职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选

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职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选

　　概括大意与完成句子是职称英语考试的第三大题型，共有8道小题，每题l分，总计8分。这两种题型一般放到同一篇文章中去考查。以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选，供大家备考。

职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选

　　职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选 1

　　Climate Change: The Long Reach

　　(1) Earth is warming. Sea levels are rising. Theres more carbon in the air, and Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientists who study the environment to better gauge (评估) Earths future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very long time.

　　(2) People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases carbon dioxide, a colorless gas. In the air, this gas traps heat at Earths surface. And the more carbon dioxide released, the more the planet warms. If current consumption of fossil fuels doesnt slow, the long-term climate impacts could last thousands of years--and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper.

　　(3) Most climate-change studies look at whats going to happen in the next century or so. During that time, changes in the planets environment could nudge ( 推动) global warming even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt,sunlight can now reach--and warm--the exposed ground. This extra heat raises the air temperature even more, causing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a "fast feedback".

　　(4) Zeebe says its important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, theyre limited. From a climate change perspective. "This century is the most important time for the next few generations," he told Science News. "But the world is not ending in 2100." For his new study,Zeebe now focuses on "slow feedbacks". While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life--as they relocate to more comfortable areas--are two examples of slow feedbacks.

　　(5) Zeebe gathered information from previously published studies investigating how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramatic changes in climate.Then he came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degree Fahrenheit) change by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added another 1.5 ℃--for a 6 total increase, Zeebe reports. He also found that stow feedback events will cause global warming to persist for thousands of years after people run out of fossil fuels to burn.

　　23——26概括大意

　　23. Paragraph 2__________

　　24. Paragraph 3 __________

　　25. Paragraph 4 __________

　　26. Paragraph 5 __________

　　A. Rising of sea levels

　　B. Impact of burning fossil fuels

　　C. Fast feedbacks

　　D. Slow feedbacks

　　E. Unpredictability of feedback processes

　　F. A prediction of future climate change

　　27——30完成句子

　　27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fast in __________.

　　28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlight to reach __________.

　　29. Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction by analyzing __________.

　　30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warming will continue for__________.

　　A. the exposed ground

　　B. a very long time

　　C. the extra heat

　　D. recorded history

　　E. previously published studies

　　F. rapid exaggeration of impacts

　　答案与解析

　　23.A。题干：第二段的主要内容是__________。本段属于递进结构。首句讲到“人们经常燃烧化石燃料来获取热量和能量”，从第二句开始阐述燃烧化石燃料会释放二氧化碳，从而对气候产生影响。因此本段的主题是B(燃烧化石燃料的影响)。

　　24.C。题干：第三段的主要内容是__________。该段的主题句为最后一句：这个过程叫作fast feedback。

　　25.D。题干：第四段的主要内容是__________。该段为转折结构。第一句为引子“看快速反馈是十分重要的”，第二旬前的however使得话锋一转，认为快速反应是有局限的，从而可推理得知该段的主题为slow feedback，这与该段中间的总结是一致的。故本题选D。

　　26.F。题干：第五段的主要内容是__________。该段主题句为第二句：(在基于以前收集的信息基础上)他得出了解释未来快速反应与慢速反应进程的结论以及由此结论得到气候上升度数不同的结论。因此本题选F最合适。

　　27.D。题干：北极的冰在从未融化得如此之快。根据Arctic ice回到原文定位到第一段第二句“Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history.”可知，该空应该填入D。

　　28.A。题干：冰雪的'融化使得阳光能达到__________。根据melting snow and ice回到原文定位到第三段，由“Butasthesemelt，sunlightcannow reach—andwam—theexposedground”可知该空应该填入the exposed ground。这里的these指代的就是melting snow and ice。

　　29.E。题干：Zeebe通过分析__________预测了未来气候变化。通过Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction回到原文定位到最后一段，首句中有答案：收集以前的研究数据。

　　30.B。题干：化石燃烧尽了之后，全球变暖还会__________。用After fossil fuels are used up定位到末段的最后一句“causeglobalwarmingtopersistforthousands ofyears afterpeople run out offossil fuels to bum”，可知该空答案为B。其中use up与run out对应，thousands of years对应选项中的a very long time。

　　职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选 2

　　1.Which do you enjoy ＿＿＿your weekends, fishing or watching TV?

　　A.spending

　　B.to spend

　　C.being spent

　　D.spend

　　2.＿＿＿all my letters, I had a drink and went out.

　　A.Finished

　　B.Having finished

　　C.Finishing

　　D.To finish

　　3.She had no money ＿＿＿a birthday present for her children.

　　A. to buy with

　　B. buying

　　C .bought

　　D. with which to buy

　　4.From the dates＿＿＿on the gold coin, it is conformed that it was made five hundred years ago.

　　A. marking

　　B. marked

　　C. to be marked

　　D. having been marked

　　5.＿＿＿＿time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.

　　A. To save

　　B. Saved

　　C. Saving

　　D. Having saved

　　【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A

　　职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题精选 3

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1.The news will horrify everyone.

　　A.attract

　　B.terrify

　　C.tempt

　　D.excite

　　2.The article sketched the major events of the decade.

　　A.described

　　B.offered

　　C.outlined

　　D.presented

　　3.I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior.

　　A.bear

　　B.accept

　　C.admit

　　D.take

　　4.Their style of playing football is utterly different.

　　A.barely

　　B.scarcely

　　C.hardly

　　D.totally

　　5.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.

　　A.advised

　　B.caused

　　C.forced

　　D.promised

　　6.Even sensible men do absurd things.

　　A.unusual

　　B.ridiculous

　　C.special

　　D.typical

　　7.She bumped inot her boyfriend in town this morning.

　　A.walked

　　B.came

　　C.fled

　　D.ran

　　8.This sort of thing is bound to happen.

　　A.sure

　　B.quick

　　C.fast

　　D.swift

　　9.At the age of 30,Hersey suddenly became a celebrity.

　　A.boss

　　B.manager

　　C.star

　　D.dictator

　　10.He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one.

　　A.judge

　　B.assess

　　C.distinguish

　　D.recognize

　　11.They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the lndians who dwell in it.

　　A.live

　　B.sleep

　　C.hide

　　D.gather

　　12.The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity.

　　A.method

　　B.measure

　　C.way

　　D.manner

　　13.The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.

　　A.old-fashioned

　　B.traditional

　　C.conventional

　　D.balanced

　　14.The food is inadequate for ten people.

　　A.demanded

　　B.qualified

　　C.insufficient

　　D.required

　　15.She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends.

　　A.persisted

　　B.insisted

　　C.resisted

　　D.suggested

　　第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，第题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的.是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　When We Are Asleep

　　Everyone dreams,but some peopole never recall their dreams,or do so very rarely.Other people always wake up with vivid recollections (记忆) of their dreams,though they forget them very quickly.In an average night of eight hours’ sleep,an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes,probably having three to five dreams,each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.

　　Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain.During dreaming,these waves move more quickly.Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids,just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals (哺乳动物) studied,including dogs,monkeys,cats,and elephants,and also some birds and reptiles (爬行动物).This period of sleep is called the“D”state for around 50% of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.

　　Dreams take the form of stories,but they may be strange and with incidents not connected,which make little sense.Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know.One estimate says that two-thirds of the“cast”of our dream dramas are friends and relations.Vision seems an essential part of dreams,except for people blind from birth.Sound and touch are senses also often aroused,but smell and taste are not frequently involved.In“normal”dreams,the dreamer may be taking part,or be only an observer.But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.

　　However,the dreamer does have control over one type of dream.This type of dream is called a“lucid”(清醒的) dream.Not everyone is a lucid dreamer.Some people are occasional lucid dreamers.Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time.In a lucid dream,the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.

　　16.Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams.