是有效的方法。利用题干关键词building roads等可以定位，根据第四段可知，有些城市规划者认为缓解交通拥挤的最好办法是建更多的路，但是并不能真的让车远离道路，而只会容纳更多的车。因而修路并不是缓解拥堵的好办法，所以A(缓解交通拥挤)为正确答案。

　　30.D。题干：美国政府计划通过__________来升级公共交通系统。利用题干关键词govemment和public—transport system等可以定位，根据第五段倒数第二句可知，美国政府决定花费70亿美元来提高公用交通系统的通行量，并使用更有效的技术对其进行升级，所以D(花费更多钱)为正确答案。

　　职称英语历年真题《综合C》概括大意题 2

　　Sometimes we say that someone we know is a "square peg in a round hole"(1). This simply means that the person we are talking about is not suited for the job he is doing. He may be a bookkeeper who really wants to be an actor or a mechanic who likes cooking. Unfortunately, many people in the world are "square pegs"; they are not doing the kind of work they should be doing, for one reason or another. As a result they probably are not doing a very good job and certainly they are not happy.

　　Choosing the right career is very important. Most of us spend a great part of our lives at our jobs. For that reason we should try to find out what our talents are and how we can use them. We can do this through aptitude test, interview with specialists, and study of books in our field of interest.

　　There are many careers open to each of us. Perhaps we like science. Then we might prepare ourselves to be chemists, physicists, or biologists. Maybe our interests take us into the business world and such work as accounting, personnel management or public relations. Many persons find their place in government service. Teaching, newspaper work, medicine, engineering---these and many other fields offer fascinating careers to persons with talent and training.练习:

　　1. Paragraph 1____________.

　　2. Paragraph 2____________.

　　3. Paragraph 3____________.

　　A) Job choices for the talented

　　B) Importance of finding the right job

　　C) Result of taking the wrong job

　　D) Variety of jobs open to all

　　4. A person who is not doing the right job cannot expect to _______________.

　　5. To find the job most suitable for yourself, you should first of all ____________.

　　6. There are actually various kinds of jobs we all can _______________.

　　7. There are numerous ways to find out ______________.

　　A) spend more time in school

　　B) what job suit you best

　　C) choose from

　　D) do it well and feel comfortable in it

　　E) find out what your talents are

　　Keys: C B D D E C B

　　职称英语历年真题《综合C》概括大意题 3

　　More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing

　　1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.

　　2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up1 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.2

　　3 These findings, which Dr Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine3, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night’s rest may not need to set aside4 more than 8 hours a night He added that “it might be a good idea” for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.

　　4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep — for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.

　　5 For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to- day functioning5.

　　6 Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 88 hours In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed “It stands to reason6 that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake,” he said.

　　词汇：

　　refresh v.(使)精力恢复 questionnaire n.问卷

　　psychosomatic adj.(指疾病)由精神压力引起的

　　fatigue n.疲劳 caution v.警告

　　insomnia n.失眠 habitually adv.习惯地

　　注释：

　　1.clock up：时间达到

　　2.they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers：falling和feeling都是说明trouble的。全句可译为：与8小时睡眠者相比，他们在入睡和经过一夜睡眠恢复精力方面有更多的麻烦。

　　3.Psychosomatic Medicine：《心身医学》(医学杂志名)

　　4.set aside：留出

　　5.having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning：感到疲乏影响日常工作。

　　6.stand to reason：是当然的，是合情合理的

　　练习：

　　1.Paragraph 2 ________

　　2.Paragraph 4 ________

　　3.Paragraph 5 ________

　　4.Paragraph 6 ________

　　A Kripke’s Research Tool

　　B Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep

　　C Criticism on Kripke’s Report

　　D A Way of Overcoming Insomnia

　　E Sleep Problem of Long and Short Sleepers

　　F Classification of Sleep Problems

　　5.To get a good night’s rest, people may not need to ________.

　　6.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to ________.

　　7.One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to ________.

　　8.One survey showed that people who habitually ________ each night have a higher risk of dying.

　　A fall asleep again

　　B become more energetic the following day

　　C sleep less than 7 hours

　　D confirm those serious consequences

　　E suffer sleep problems

　　F sleep more than 8 hours

　　答案与题解：

　　1.E 第二段列举了睡眠时间多于或少于8小时而带来的多种sleep problems。

　　2.B 第四段阐述了长期睡眠不足所带来的严重后果。

　　3.A 第五段介绍了Kripke的调查工具(tool)。他用的是有关睡眠的问卷。问卷包括两大内容：睡眠时间及睡眠困扰问题。

　　4.D 第六段最后两句是：“... one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.”和“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”这是选择D的依据。

　　5.F 选择F的依据是第三段第一句。原文是：“... people who want to get a good night’s rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night.”

　　6.E 选择E的依据是第六段第一句。原文是：“... people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. ”

　　7.A 本题答案的依据是第五段第二句：“Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep ...”

　　8.C 本题答案的依据是第四段：“... one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.”

　　译文：每晚只需8小时，睡眠过多非益事

　　睡眠不足带来的危害已经广为人知，而一项新的研究表明睡眠过多同样会使人们产生不良后果。

　　圣地亚哥加利福尼亚大学的研究人员发现在入睡、保持睡眠等方面，每晚睡眠9或10小时的人比睡8小时的人存在更多问题。而每晚仅睡7小时的人则表示，他们在入睡及休息后精力恢复程度上不及8小时睡眠者。

　　Daniel Kripke博士在《心身医学》杂志上报告的这些新发现表明，人们如果想晚上休息好，每天留给睡眠的时间只需8小时。他补充说，对于那些每晚睡8小时以上的人们来说，考虑减少在床上度过的时间“也许是个好主意”。不过他又提醒说这还需要进一步的研究证实。

　　以往的研究证明了长期睡眠缺乏的潜在危机。有报告显示，睡眠经常少于7小时的`人比睡眠充足者，在特定时期内死亡的机率更高。

　　而在目前这份报告中，Kripke考评了一份1004名成年人参与反馈的睡眠调查问卷。问卷内容涉及每周睡眠时间和各种可能的睡眠问题，包括半夜惊觉，清晨早醒，无法重新入睡，以及白天疲劳，影响日常工作等。

　　Kripke发现每晚9至10小时睡眠者比睡8小时的人更容易出现各类睡眠问题。在次访谈中，Kripke注意到睡眠时间长的人夜间可能难以入眠，正是因为他们睡得太多了。因此他补充说，治疗失眠最好的一种方法就是少睡点儿。“在床上花得时间过长，醒着的时间就会更多，这是理所当然的。”

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