职称英语真题《卫生A》阅读理解精选
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Social Anxiety Disorder
(1)Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.
(2)The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help,the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports.
(3)"Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations," Jerilyn Ross, the association's president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday.
(4) "The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves," Ross said.
(5) Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. "It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships, "she said.
(6) People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Rose noted. "But they feel powerless to do anything about it," she said.
(7)Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference.
(8)"This is a disorder that starts affecting people early onl," Pollack said. "The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to 2 earlier childhood."
(9)The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said.
(10) Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn't want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.
(11) However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives.
In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.
41. Which of the following is not true of the people with social anxiety disorder?
A. They find it difficult to make friends.
B. They tend to judge or criticize other people.
C. They are often isolated and ashamed.
D. They frequently fail to get timely treatment.
42. People with the disorder think that their fear is __________.
A. justified
B. beneficial
C. beyond control
D. controllable
43. Usually the disorder starts to affect people when __________.
A. they fall in love
B. they begin to work
C. they get married
D. they are in their early teens
44. All the following are likely symptoms of the disorder EXCEPT __________.
A. heart palpitations
B. sweating
C. sore throat
D. blushing
45. The last paragraph indicates that treatment of the disorder__________.
A. has no positive on those affected
B. was unavailable to those affected
C. was often rejected by those affected
D. could improve the life of those affected
答案与解析
41.B。细节判断题。题干：有关那些有社交焦虑紊乱症状的人群的描述，哪一项是不对的?该题是典型的细节判断题，所以可以利用选项关键词进行定位和解答。定位选项A的关键词可以定位到第五段的第二句，可知Ross解释道社交焦虑紊乱使人们很难找到朋友以及伴侣;定位选项B的关键词可以定位到第四段，可知社交焦虑紊乱使得人们避免日常的场景和其他人，因为担心被人所评判或批评或害怕自己丢脸或尴尬等，由此可知选项B与原文信息不一致;定位选项C的关键词可以定位第二段的第一句，可知社交焦虑紊乱让很多人孤独、羞愧以及经常被误诊，因为误诊所以也得不到及时的治疗;因而，本题答案为B(他们倾向于评判或批判别人)。
42.C。细节题。题干：社交焦虑紊乱的人认为他们的恐惧是 __________ 。利用题干关键词People with the disorder和fear可以定位到第六段，可知有社交紊乱症的人意识到他们的恐惧是过度的，是不合理的，但是他们又无力解决，由此可知，A、B和D项与原文不一致，所以该题正确答案为C(难以控制的)。
43.D。细节题。题干：通常紊乱开始影响到人们是 __________ 。利用题干关键词starts to affect可以定位第七段首句，从中可知社交焦虑紊乱开始于十几岁的早期，故该题答案为D(他们刚刚过十岁的时候)。
44.C。细节判断题。题干：下列都是紊乱的症状，除了__________。分别定位四个选项的关键词，可以定位到第9段，从中可知紊乱的症状有很多，包括心悸，感觉喉咙紧闭，出汗，脸红，眩晕、发抖和结巴等，所以该题的答案为C(咽喉肿痛)。
45.D。题干：最后一段表明社交焦虑紊乱症的治疗__________。推断题。从最后一段的首句来看，当得到诊断和治疗时，多数人报告说这改善了其生活。其他句子都是举例说明，由此可知选项D(能够改善那些受紊乱症困扰的人的生活)为正确答案。
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