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2017年职称英语综合类B级词汇讲解
词汇的积累是职称英语考试中最基础也是最重要的一部分，为了帮助考生们更加有效的备考，以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语综合类B级词汇讲解，供大家备考。
篇一：
1.At midnight(午夜、半夜12点), we were aroused (吵醒)by a knock(敲) at the door. (answer: B)
A. irritated：vt(使人恼怒、急噪)I am irradiated by the delay of the flight(航班的延误).
B. awakened: vt (弄醒，唤醒)my mother awakens me every morning.
C. arisen(***): vi(是arise的过去分词，出现、呈现、引起、发生,一般和介词from搭配。)
A new problem(问题) has arisen.
arise = appear = come up = originate = cause
D. annoyed：vt(是annoy的过去分词， 使某人不悦、惹恼某人，打搅)
His constant(不断的。不停的) cries(哭闹) annoy me.
分析：arouse是一个多义词，一般作为及物动词使用，基本含义有：唤醒某人，引起、激发;鼓励、鼓动。我们可以参看教材上一道原题(卫生类)
2.In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
A. confuses(使人迷惑，混淆) B. excites(使人兴奋、刺激，激发)
C. scares(恐吓某人，吓跑某人= frighten)
D. diverts(转移某人的注意力，使某物转向)
arouse = awaken = encourage = cause
在06年的8题中，题目略做改动：
3.It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.
A. frightens(使人感到恐惧、害怕) B. scares C. confuses D. arouses
得出结论：不要背答案，要搞清每个常用词的用法和同义词，尽量在学习过程中能作到举一反三。
4.She was awarded(颁发、授予、) a prize(奖) for the film(电影). (answer: A)
A. given：vt(给、授予、让步、供给), 常出现的固定搭配：give away泄露秘密，发放，颁发; give forth发表，公布，发出声音、气味;give in屈服，交上;give way to让步，坍塌，破裂
B. rewarded：vt酬劳、奖赏;n 报酬、赏金，常见搭配：
as a reward for作为对某事的奖赏;reward sb for sth为某事而报答某人,请注意派生词：rewarding: adj 值得做的，令人满意的 a rewarding film/trip(旅行)
如：He rewarded the boy for finding his lost mobile phone.
C. sent(是send过去分词，送， 寄)
The mother sends her children to school every morning.
D. reminded(原形是remind, 提醒某人，使某人想起，常见搭配：remind sb of sth)
The picture(照片) reminded me of my father.
分析：award属于词义比较简单的词，一般表示颁发、授予、判定、给予，如：
she was awarded a gold medal(金牌) as a swimming(游泳) champion(冠军)
5.Smoking(吸烟) will be banned (禁止)in all public(公共的) places here. (answer: A)
A. forbidden: 原形是forbid, 意思是禁止，不许，常见搭配：forbid sb to do sth,
The teacher forbids us to talk(说话) in the class.
B. allowed(***): 原形allow, 允许、准许某人做某事，allow sb to do sth, 如：
My boss(老板) doesn’t allow me to use(使用)the phone(电话).
C. permitted : vt 原形permit, 允许，许可，使某事有可能性，同义词allow, let.
allow = permit = let
D. promoted(***): v 原形promote, 促进、增进、发扬、提升、请注意派生的名词：promotion: 提升、促销，提倡、赞助。
如：She worked hard and was promoted very soon. (她工作努力，很快获得晋升。)
the organization(组织) works to promote(促进) friendship(友谊) between nations(两国之间的).
6.Smoking is not permitted in the office.
A. probable：形容词，可能的，同义词：possible
B. possible：形容词，可能的，同义词：probable)
C. admitted：动词，承认、允许某人进入，如：
1). The small window admits very little light(阳光).
2). I admitted I was wrong. (我承认我错了。)
D. allowed = permitted
篇二：
1.There is a growing(不断增加的) gap(n 缺口、裂口、距离、分歧) between the rich(代表一类人，富人们) and the poor(穷人们). (answer: C)
A. conflict：n 冲突、争执、(意见的)分歧、v冲突、抵触
a conflict of interests利害冲突;
B. tension: n 紧张，同义词：nervousness
C. gulf: n 海湾、沟壑、分歧，常见搭配：gulf between A and B in sth
There is a gulf between the husband and the wife in education(教育) of their child.
D. confrontation: n 对抗、动词：confront.
一般用于： confront sb with sth让某人面对(不快的或令人头疼的事情)
有关gap,还有一个常见的表达：generation gap代沟
2.I am very grateful(感激的) to you for your assistance(帮助). (answer: D)
A. helpful：有帮助的，反义词：helpless, 词组：be helpful to sb
He is always helpful to his mother.
B. hopeful:有希望的，反义词：hopeless, 常见搭配：be hopeful of/about对。。。抱有希望，如：I am hopeful of passing the exam.
C. pitiful: pity+ful 令人怜悯的、可怜的，反义词：pitiless: 无怜悯心的、残酷的
D .thankful：感激的、感谢的，反义词：thankless: 不感谢的、忘恩的，常见搭配：
be thankful to sb for sth = be grateful to sb for sth
得出结论：同义词的常见搭配也一样，后缀-ful(充满的)和-less(少的、几乎没有的)互为反义词。(重要词根!)
3.You will be meeting her presently(不久、立刻). (answer: A)
A. shortly：adv马上、立刻 I’ll be coming back shortly.
B. currently: adv时下、当前，同义词组：at present = now
She is currently in Beijing.
C. lately(***): adv 最近，同义词：recently
How have been lately?近来可好?
D. probably： 可能地，反义词：improbably, 同义词：possibly.
presently = shortly = soon
4.Attitudes to(对。。。的态度) mental(精神的) illness(疾病) have shifted(改变) in recent years(在近几年=lately). (answer: C)
A. displayed: 展示、陈列某物，显示、显露 display sth to sb
B. shown:原形show, 显示、展示，此时和display属近义词。
C. changed(***)：高频核心词，含义丰富，改变、更换、交换、换乘、换衣服\兑换货币，等等。
change one’s idea/attitude改变主意/态度;change one’s job换工作; change gear换挡; change sides改变立场; change train换乘火车;change dollars into RMB把美圆兑换成人民币。
D. demonstrated：v 证明、论证、表明、示威游行
5.I have been trying to(尽力) quit(停止) smoking. (answer: A)
A. give up：停止、放弃，give up sth/doing sth, 如：
My husband gave up(= quit = stop = abandon) smoking last year.
B. pick up(***):捡起来、情况好转、通过实践学会(外语、技术)、收取某物、接人、偶然结识某人等。
C. build up逐渐发展、增强
D. take up：占据(时间或空间)、从事某事
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