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2017职称英语《卫生A》完形填空专项试题与答案
完形填空
text 1
World Heart Day
Sunday was World Heart Day. The World Heart Federation and its member groups in more
than one hundred countries organized the celebrations. The World Health Organization and other United Nations agencies provided support for the 1
World Heart Day was first observed six years 2. Organizers proposed the event as a way to help reduce the spread of heart disease. The World Heart Federation says heart 3 kills seventeen million people each year.
The group urges people to be active and have a good, healthy diet. It also warns 4 activities known to increase a person's risk of heart attack or stroke.
Some of the warnings are directed at children. The World Heart Federation says about twenty-two million boys and girls under the age of five are obese-severely overweight.
Children are normally energetic and active. 5 , two thirds of all children are not active enough. Such children greatly 6 their risk of becoming obese. They also increase their 7 of developing heart disease or other disorders.
One message of World Heart Day is to eat right. Children 8 eat a healthy and balanced diet. Also, limit sugary drinks, sweets and eating between meals.
The World Heart Federation urges parents to keep their children 9. It says physical exercise helps to decrease the risk of obesity and 10 a child healthy. Obese children often become obese adults. 11 you believe your child is too heavy, talk with a health care provider.
The World Heart Federation is also concerned about the effects of tobacco on young people. It says the younger someone begins to smoke, the 12 the chance of a health problem tied to smoking. Half of the young people who continue to smoke are. 13 to die later in life from a smoking-related disease.
The group says almost half of all children live with a smoker. It says children who live with a 14 can breathe an amount of tobacco equal to more than two thousand cigarettes. And that is by the time they are five years old.
The World Heart Federation also says parents should warn children not to be 15 by tobacco companies. And it says parents who smoke should try to stop.
1. A. group
B. event
C. organization
D. agency
2. A. earlier
B. before
C. ago
D. past
3. A. accident
B. health
C. disease
D. beating
4. A. against
B. toward
C. upon
D. onto
5. A. Therefore
B. However
C. Hence
D. But
6. A. manage
B. lower
C. meet
D. increase
7. A. mood
B. desire
C. age
D. risk
8. A. may
B. might
C. should
D. will
9. A. young
B. happy
C. early
D. active
10. A. maintains
B. protects
C. keeps
D. helps
11. A. If
B. Although
C. After
D. Because
12. A. greater
B. harder
C. slimmer
D. lesser
13. A. supposed
B. possible
C. likely
D. lucky
14. A. patient
B. relative
C. parent
D. smoker
15. A. influenced
B. bought
C. employed
D. troubled
text 2
Middle Age: A Low Point for Most
People around the globe hit the height of their misery and depression in middle 1 ., a new international study suggests. The finding by British and American researchers was based on an analysis of well-being among approximately 2 million people in 80 nations. With few exceptions,the observation appears to apply across the board, regardless 2 gender (性别) , culture,geography, wealth, job history, education, and marriage or parental status.
"The scientific fact seems to be that happiness and positive mental health follow a giant 'U' 3 through life," said study author Andrew J. Oswald, a professor of economics at Warwick University in Warwickshire, England. "For the average person, it's high when you're 20, and then it slowly 4 and bottoms out in your 40s. But the good news is that your 5 health picks up again, and eventually gets back to the high levels of your youth."
The finding was 6 on the pooling of several different sources of happiness data,including: two multi-decade happiness/satisfaction surveys (first launched in the 1970s), involving about 500,000 American and Western European men and women; four rounds of the 80-nation "World Values Survey" 7 between 1981 and 2004 in North America, Eastern and WesternEurope, Asia, Africa, Australia, and Central and South America; and a 2004-2007 survey 8 nearly 1 million Britons.
The bottom-line: For most people throughout the world, the highest probability for 9 striking is around 44 years of age.
In the United States, however, some as-yet unexplained 10 differences were observed, with happiness among men dipping the most in their early 50s, whereas women hit their nadir (最低点 ) around the age of 40.
The researchers cautioned that cheerful people tend to live longer than unhappy. 11 – a fact that might have skewed (使偏斜) the overall finding. But they also suggested that evidence of a happiness 12 might simply reflect a midlife choice to give up long-held but no longer tenable (守得住的) aspiration (志向), followed by a senior's sense of gratitude for having successfully endured 13 others did not.
"That said, some might find it helpful simply to understand the general 14 of mental health as they go through their own life," said Oswald. "It might be useful for people to realize that if they are 15 in their 40s this is normal. It is not exceptional. And just knowing this might help".
1. A. age
B. place
C. height
D. degree
2. A. of
B. for
C. to
D. by
3. A. color
B. size
C. shape
D. letter
4. A. improves
B. moves
C. rises
D. falls
5. A. mental
B. personal
C. general
D. physical
6. A. focused
B. concluded
C. decided
D. based
7. A. measured
B. conducted
C. checked
D. inspected
8. A. calling
B. counting
C. involving
D. passing
9. A. cancer
B. depression
C. accident
D. injury
10. A. race
B. gender
C. education
D. income
11. A. men
B. people
C. women
D. couples
12. A. curve
B. line
C. axis
D. table
13. A. unless
B. because
C. while
D. if
14. A. moods
B. figures
C. views
D. trends
15. A. weird
B. low
C. old
D. weak
参考答案与解析
text 1
1.B。从上文语境来看，前句说要举行庆祝活动，世界卫生组织和联合国其他机构支持的自然是这项“活动”，而不是其他选项。
2.c。从上文语境来看，本句谓语是一般过去时，提示了应该选择ago。
3.C。从上文语境来看，上句提到要控制心脏病(人)的增加。本句又说每年造成l700万人死亡，可见还是在说心脏“病”。
4.A。从上文语境来看，空白处后面activities的定语证明这些活动是该组织所不提倡的，故应是warn against(警告某人不要做某事)。
5.B。这里考查的是状语从句。上句说，儿童一般是精力充沛、活泼好动的，本句却说三分之二的儿童不够活跃，可见应该选择表示转折的词。但由于空白处后面已有逗号，所以只能选择However，不能选择But。
6.D。根据常识也应该知道，不活泼好动的儿童变胖的危险性一定会“增加”，绝不会“减少”。
7. D。从上文语境来看，前句已经提到“增加变胖的危险性”，变胖当然也会增加患心脏病或其他疾病的“危险性”。
8.C。本段讲的是要吃得恰当的问题。第一句只是提要，第二、三句则是具体说明，健康和平衡的饮食当然是“应该”吃的。
9.D。从上文语境来看，上面提到，三分之二的儿童不够活跃，空白处的下一句又提到体育锻炼，提示了此处应选择active。
10.C。从上文语境来看，体育锻炼可以使孩子“保持”身体健康，这是人所共知的;从语法上看，四个选项中只有keep后面能接“宾语+宾语补足语”。
11.A。从上文语境来看，本句说要求家长与健康顾问交流，那在什么情况下去交流呢?只有选择If才恰当。如果选择Because，则是承认每个孩子都超重是一个事实，这显然不符合逻辑。
12.A。从常识上也可知道，一个人抽烟越早，患与抽烟有关的疾病的可能性就“越大”。
13.C。从上文语境来看，本句与上句有紧密联系，空白处显然需要填上一个表示“可能”的词。两个表示“可能”的选项中，只有likely可以说sb.is likely to do sth.，而possible则不可以这样用。
14.D。从上文语境来看，显然必须选择smoker，因为只有与抽烟者住在一起才谈得上吸进烟的数量。
15.A。从上文语境来看，这里想说父母要提醒孩子，不要受烟草公司的“影响”。如果选择troubled(意思是“被……所困扰、所苦恼”)，意思就说不通。
text 2
1.A。这里考查的是词汇。句意：一项国际调查显示，全世界的人们在中间__________的时候会到达悲伤沮丧的顶点。结合下文可知，此处表达“年龄”的含义，故选A(年龄)。
2.A。这里考查的是介词。句意：除几个特例外，这个调查适用于各地，__________性别、文化、地理位置、财富、工作历史、教育、婚姻和父母的阶层。固定短语regardless of意为“不管，不顾”，符合句意，所以答案为A。
3.C。这里考查的是词汇。旬意：科学表明，人生中的快乐和心理健康成U__________。很显然，此处表达“呈现U形状态”，故C(形状)为正确答案。
4.D。这里考查的是词汇。句意：平均来讲，在20岁的时候它是最高的，然后慢慢地__________，在40岁的时候最低。很显然，此处从最高“降到”最低，故D为正确答案。
5.A。这里考查的是词汇。句意：但是好消息是你的__________健康又恢复了，最终达到年轻时的水准。根据上文，“科学表明，人生中的快乐和心理健康是成U字形的”可知此处应选择mental(精神上的，思想的)，故选A。
6.D。这里考查的是词汇。句意：这个发现是__________一系列不同幸福数据的集合得来的。此处考查短语be based on(根据，以……为基准)，故选择D。
7.B。这里考查的是词汇。旬意：这个调查包括美国和西欧的50万男女;1981年到2004年 __________ 4轮80国的“世界价值调查”，包括北美、东欧、西欧、亚洲、非洲、澳大利亚、美国中部和南部;和2004——2007年调查 __________ 近100万英国人。四个选项：measure(测量)，conduct(开展)，check(检查)，inspect(视察)，可知conduct最符合题意，
因此选择B。
8.c。这里考查的是词汇。句意：这个调查包括美国和西欧的50万男女：1981年到2004年4轮80国的“世界价值调查”，包括北美、东欧、西欧、亚洲、非洲、澳大利亚、美国中部和南部;和2004——2007年调查__________近一百万英国人。很显然此处表达“包含，涵盖”的意思，因此C(包括)为正确答案。
9.B。这里考查的是词汇。句意：最低线：对世界上大多数人来说，最可能的__________是在44岁左右发生的。此处讲最低线，因此空格处应和“低”为近义词，故B(萧条，衰落)为正确答案。
10.B。这里考查的是词汇。句意：在美国发现了一些无法解释的__________区别：男人的幸福点在50多岁时最低，而女人是在40岁的时候达到最低点。此处的对比点是男人和女人，因此空格处为gender(性别)，所以选择B。
11.B。这里考查的是词汇。句意：研究者发现那些活得开心的人比活得不开心的__________要活得长久。对比“和”前后的短语可知此处应选择people，故答案为B。
12.A。这里考查的是词汇。文章中提到幸福点有最高点也有最低点，因此应该是曲线，故选择A。
13.c。这里考查的是词汇。此处表达转折意，应选择while(然而)，故答案为C。
14.D。这里考查的是词汇。句意：也就是说，仅仅理解人生中心理健康的大体__________也是有好处的。根据曲线，我们可以了解心理健康的大体趋势和走向，因此D(趋势)为正确答案。
15.B。这里考查的是词汇。句意：这有可能帮助人们认识到，如果他们 __________ 40岁的年龄，这是很正常的。后一句接着讲这不是例外，因此此处选择low(低)。
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