2015年职称英语考试模拟题

　　单项选择题

2015年职称英语考试模拟题

　　1、Safety officials have earnestly, questioned whether the increased use of synthetic materials heightens the risk of fire.

　　A.cautiously

　　B.severely

　　C.accurately

　　D.seriously

　　2、 We have a responsibility to ensure our nation's continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic scientific research.

　　A.effective

　　B.efficient

　　C.significant

　　D.reasonable

　　3、阅读材料，回答题。

　　How does Organisms Ward off Invaders

　　The livelihood of each species in the vast and intricate assemblage of living things depends on the existence of other organisms.This interdependence is sometimes subtle，some times obvious.Perhaps the most straightforward dependence of one species on another occurs with parasites，organisms that live on or in other living things and derive nutrients directly from them.The parasitic way of life is widespread.A multitude of microorganisms(including viruses and bacteria，and an army of invertebrates or creatures lacking a spinal column(including crustaceans，insects，and many different types of worms)make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures.In the face of this onslaught，living things have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms for protecting their bodies from invasion by other organisms.

　　Certain fungi and even some kinds of bacteria create substances known as antibiotics into their external environment.These substances are capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of various kinds of bacteria that also occupy the area，thereby eliminating or reducing the competition for nutrients.The same principle is used in defense against invaders in other groups of organisms.For example，when attacked by disease--causing fungi or bacteria，many kinds of plants produce chemicals that help to ward off the invaders.

　　Members of the animal kingdom have developed a variety of defense mechanisms for dealing with parasites.Although these mechanisms vary considerably，all major groups of animals are capable of detecting and reacting to the presence of“foreign”cells.In fact，throughout the animal kingdom from sponges to certain types of wornls shellfish，and all vertebrates(creatures possessing spinal column)

　　there is evidence that transplants of cells or fragments of tissues into an animal are accepted only if they come from genetically compatible or closely related individuals.

　　The ability to distinguish between“self”and“non-self”，while present in all animals，is most efficient among vertebrates，which have developed an immune system as their defense mechanism.The immune system recognizes and takes action against foreign invaders and transplanted tissues that are treated as foreign cells.

　　What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　A.How parasites reproduce.

　　B.How organisms react to invaders.

　　C.How antibiotics work to cure disease.

　　D.How the immune system of vertebrates developed.

　　4、 When we listen to music, we are easily put in mind of events in the past.

　　A.remembered

　　B.reflected

　　C.memorized

　　D.reminded

　　5、The group does not advocate the use of violence.

　　A.support

　　B.limit

　　C.regulate

　　D.oppose

　　6、He made a number of rude remarks about the food.

　　A.signs

　　B.manners

　　C.noises

　　D.comments

　　7、The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.

　　A.parts

　　B.pains

　　C.aspects

　　D.results

　　8、The book raised a storm of controversy.

　　A.damage

　　B.voice

　　C.argument

　　D.doubt

　　9、(C) Life as a Movie Extra

　　1　Ordinary people have always been attracted to the world of movies and movie stars. One way to get closer to this world is to become a movie extra.Although you have seen movie extras, you may not have paid attention to them. Extras are the people seated at tables in a restaurant while the two main actors are in conversation. They are the guests at the wedding of the main characters. They are the people crossing the street while “the bad guy" is being chased by the polica.Extras don’t normally speak any lines, but they help make the scenes look real.

　　2　Being a movie extra might seem like a lot of fun. You get to see what life is like behind the scenes. But don’t forget that being an extra is really a job, and it’s mostly about doing nothing. First-time extras are often shocked to learn how slow the process of movie making is. In a finished movie, the action may move quickly. But it can sometimes take a whole day to shoot a scene that appears for just a few minutes on the screen.

　　3　The main requirement for being an extra is the ability to wait. You may report to work at 5 or 6 A.m.，and then you wait until the director is ready for your scene.This could take several hours. Then there maybe technical problems, and you have to wait some more.After the director says“action”and you do the first “take”，you may have to do it again if he or she is not satisfied with the scene.In fact, you may have to do the same scene over and over again. You could be on the set for hours, sometimes waiting outdoors in very hot or cold weather. You may not be finished until 11 p. m. or midnight. The pay isn’t good, either — often only a little bit above minimum wage.And you must pay the agent who gets you the job a commission of about 10 percent.

　　4　So who would want to be a movie extra? In spite of the long hours and low pay, many people still apply for the job.Some people truly enjoy the work. They like being on a movie set, and they enjoy the companionship of their fellow extras. Most of them have flexible schedules, which allow them to be available.3They may be students, waiters, homemakers, retired people, or unemployed actors. Some unemployed actors hope the work will help them get real acting jobs, but it doesn’t happen often. Most people in the movie industry make a sharp distinction between extras and actors, so extras are not usually considered for large parts.

　　5　The next time you see a movie，don’t just watch the stars. Take a closer look at the people in the background, and ask yourself : Who are they? Why are they there? What else do they do in life? Maybe there is someone in the crowd who is just like you.

　　阅读短文，回答题。

　　What is true about movie extras?

　　A.Only agents get them jobs in movies.

　　B.They often have to wait around on movie sets and do nothing.

　　C.It’s a good way to get a real acting job.

　　D.They can have drinks in a restaurant.

　　10、It's prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.

　　A.workable

　　B.sensible

　　C.possible

　　D.feasible

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