2017理工类职称英语C级概括大意精选题

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2017理工类职称英语C级概括大意精选题

　　概括大意|||下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

　　阅读材料，回答{TSE}题：

　　Geology and Health

　　1The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past fewdecades, and the ideathat geology might be related to health has been recognized for anumber ofelements such as iodine, zincand selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents producecrops, and animals deficient in iodine. alack of iodine in the human diet leads to some seriousdiseases.

　　2The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks,which weather into soil, gainingor losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil theelements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached fromrock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemis-try and health of plants,animals and people.

　　3So far there is no datato suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience apotentialhealth hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not highenough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent ahealthrisk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small chil-dren are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also themost likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.

　　4Heavy metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment.Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation B.ecause heavymetals are ahealth concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to causecancer and are also known to cause poisoning.

　　5In contrast,naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies andrehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations wellabove those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.

　　6There is avital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living onnaturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils shouldconcentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologist.,should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rocband soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.

　　{TS}Paragraph 1__________

　　A.No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soil

　　B.Potential hazards of human contaminated soils

　　C.Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain

　　D.Geology and health problems

　　E.Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution

　　F.Long-term health effects on children

　　参考答案：D

　　参考解析：第一段点出主题，即某些金属进入人类食谱可能与地质有关。

　　Paragraph 3__________

　　A.No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soil

　　B.Potential hazards of human contaminated soils

　　C.Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain

　　D.Geology and health problems

　　E.Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution

　　F.Long-term health effects on children

　　参考答案：A

　　参考解析：第三段涉及的是自然污染的土壤一般情况下对人体不会造成危害。此段首句就提示了这一点：“So far there is no datato suggest that people living on metal.rich soils experi.ence apotential heMth hazard.”

　　Paragraph 4__________

　　A.No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soil

　　B.Potential hazards of human contaminated soils

　　C.Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain

　　D.Geology and health problems

　　E.Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution

　　F.Long-term health effects on children

　　参考答案：B

　　参考解析：第四段说，受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定，不容易分解。因此，某些微量重金属被认为有可能与癌症有关，并引起中毒。

　　Paragraph 6__________

　　A.No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soil

　　B.Potential hazards of human contaminated soils

　　C.Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain

　　D.Geology and health problems

　　E.Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution

　　F.Long-term health effects on children

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析：答案的依据是本段的第二句：“Future environmental investigations of naturally pollutedsoils should…into the food chain and human body.”

　　Some diseases is connected with deficiency of__________.

　　A.industrially polluted soils

　　B.rock and soil chemistry

　　C.naturally polluted soils

　　D.the pathways of metals into the food chain

　　E.the element of iodine

　　F.the persistence of heavy metals

　　参考答案：E

　　参考解析：第一段最后一句“A.lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious disease.”是选择E的依据。

　　It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on__________.

　　A.industrially polluted soils

　　B.rock and soil chemistry

　　C.naturally polluted soils

　　D.the pathways of metals into the food chain

　　E.the element of iodine

　　F.the persistence of heavy metals

　　ABCDEF

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析：本题答案的依据是最后一段的第一句，即“There is avital need to understand the po-tential risks and long—term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils.”

　　Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowl-edge on__________.

　　A.industrially polluted soils

　　B.rock and soil chemistry

　　C.naturally polluted soils

　　D.the pathways of metals into the food chain

　　E.the element of iodine

　　F.the persistence of heavy metals

　　参考答案：B

　　参考解析：全文都在论述重金属的摄入可能会对人体健康产生有害影响。最后一段说到地质学家在解决调查这个问题能起到的作用。这个句子是：“Geologists should be part ofsuch studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chem.istry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.”

　　Industrially contaminated sites usually require athorough clean-up due to__________.

　　A.industrially polluted soils

　　B.rock and soil chemistry

　　C.naturally polluted soils

　　D.the pathways of metals into the food chain

　　E.the element of iodine

　　F.the persistence of heavy metals

　　参考答案：F

　　参考解析：第四段涉及这一问题。受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定，不容易降解，所以，要对重金属进行彻底的清除。

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