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职称英语历年真题《卫生A》试题
在日常学习、工作生活中，我们最熟悉的就是试题了，试题是学校或各主办方考核某种知识才能的标准。还在为找参考试题而苦恼吗？以下是小编为大家整理的职称英语历年真题《卫生A》试题，希望对大家有所帮助。
职称英语历年真题《卫生A》试题 1
Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimers diseasel and may ultimately allow physicians to predict 51 is at risk of getting this neurological disorder.
The only current means of 52 the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.
"Since Alois Alzheimer described the 53 nearly a century .ago, people have been trying to find a way to 54 diagnose it in its early stages, " said Patricia Grady, acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland. "This discovery, if 55 , could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease. "
Alzheimers is the single greatest 56 of mental deterioration in older people, affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States 57. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function, and eventually causes death. There is currently no known 58 for the disease.
Researches 59 that the skin cells of Alzheimers patients have defects that interfere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells. The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimers 60 from physiological changes throughout the body, and that dementia may be the first noticeable 61 of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain, scientists said.
The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells supply of calcium, another 62 element.
One test developed by researches calls 63 growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that 64 the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.
A spokesman for the Alzheimers Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic test can be proven it would be an important 65, but cautioned that other promising tests for Aizheimers have been disappointing.
51. A. what
B. one
C. it
D. who
52. A. fighting
B. carrying
C. transmitting
D. diagnosing
53. A. answer
B. effect
C. disease
D. study.
54. A. slowly
B. accurately
C. newly
D. incorrectly
55. A. designed
B. announced
C. confirmed
D. reported
56. A. cause
B. factor
C. focus
D. exception
57. A. finally
B. lonely
C. yet
D. alone
58. A. examination
B. evidence
C. treatment
D. fact
59. A. discovered
B. predicted
C. expected
D. warned
60. A. keeps
B. breaks
C. results
D. translates
61. A. affect
B. remove
C. collect
D. form
62. A. steady
B. natural
C. continuous
D. critical
63. A. at
B. out
C. for
D. of
64. A. start
B. get
C. follow
D. govern
65. A. chance
B. concept
C. development
D. decision
答案与解析
51.D。本题考查关系代词。题干：科学家们发现，采用皮肤化验的方法可以判断病人是否患有老年痴呆症，并且最终有助于医生预测__________有患上这种神经功能紊乱性疾病的危险。此处是“预测”的宾语从句，而该从句缺少主语，所以用who引导。因此该题答案为D。
52.D。本题考查语义线索。题干：要 __________ 一个病人是否患有这类疾病，目前唯一的方法是进行一系列长期而昂贵的测试，以排除导致痴呆的其他病因。四个选项分别代入后，只有diagnose the disease(诊断疾病)比较符合语境，所以该题答案为D。
【考点延伸】fight for/against sth为……而战/为反对……而战
53.C。本题考查语义线索。题干：自从艾洛伊斯阿尔茨海默记载了这个__________以后，近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够在早期阶段就能__________诊断出这种疾病的方法……本文讨论的早老性痴呆症，因而是记载了这个疾病以来，所以该题答案为C。
54.B。本题考查语义线索。题干：自从艾洛伊斯阿尔茨海默记载了这个疾病以后，近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够在早期阶段就能__________诊断出这种疾病的方法……四个选项分别代入，显然是寻求精确诊断的方法，所以该题的答案为B。
55.C。本题考查语义线索。题干：这个发现如果__________，将会意味着我们在治疗和了解这种病症方面前进了一大步。上文提到近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够精确诊断的方’法，所以一旦该发现得到证实，将使一大进步，所以该题的答案为C。
56.A。本题考查语义线索。题干：早老性痴呆是导致老年人大脑功能退化的唯一的重要。早老性痴呆与大脑退化有着直接的联系，而不仅仅只是影响因素，所以选择reason比较符合语境
57.D。本题考查语义线索。题干：早老性痴呆是导致老年人大脑功能退化的唯一的重要原因。在美国，就有约250万到400万人患有这种疾病。四个选项分别代入后，仅仅在美国比较符合逻辑，突出早老性痴呆的严重性，所以该题答案为D，其他三个都与语境不搭。
58.C。本题考查语义线索。题干：目前，对这种病仍然没有已知的。四个选项分别代入后，结合上下文可知是没有已知的治疗方法，所以该题答案为C，其他三个都与语境不搭。
59.A。本题考查语义线索。题干：研究者早老性痴呆症患者的皮肤细胞有缺损，这种缺损会影响人体对出入于细胞的钾的流量的调控。四个选项分别代入后，结合上下文可知研究者发现了早老性痴呆症患者的皮肤细胞有缺损的症状，所以该题答案为A，其他三个都与语境不搭。
60.C。本题考查语义和固定搭配。题干：科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺损这个事实表明，早老性痴呆人体全身的生理变化，并且大脑细胞受损带来的`变化所产生的最为明显的就是痴呆。四个选项都可以跟后面的介词from搭配，其中keep from意为“阻止，抑制”，break from意为“决裂，挣脱”，result from意为“起因于，由……造成”，translate…from…意为“从……翻译为……”，但是语境是分析早老性痴呆的原因，所以result from比较符合语境，因而答案为C。
【考点延伸】resultin(导致);be causedby(由……引起);bring about(因此，产生)
61.A。此处考查语义线索。题干：科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺损这个事实表明，早老性痴呆由人体全身的生理变化所引起，并且这种受损大脑细胞时，这种变化所产生的最为明显的影响就是痴呆。四个选项分别代入后，此处就是分析受损细所带来的影响，因此affect(影响)比较符合此处的语境，其他三个选项跟语境不搭。
62.D。这里考查语义和并列结构。题干：钾的流量对于与记忆密切相关的细胞至关重要。科学家还发现还有两种细胞的缺损会影响细胞中钙的含量。钙也是一种元素。从“also”可知前后的分句之间为并列关系，讨论的是细胞的缺损会带来钾和钙的流失，由此可知此处也应填入critical一词，与上一句相照应。
63.c。此处是考查固定搭配。题干：研究者进行的皮肤测试中有一种在实验室环境中培养皮肤细胞。call与选项中的四个词都可以组成固定搭配，其中call at意为“拜访，访问”，call out意为“唤起，大声喊”，call for意为“要求”，call of意为“邀……同去”，但是只有call for符合语境，所以该题答案为C。
【考点延伸】call off(取消，删除);call up(召集)
64.D。此处考查语义线索。题干：研究者进行的皮肤测试中有一种要求在实验室环境中培养皮肤细胞，然后使用检电器进行测试，检查钾量的极微小管道是否畅通。四个选项分别代入后，可知微小管道的主要功能就是来控制钾量，因而该题的正确答案为D。
65.C。此处考查语义线索。题干：早老性痴呆研究协会的一名发言人说，这种诊断性测试如果得到证实，将是一个重要的__________。根据语境，如果诊断性测试得到证实，就会给早老性痴呆的诊治提供帮助，所以这是一个重要的进步，因此该题的答案为C。备考。
职称英语历年真题《卫生A》试题 2
The Palm Islands are the largest artificial islands in the world and are under construction in Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates. They are being developed as tourist, leisure, and residential resorts, and will increase the coastline of the country by 120 kilometers.
After four years of planning and careful consideration of the environmental issues, construction started in 2001. Dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea were employed in the building of the fhst two islands. The site for all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep. Sand is taken from the seabed and sprayed into the construction site. Although the shallow water facilitates this process, the islands are still very exposed to the currents and tidal movements of the sea. Rocks are used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent (月状的)structure. This acts as a breakwater and protects the islands from the sea.
The first two islands are in the shape of date palm trees and consist of a trunk and 17 frond, or leaves coming off the trunk. The first island, named Palm Jumeirah, has three five-star hotels in the trunk, and luxury homes in the leaves. It is astonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004,they were all sold within three days.
The second palm, Jebel All, was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre. Six marinas ( 小游艇船坞 )are planned, with a water theme park, and homes built on stilts ( 桩柱 )in the water.
The Palm Deira planned to be the largest of the three islands, with a length of 14 km and a width of 8.5 km, an area larger than the city of Paris. It will consist of residential properties, marinas,shopping malls, sports facilities, and clubs. These will be open to both residents and tourists.
More artificial islands, the World Islands, are now being constructed near the Palm Jumeirah.
They consist of 300 private islands grouped into the shape of the continents of the world and will be used for estates, private homes, community islands, and resorts.
Unquestionably, these artificial islands are one of the wonders of the modem world. They will also maintain Dubais status as one of the leading tourist destinations in the region.
16. Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. All the luxury homes on Palm Jumeriah were sold.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The water theme park in Jebel Ali will attract more tourists.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The Palm Deria will be the same size as Paris.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. The World Islands are bigger than the Palm Jumeriah.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案与解析
16.A。题干：一些荷兰的工程师在退海造地方面很有经验。利用题干关键词Dutch engineers可以定位第二段“Dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea wereemployed in the building of the first two islands”，即“有着退海造地经验的荷兰工程师受雇于最早两个岛屿的建设”，由此可知，题干信息与原句信息一致，故答案为A。
17.B。题干：岛屿建在海的深水区。利用题干关键词deep water可以定位到第二段“The sitefor all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep”。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息不一致，故答案为B。
18.C。题干：用于建造防波堤的岩石取自世界之岛。利用题干关键词rocks和WbrldofIslands可以定位第二段“Rocks are used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent(月状的)structure.This acts as a breakwater and protects the islands from the sea.”，即“岩石用来固定沙子并形成月状结构，这起到了防波堤的作用从而保护岛屿不受海水的影响”，但是没有提及这些岩石的来源，由此可知答案为C。
19.A。题干：Palm Jumeriah上那些奢华的房子都卖掉了。利用题干关键词luxury homes和Palm Jumeriah等可以定位到第三段“The first island，named Palm Jumeirah，has three five—star hotels in the trunk，and luxury homes in the leaves.It is astonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004，they were all sold within three days”，即“第一个岛屿取名为Palm Jumeriah，树干部分是五星级的`宾馆，叶子之中是一些奢华的房子，但是令人吃惊的是这些房子在2004年开始出售，结果三天时间就销售一空”，由此可知，题干信息与原句信息一致，故答案为A。
20.C。题干：JebelAli岛的水主题公园将吸引更多的游客。利用题干关键词JebelAli和tourists可以定位到第四段“Jebel Ali，was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre.Six marinas are planned，with a water theme park，and homes built on stilts(桩柱)in the water”，即“JebelAli始建于2002年，其规划设计是一个娱乐中心。该岛上准备建6个小游艇船坞，并有水主题公园以及建在水里木桩上的房子”，但是没有提及游客的事情，故答案为c。
21.B。题干：Palm Deria跟巴黎一样大。利用题干关键词Palm Deria和Paris可以定位到第五段“The Palm Deira planned to be the largest of the three islands.with a length of l4 km and a width of8.5 km，an area larger than the city ofParis.”，即“Palm Deira是三个岛屿中最大的，长14千米，宽8.5千米，比巴黎市还大”。由此可知，题干信息与原句信息不一致，故答案为B。
22.C。题干：World Islands比Palm Jumeriah还要大。利用题干关键词World Islands和Palm Jumeriah等可以定位到第六段，该段中提到World Islands位于Palm Jumeriah附近，但是没有提及两个岛屿的大小，故答案为C。
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