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2017职称英语考试综合类A模拟题：阅读理解
不少考生开始备考2017年职称英语考试，为了帮助大家更好地备考职称英语考试，yjbys网小编为大家提供了相应的练习题，以下是职称英语考试综合类A模拟题：阅读理解，供大家练习。
第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。每道题后面有4个选项，请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Endangered Species
Endangered species are plants and animals that are in immediate danger of extinction.
Extinction is actually a normal process in the course of evolution. Since the formation of the earth,many more species have become extinct than those exist today. These species slowly disappeared because of change of climate and their failure to adapt to such conditions as competition and predation. Since the 1 600s, however, the process of extinction has greatly accelerated as a result of both human population growth and technological encroachment on natural ecology systems. Today the majority of the world's environments are changing faster than the ability of most species to adapt to such changes through natural selection.
Species become extinct or endangered for number of reasons, but the primary cause is the destruction of natural habitats. Drainage of wetlands, cutting and clearing of forests, growth of cities, and highway and dam construction have seriously reduced available natural habitats. As the various surroundings become fragments, the remaining animal population crowd into smaller areas,causing further destruction of natural surroundings. Species in these small "islands" lose contact with other populations of their extinction.
Some private and government efforts have been organized to save declining species. Laws were made in some countries in the early 1 900s to protect wild animals from commercial trade and killing. International endeavors are shown in the convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, approved by 51 nations. Its purpose is to restrict exploitation of wild animals and plants by regulating and restricting trade in certain species. How effective such laws will be in various countries, however, depends on enforcement and support by the people and the courts. Because of lack of law enforcement, the willingness of some segments of society to trade in endangered species, the activities of people who catch and kill animals illegally and dealers w.ho supply the trade, the future of many species is in doubt in spite of legal protection.
31. According to the passage, which of the following is the most important factor causing the rapid extinction of many species since the 17th century?
A. Human beings are not aware of the importance of preserving endangered species.
B. Some endangered species have already reached the end of their life span in evolution.
C. The development of human society has greatly affected natural ecology systems.
D. The world's climate has changed greatly that most species cannot survive.
32. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the word "islands" refers to
A. the lands that are completely surrounded by water.
B. the wild animals' breeding grounds protected by law.
C. the pieces of land separated by modern buildings and roads.
D. the small and isolated areas inhabited by certain species.
33. This passage mentions all of the following causes for the extinction of many species EXCEPT
A. natural selection of species.
B. various natural disasters.
C. commercial trade and killing.
D. destruction of natural surroundings.
34. According to the passage, which of the following is most important in saving declining species?
A. Governments should make some laws to protect endangered species.
B. People should pay more attention to the protection of natural surroundings.
C. Relevant law must be made and enforced with the support of the people.
D. Some organizations should warn people not to trade in endangered animals.
35. How does the author feel about the prospect of protecting endangered species from being extinct?
A. Worried.
B. Optimistic.
C. Indifferent.
D. Confident.
第二篇
Americans Get Touchy
The New York Times recently reported that American teens are hugging practically everyone they see. Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off "What's up!" to the handshake or high-five. For young people across the country, hugging is the new "Hello".
Girls are hugging girls. Boys are hugging boys. Girls and boys are hugging each other. And,like every major trend, there are lots of variations on the form. There's the classic, full-body,arms-around-the-person bear hug, the casual one-armed side hug, the group hug and the hug from behind. There's the handshake that turns into a hug and the hug that turns into a pat on the back.
As trends go, this one seems pretty innocent. But some parents, teachers and school administrators are worried nonetheless. Will young people who aren't comfortable with physical contact feel peer pressured into hugging? Will kids who don't receive hugs feel left out? Could an extra-long hug slide into the more ominous territory of sexual harassment?
In response to some of these concerns, some schools have set up new rules to limit or eliminate hugging. One school head has created a three-second limitation for hugs at her school. A few schools have taken even more drastic measures, placing a ban on all forms of touching between students.
A few important points are being left out of the discussion. While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching--saving hugs and kisses for relatives, romantic partners and very close friends--people in many other parts of the world have been greeting each other this way for ages.
In Latin America or Western Europe, in countries like Spain, France, and Italy, a kiss on the cheek is common among women, as well as among women and men who are not romantically involved. The cheek-kiss varies by region. Sometimes it is just an air kiss blown past the face. In other places, the proper way of greeting is to deliver a kiss upon both cheeks, or sometimes even a triplet of kisses performed by kissing one cheek, then the other, then back to the first.
Latin American men are more likely to shake hands when greeting other men, but in some countries like Turkey, its not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek. Meanwhile, for the Maori people of New Zealand, a traditional greeting called the "hongi" involves pressing noses together.
So, from a global perspective, the new trend of teen hugging in America is not so "new" after all. People all around the world move in close to say hello, and Americans are just now joining in.
36. The word "practically" in the first paragraph could be best replaced by
A. certainly.
B. nearly.
C. actively.
D. voluntarily.
37. Which of the following is NOT among the typical ways of greetings in the past?
A. Hands off"What's up".
B. Handshake.
C. High-five.
D. Embrace.
38. Some parents, teachers and school administrators concern the new trend of hugging for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A. some young people get involved into the trend due to peer pressure.
B. those who don't receive hugs feel left out.
C. there's the danger that hugging slide into the more ominous territory of sexual harassment.
D. diseases could be transmitted more easily through the extra-long body contact.
39. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Teenagers across the US hug everyone they see in nearly the same way.
B. Although some adults worry about the trend, few measures have been taken to ban on it.
C. Traditionally, the US people have been reserved about hugging between anybody.
D. In some countries, its usual for men to kiss each other on the cheek.
40. We can infer that the author holds a attitude toward the new trend of hugging is__________.
A. positive.
B. negative.
C. indifferent.
D. conservative.
第三篇
Immigration and Problems
Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration fights in the US filled streets all over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens not criminals. Many of these supported legislation from Senator John McCain that would open a path to citizenship to immigrants who were already in the country illegally. Proposed legislation from other politicians called for stricter measures--including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries.
Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors open. They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005,according to the Canadian Government statistics. However, all this growth means that cities need to adapt. Newcomers don't always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring programs to help new immigrants find proper jobs.
With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and showing no sign of abating, the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There will be no more mass amnesties for illegals, and anyone coming to Spain without permission will be sent back,the government has announced. About 23,000 migrants landed on the islands in 2006, and riots have erupted in some crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to the United Nations for help.
France's new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. The new law authorizes the government to identify particular professions where France has a talent shortage. Then the government will help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employees will be granted "skills and talents" visas, valid for three years. But some concern that it'll cause brain drain in developing countries.
41. Many immigrants swarmed into streets in the US in early 2006, demanding that they should be treated as
A. animals.
B. citizens.
C. civilians.
D. criminals.
42. Some Canadian officials want to keep the door open because
A. Canada is in desperate need of talented people..
B. Canada can feed a much larger population.
C. Canada is suffering from labor shortage.
D. Canada is a multicultural country.
43. What has the Spanish Government decided to do?
A. Help immigrants find proper jobs.
B. Let immigrants freely enter the country.
C. Integrate immigrants into the Spanish culture.
D. Take tough measures against illegal immigration.
44. After France's new immigration and integration law takes effect, it will
A. lure overseas students back home.
B. undermine the unity of the country.
C. drain developing countries of talent.
D. induce resentment among the French workers.
45. The phrasal verb "rounding up" in Paragraph 1 could be best replaced by
A. capturing.
B. encircling.
C. separating.
D. frightening.
答案与解析：
第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇
31.C。细节题。题干：根据短语，下列哪个是17世纪以来物种迅速灭绝的重要原因?根据17th century回到原文定位。首段的第五句有相关信息，大意是：物种灭绝过程迅速加剧的原因在于人口的增长以及对自然生态系统的技术侵害(encroachment)，与C选项意义相符。
32.D。词汇题。题干：第二段中的island指的是__________。根据指代题的原则可知，island应是上一句话中small area的另一种说法。D选项是该句的同义改写，isolated(孤立的)是fragment的近义说法。
33.C。细节题。题干：关于动物灭绝的原因，下列哪一项没有提到?由题干中causes for extinction得知，原文中关键词前后表示因果关系的表达方式很重要。原文用了because of,as，a result of,cause等词(如原文标注)来提示答案所在，通过比较得知，只有C选项(商业贸易和杀戮)未被提及。
34.C。细节题。题干：根据短文，下列哪项是挽救濒临灭绝的动物的最重要的措施?由文章第三段主题句得知该段主要讲如何保护濒危动物。由本段倒数第二句可知，法律的有效程度取决于实施及法院和人们的支持。因此，C选项正确。
35.A。态度题。题干：作者对有关保护濒临灭绝的动物的态度是什么?回到原文最后一句能找作者对濒危动物保护前景(prospect)的态度词in doubt(值得怀疑的)，证明作者态度并不是乐观的(optimistic)，也不是有信心的(confident)。indifferent(漠不关心的)一般都是混淆项，不能选。所以A是正确答案。
第二篇
36.B。词汇题。题干：第一段中practically的含义为__________。方法一：通过查词典可知其意为“几乎，实际地”;方法二：可以使用代入法，B(几乎)是最为通顺的，意为“拥抱几乎所有的人”。
37.D。细节题。题干：下列哪项不是传统的问候方式?用限定词in the past回到原文定位，首段出现了答案。末句讲到hugging(拥抱)是新型的打招呼方式，因此选项D(拥抱)不是过去打招呼的典型方式，该选项中用embrace代替了huggin9。
38.D。细节题。题干：有些家长、老师和学校管理者关注拥抱的问候方式，下列哪一项不是其原因?由关键词some parents，teachers and school administrators定位到第三段第二句，答案应该在此前后。此段并列的两个问句讲到了A、B、C三个原因，未提及D(超长时间拥抱容易传染疾病)。
39.D。细节题。题干：下列说法哪一项是真实的?此题改为定位选项关键词来答题。倒数第二段的首句提供的信息与D选项内容相符，只是原文使用了双重否定结构(it is not unusual)来表示肯定。其他几个选项都与原文有出入。
40.A。态度题。题干：作者对拥抱问候的态度是__________。寻找作者对hugging(拥抱)的态度词是关键。在末段可看到这样一句话：(通过拥抱)全世界的人越来越紧密。由此可知，作者的态度是积极的，故选A。
第三篇
41.B。细节题。题干：2006年年初在美国许多移民涌入街道，他们要求受到怎样的对待?答案可以从第一段的第二句话中找到。这句话说：许多移民举着标语和美国国旗，要求按公民而不是罪犯对待。
42.C。细节题。题干：一些加拿大官员想把门开着的原因是什么?答案可以从第二段中找到。前三句话是这么说的：加拿大官员说移民申请继续高涨，一些官员想把门开着，他们需要劳动力。
43.D。细节题。题干：西班牙政府决定做什么?答案可以从第三段中找到。第一句话说：随着大批的无证非洲移民来到加里那群岛且没有减弱的迹象，西班牙政府决定采取严厉的措施。
44.C。细节题。题干：法国新的移民和融入法案生效后，会发生什么情况?答案可以从最后一段的最后一句中找到。这句话说：但是有些人担心，这个法案会导致发展中国家的人才流失。
45.A。细节题。题干：第一段中的短语rounding up由哪个词替换最合适?根据文意该词义为“围捕”，故capturing(捕捉)是正确选项。
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