英语例证题阅读技巧

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英语例证题阅读技巧

　　英语阅读中的题型分为九大类：例证题，指代题，词汇题，句子理解题，推理题，主旨题，作者态度题，判断题以及细节题。小编整理了英语例证题阅读技巧，欢迎欣赏与借鉴。

英语例证题阅读技巧

　　例证题

　　1．标志：case,example,illustrate,demonstrate,exemplify

　　2．解题的关键：不在于是否看懂例子，而在于例子所支持的论点。

　　3．具体做题方法：返回原文，定位该例子，然后80%向上20%向下搜索该例子所支持的论点。然后在四个选项中找到与观点意思最接近的一个作为答案。。

　　4．错误选项的设计方法：（1）列举例子中的具体事例（2）混淆论点论据（3）列举无关常识。

　　例题：

　　2001text2

　　57. The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of ________.

　　[A] providing financial support overseas

　　[B] preventing foreign capital’s control

　　[C] building industrial infrastructure

　　[D] accepting foreign investment

　　解题三步骤：

　　（1）阅读题干，确定关键词：

　　关键词：case of the United States

　　（2）定位到段（文章第四段）

　　To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’s Second Wave infrastructure -- including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on -- were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be. That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.

　　（3）定位到句，同义替换，得出答案。

　　结合例证题的解题方法：返回原文，定位该例子，然后80%向上20%向下搜索该例子所支持的论点：

　　第四段的观点句：To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States.

　　即：贫穷国家应该抛弃“外国资本投资是对主权的一种侵犯”的错误观念。而美国基础设施建设刚好论证了这一点。换而言之就是：应该接受外国资本的投资。即选项D.

　　再看下其他选项：

　　[A] providing financial support overseas向海外提供资金资助

　　【分析】偷换概念：该选项是将改段观点中的“接受投资”改成了“向外投资”

　　[B] preventing foreign capital’s control防止外国资本的控制

　　【分析】断章取义：文中提到foreign investment is an invasion，但这是作者建议人们应该摈弃的观点。

　　[C] building industrial infrastructure建设工业基础设施

　　【分析】列举例子中的具体事例来代替观点：这是例证题中常见的错误答案的设置之一，例子是为了说明观点，而不是用例子来说明例子。

　　换个角度来解题：【关键词+感情色彩】

　　观点中的关键词是：foreign investment，作者对其的感情色彩是“get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment”。在解题的时候，我们就需要找到符合这两个条件的选项

　　A：选项中没有提到关键词，也没有包含感情色彩

　　B：选项中有关键词“foreign capital”可以和观点中的关键词进行同义替换，满足一项。但是对于foreign capital的情感态度却是抵触，消极的，因此排除。

　　C：选项中没有关键词，也没有包含感情色彩。

　　D：有关键词“foreign investment”，且对于关键词的态度是“accept”和“get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices”的情感色彩一样。可选。

　　长难句解析

　　To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment.

　　1,句子主干：some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices。

　　2，句子其他成分：句首不定式作目的状语.with 是介词短语作后置定语

　　3，固定搭配：

　　impoverished countries贫穷国家

　　get over克服，摒弃

　　with respect to 关于...；就...而言

　　4，句子切分：

　　To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment。

　　这是一个简单句，句中也没有从句的嵌套，因此只需要将句子细分就行：

　　（1）先找介词：to,of,to,over,with,to

　　（2）再将句子细分：第一个介词to ，是不定式放句首作目的状语，可以切分。第二个介词of，是一个a of b 的结构，而of b 比较短，不需要切分。第三个介词to，是have to do sth可以不用切分。第四个介词over，是固定搭配get over ，由于over后面接的成分比较长，可以切分。第五个和第六个介词with，to,是介词短语做后置定语，可以切分。

　　5，原句再现：

　　To take advantage of this tool,/ some impoverished countries will have to get over /their outdated anti-colonial prejudices /with respect to foreign investment。

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