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英语阅读理解技巧与练习
小编认为:在英语学习过程中,一个好的阅读技巧能够很大程度弥补能力上的不足。因此对英语阅读技巧总结以及磨炼,是提升自己英语阅读技巧的一个好办法。良好的阅读技巧可以大大的提高做题的效率和准确性,接下来就和大家分享一下英语阅读技巧总结与实践。仅供参考!
英语阅读技巧总结与实践一:单词量的累积
所有的英语考试都离不开词汇量的累积,利用一些实用的单词记忆方法,像是词根记忆法或者字母组合记忆法等提高自己的记忆效率。最好能把单词的记忆融入到生活中去,可以自己制作一些小卡片随身带,只要有空的时候就可以拿出来看看,巧妙利用零碎的时间记忆单词,同时也让单词记忆不是那么的枯燥。
英语阅读技巧总结与实践二:记录笔记
由于考试机考的性质决定了考生没有办法对文章的内容进行标注,这样考生对文章的把握能力就没有那么强。因此考生要学会对文章的内容和信息点进行记录,加强自己对文章结构以及主旨大意的理解。在做阅读笔记时,要注意记录的结构一定要清晰,能够便于自己在回看的时候能清楚明白文章的主题以及重要的信息点。
英语阅读技巧总结与实践三:猜测
其实学会猜也是一个比较实用的英语阅读技巧,特别是在英语阅读考试中,文章中的词汇量比较大,不免有些单词考生会不知道其含义,但是不能因为一个单词的不认识而影响到整个阅读理解的答题。考生可以集合上下文的含义来推测出不认识单词的意思。其实在出题之初就考虑到有些单词是考生不必掌握的,为了不影响考生整个阅读的节奏,在文章中会给出这些单词的相关解释,只要考生们仔细阅读,把握住这些语句,有些问题就迎刃而解。
英语阅读技巧总结与实践四:排除法
排除法也是在英语阅读考试中一个很实用的技巧。排除法使用的基本要求是考生们了解雅思阅读理解的选项设置。由于题目中错误选项多为细节信息,排除法也是屡试不爽。而且在选项中重点考查考生同义替换的能力,很容易就能排除错误的选项。
英语阅读范例解析引路例一:
One day, a doctor was looking over the eyesight of the young men who were ready to join the army. By Jeff’s turn the doctor pointed to the eye chart(图表)on the wall and said, “Please read the top line, young man.”
“The top line of what?”
“The top line of the chart.”
“What chart?”
“The one on the wall.”
“Where’s the wall?” Jeff asked. At last the doctor thought the young man’s eyesight was too poor. He couldn’t join the army.
That evening the same young man was at the cinema when another man came and sat next to him. When the film was over and the lights went on, the young man found that it was the doctor who sat next to him. At once he said to the doctor, “Excuse me, madam, but does this bus go to the Museum Street?”
Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).
1. The young man hoped to be a soldier.
2. At first the doctor believed what the young man had said.
3. The young man’s eyesight was really weak.
答案
1—3 FTF
解析
本题属于阅读理解正误判断题。从文章的选材来看,是一篇故事性的短文。内容大意是描写一个叫Jeff的年青人,他不想去服兵役,在体检时假装自己的视力不好而去欺骗医生。医生相信了他,因此他不能去参军。而晚上在电影院时,Jeff碰巧又遇到了医生。Jeff非常聪明,又用一句谎言而蒙混过关。此阅读材料共设三道小题:
第一小题题干的意思是说这个年青人想当兵。文章中没有一句话直接告诉考生这句话的答案是不对的,但从整个短文的意思来看,他是不喜欢参军的,否则他也不能假装视力不好。这道题属于推理判断题。
第二道小题,题干的意思是说医生开始的时候相信了年青人的话。这道题属于语义理解性题目,在短文中第六段中“At last the doctor thought the young man’s eyesight was too poor.”这句话中可以看出答案是正确的。
第三道小题意思是说这个年青人的视力真的不好。这道题的设题上属于逻辑推理性题目,因为从文章的最后一段可知,他视力如果不好,就不可能去看电影,也不可能认出医生来。本道题是阅读理解中的第一篇,故事情节幽默,句子简单易懂。难度不大,旨在缓和考生面对中考时的紧张情绪。考生在答题中先读懂短文,理解短文的大意和脉络,然后依据短文内容对试题后给出的句子进行是非判断。同进,对每一道题进行判断时,应从文章的具体段落和句子中找到判断的依据,不能凭印象想当然。对有些似是而非的句子,一定要认真识别,只有完全符合文章意思的方可判定为正确。
英语阅读范例解析引路例二:
People all over the world eat rice. Millions of people in Asia, Africa, and South America live on it. Some people eat almost nothing but rice. Rice is a kind of grass. There are more than 7,000 kinds of rice. Most kinds are water plants. Farmers grow rice in many countries, even in the south of the United States and in eastern Australia.
China is the world’s largest rice-growing country. In 2003, China grew 166 million tons of rice. But it is not easy to feed the world’s largest population. In the 1960s, thousands of Chinese died because they didn’t have enough food to eat. In the 1970s, Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, grew a kind of rice called hybrid(杂交) rice. It makes 20% more rice than any other kind. Hybrid rice is a stronger plant, unlike ordinary rice. It can grow in lots of water or in not much water. It doesn’t easily get diseases or worms.
Today, half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s special hybrid rice. China uses Yuan’s hybrid rice to grow much more rice than before. Yuan is known as the Father of Hybrid Rice. He won the World Food Prize for his work to help feed so many people.
Choose the best choice from ABC or D according to the passage above.
1. Rice is grown ______ in the world.
A. in lots of countries B. for humans and animals
C. only on wet land D. by Chinese farmers
2. China _____ in the world.
A. offers the best rice to people B. harvests the most rice
C. has the largest farmland D. is short of rice
3. Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice ______.
A. gets sick more often B. is ordinary rice
C. can grow without water D. can make more rice than the others
4. The Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is famous for ______.
A. the Father of Rice B. his rice to feed all Chinese
C. his hybrid rice D. growing different kinds of rice
答案
1—4 ABDC
解析
本题属于阅读理解选择题,是中考阅读理解最常见的题型。本文是一篇科普性的文章,通过介绍我国科学家袁隆平及他所培育的杂交水稻,以及他在自己平凡的工作岗位上为国家做出的杰出贡献,向学生渗透热爱科学的理念,培养学生脚踏实地,认真做事、做学问的求实精神。
第一道小题的设题属于语义理解性题目,在世界的什么地方可以种植水稻,从文章中的第一段中“Farmers grow rice in many countries”,只有答案A中用的“lots of”这个词,many与lots of是同义词,因此从这句话可以选出答案A是正确的。
第二道小题也属于语义理解性题目,从第二段的第一句话“China is the world’s largest rice-growing country.”可以推断出答案B是正确的。
第三道小题属于直接理解性题目,从第二段中的“It makes 20% more rice than any other kind.”可以选出答案D是正确的。
第四道小题属于归纳概括性题目,需认真阅读全文,仔细推敲每个答案:答案A具有片面性,文章中说他是the Father of Hybrid Rice而不是the Father of Rice;答案B 的题干是his rice to feed all Chinese,而在文章中说half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s special hybrid rice,此答案明显是不正确的;答案C是正确的;答案D的题干是growing different kinds of rice,而从文章中可以得知Yuan Longping只是种植杂交水稻。答题时考生要在正确理解短文内容的基础上,认真看清短文后的题目内容和要求,然后根据短文内容,运用分析、排除等方法选择正确答案。对短文中没有直接说明又无法从短文所提供的材料上明确做出判断的,就要在理解字面意思的基础上进行深入分析、推理,或联想短文材料以外的常识加以考虑,从而推断出正确答案。
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