2017英语四级阅读练习
引导语：想要提高英语阅读水平，唯有多练习，以下是百分网小编为大家整理的2017英语四级阅读练习，欢迎阅读!
阅读一
There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work，just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine(内燃机)has something to do with burning fuel， expanding gases and pistons (活塞)being driven.For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further，students might be helped by a course that considers the computer‘s impact on society.But that is not what is meant by computer literacy.For computer literacy is not a formof literacy (读写能力);it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.
Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities.A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers.But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who havechosen programming as a career.While programming can be lots of fun，and while our society needs some people who are experts at it，the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.
Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult，and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”。Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen.What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car”，that is，it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that，once acquired，enable one to use a computer.
In fact，“learning to use a computer” is much more like “learning to play a game”，but learning the rulesof one game may not help you play a second game，whose rules may not be the same.There is no such a thingas teaching someone how to use a computer.One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.To be the competent citizens of tomorrow，people should _______.
A.try to lay a solid foundation in computer science
B.be aware of how the things that they use do what they do
C.learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills
D.understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car
2.In the second paragraph“auto repair”and“violin-making”are mentioned to show that _______ .
A.programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin
B.our society needs experts in different fields
C.violin making requires as much skill as computer programming
D.people who can use a computer don‘t necessarily have to know computer programming
3.Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because _______ .
A.programs are becoming less complicated
B.programs are designed to be convenient to users
C.programming is becoming easier and easier
D.programs are becoming readily available to computer users
4.According to the author，the phrase“learning to use a computer”(Lines3，4，Para.3) means learning _______.
A.a set of rules B. the fundamentals of computer science
C.specific programs D. general principles of programming
5.The author‘s purpose in writing this passage is _______.
A.to stress the impact of the computer on society
B.to explain the concept of computer literacy
C.to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow
D.to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job
答案及解析：
1.[C] 推理判断题。第2段提到未来有能力的人应该从恐惧中解脱出来，第3段则提到学习计算机则就像是“学开车”一样，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可知有能力的人只需要通过掌握技能学习计算机即可，而不必学习编程，故C正确。
2.[D] 词义理解题。在第2段中，作者强调一般人只需学会使用计算机，而不必学会编程，最后指出这与“汽车修理”和“小提琴制作”一样，可见作者提到“汽车修理”(类似一般人使用计算机)和“小提琴创作”(数似于电 脑专业人员编程)还是为了说明上文的观点，故D正确。
3.[B] 事实细节题。第3段首句提到学习使用计算机越来越容易的原因是计算机编程变得更user-friendly， B中的convenient to users与此相符，故正确。
4.[C] 句意理解题。第4段指出教人学习使用计算机就是教人use this or that program，故C与此相符。
5.[B] 主旨大意题。本文围绕学生应如何学习计算机，阐述计算机能力(computer literacy)的概念;它只是一种技能，故B正确。A、C、D均只是利用文中的片言只语拼凑而成的干扰项，不足以概括文章大意。
阅读二
When families gather for Christmas dinner，some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma‘s generation.Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver，and the dress code will be Sunday-best.
But in many other homes，this china——and——silver elegance has given way to stoneware (粗陶)——and——stainless informality，with dresses assuming an equally casual——Friday look.For hosts and guests， the change means greater simplicity and comfort.For makers of fine china in Britain，it spells economic hard times.
Last week Royal Doulton，the largest employer in Stoke-onTrent，announced that it is eliminating 1，000 jobs——one-fifth of its total workforce.That brings to more than 4，000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region.Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing，the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts.A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”toward casual dining. Families eat together less often，he explained，and more people eat alone，either because they are single or they eat in front of television.
Even dinner parties，if they happen at all，have gone causal.In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules，busy hosts insist，rightly，that it‘s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates inthe family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party.Too often，the perfect moment never comes，Iron a fine-pattened tablecloth? Forget it.Polish the silver? Who has time?
Yet the loss of formality has its down side.The fine points of etiquette(礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents(“Chew with your mouth closed.”“keep your elbows off the table.”)must be picked up elsewhere.Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.The trend toward casual dining has resulted in ______
A.bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers
B.Shrinking of the pottery industry
C.restructuring of large enterprises
D.Economic recession in Great Britain
2.Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?
A.Family members need more time to relax.
B.Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.
C.People want to practice economy in times of scarcity.
D.Young people won‘t follow the etiquette of the older generation.
3.It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is _______
A.a retailer of stainless steel tableware
B.a dealer in stoneware
C.a pottery chain store
D.a producer of fine china
4.The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _______
A.the increased value of the pound
B.the economic recession in Asia
C.the change in people‘s way of life
D.the fierce competition at home and abroad
5.Refined table manners， though less popular than before in current social life， _______
A.are still a must on certain occasions
B.are bound to return sooner or later
C.are still being taught by parents at home
D.Can help improve personal relationships
答案及解析：
1.[B] 推理判断题。首先依据题目中的casual dining找到第2段中的informality.其后有两个for引导的介词短语，后一个说“对于英国精致瓷器的制造商来说，这(informality)意味着经济困难时期”;此外，第3段用数据具体指出陶瓷业裁员之严重，说明陶瓷业在萎缩，即B.A、D均属夸大事实，C与文章内容无关。
2.[B] 事实细节题。根据倒数第2段第2句中指出现今休闲文化流行的背景：工作时间长，家庭生活节奏紧张，B中的 Busy schedules与文中的demanding family schedules对应，故为答案。
3.[D] 事实细节题。Royal Doulton在文章中出现过两次：第3段说它裁员，因为人们用餐越来越随意(不再讲究餐具的精致);第 4 段中“A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company……”，暗示公司的性质，可以推断它是精制器皿的生产者。
4.[C] 事实细节题。根据题目中的the layoffs找到文章第4段首句，其中的have their roots in相当于题目中的main cause is，shifts相当于C中的change.其实本题与第1题是交叉相关的，从第1题的题目可找到本题的答案。
5.[A] 事实细节题。根据最后一段，特别是第2句“The fine points of etiquette…… must be picked up elsewhere良好的餐桌礼仪必须在其他地方被重拾起来”，可知礼仪在某些场合还是必要的，故答案为A.
阅读三
In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child‘s acquisition (学会) of each new skill- the first spoken words，the first independent steps，or the beginning of reading and writing.It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads.On the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children.Some may be especially strict in money matters.Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals.In general，the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child‘s own happiness.
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing child，consistency is very important in parental teaching.To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德)。Also，parents should realize that “ example is better than precept ”。If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)，their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves，and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents‘ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.Eagerly watching the child‘s acquisition of new skill ______
A.can be avoided
B.is universal among parents
C.sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D.will make him lose interest in learning new things
2.In the process of children‘s learning new skills parents ________
A.should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B.should not expect too much of them
C.should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D.should creative as many learning opportunities as possible
3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________
A.parents should be strict with their children
B.parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community.
C.parental restrictions vary， and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone.
D.parental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation.
4.The word “precept” (Line3， Para.3) probably means “_______”
A.Idea
B.punishment
C.behavior
D.instruction
5.In moral matters， parents should ________
A.observe the rules themselves
B.be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C.forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D.consistently ensure the security of their children
答案及解析：
1.[B] 事实细节题。第1段第1句中的every parent，often等词表明这种做法在父母中是非常普遍的，显然B与之相符。A说法无原文依据，且由原文可看出题干所述现象是很难避免的;C中dangerous—词在原文中本是修饰其他情绪，故C不符;D是过多地让孩子自己一个独处的后果，不是题干所述行为的后果。
2.[C] 推理判断题。第1段第2句说明父母逼得太过分，应避免。最后一句则说明对小孩太放任自流同样不利。由这两点，我们可以做出如下判断：父母对孩子的“严”和“松”之间有一个恰当的“度”。C与之相符。
3.[C] 事实细节题。文章第2段表明：不同的家长对孩子的管制程度不同;家长对小孩的管制不仅是为了孩子个人的幸福，也反映了父母的需要以及社区的价值观，故C与原文相符。
4.[D] 词义理解题。由precept所在句可猜测precept应与example相对，且与下文的preach意思相近，故D正确。
5.[A] 推理判断题。第3段提到父母应该避免讲一套做一套，结合最后一段可得出结论：关于思想道德教育问题，父母应以身作则，带头遵循，故A正确。
阅读四
Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality，but when it comes to mycollege education I am an idealist and a fool.In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and，of course，any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department，famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that‘s not what I did.
I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts(文科)university that doesn‘t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously，this was not a practical choice;I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career.I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science orengineering. My parents，teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice.They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years，and I believed them.
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn‘t care if you have values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer：technical genius and sensitive humanist(人文学者)all in one.
Now I‘m not so sure.Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality，as all noble ideals eventually do.After three years of struggling to balance math，physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses，I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.
The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don‘t mix as easily as I assumed in high school.Individually they shape a person in very different ways;together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ________.
A.intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
B.wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
C.intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
D.wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
2.According to the author，by interacting with people who study liberal arts， engineering students can ________.
A.broaden their horizons
B.become noble idealists
C.receive guidance in their careers
D.balance engineering and the liberal arts
3.In the eyes of the author，a successful engineering student is expected ________.
A.to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
B.to be a technical genius with a wide vision
C.to have an excellent academic record
D.to be wise and mature
4.The author‘s experience shows that he was ________.
A.creative
B.irrational
C.ambitious
D.Unrealistic
5.The word“they”in“together they threaten to confuse.”(Line 3，Para. 5) refers to ________.
A.practicality and rationality
B.engineering and the liberal arts
C.reality and noble ideals
D.flexibility and a value system
答案及解析：
1.[C] 事实细节题。根据文中第2段第3、4句的具体说明以及第3段末句的概括说明“我将成为一个完整的工程师：集理性的技术天才和感性的人文学者于一体。”可知C正确。
2.[A] 事实推理题。由文章第2段第4句“我想通过与非理工科的同学的相互交往来开阔我的视野”，可推断出A正确。其他均无原文依据或断章取义。
3.[B] 事实推理题。第3段最后一句说，“我将成为一个完整的工程师：集技术天才和人文学者于一体”，B“成为视野宽阔的技术天才”与原文相符，故选B.A、C、D均无原文支持或断章取义。
4.[D] 事实推理题。根据第4段第2句“我的崇髙理想与现实发生了冲突”，以及下文对于作者在协调文理科之间的困难可知，原文的想法是不现实的，故可推断D正确。
5.[B] 词义理解题。they—般指代前一句话中的复数名词，根据最后一段的第1、2句“…engineering and the liberal arts simply don‘t mix as easily…together they threaten to confuse”可以推断，they指的是engineering and the liberal arts.
阅读五
It‘s very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多样化)is taking place.It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund，we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的) leaders;none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity.In fact，they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place，diversity.In fact，they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place，diversity is an imperative.They also say that the need for talented，skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees.And in looking at where birth rates are growing andat where the population is shifting， corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promotingpolicies that help provide skills to more minorities，more women and more immigrants.Corporate leaders know that if that does not occur in our society，they will not have the engineers，the scientists，the lawyers，or the business managers they will need.
Likewise，I don‘t hear people in the academy saying.“Let’s go backward.Let‘s go back to the good old days，when we had a meritocracy(不拘一格选人才)” (which was never true-we never had a meritocracy，although we’ve come closer to it in the last 30 years.) I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years.I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time，and she remembers that when she first joined the community，there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus.Now，all of us feel the university is betterbecause corporate board rooms or on college campuses.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.The word“imperative”(Line5，Para.1) most probably refers to something _____
A.Superficial
B.remarkable
C.debatable
D.essential
2.Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?
A.Minorities.
B.Politicians.
C.Professors.
D.Managers.
3.High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to ______
A.lower the rate of unemployment
B.win equal political rights for minorities
C.be competitive in the world market
D.satisfy the demands of a growing population
4.It can be inferred from the passage that _____
A.meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
B.American political circles will not accept diversity
C.it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U.S. Media
D.minorities can only enter the fields were no debate is heard about diversity
5.According to the passage diversity can be achieved in American society by ____
A.expanding the pool of potential employees
B.promoting policies that provide skills to employees
C.training more engineers， scientists lawyers and business managers
D.providing education for all regardless of race or sex
答案及解析：
1.[D] 词义理解题。本句说到公司要在地球村和全球市场上竞争，多样性是imperative，由前文“没有取消引起多样性的手段”和下文提到的公司对各种各样有技能的美国人的需求可知，多样性对于企业来说应该“必需的”故D正确。
2.[B] 事实细节题。第2段末句指出这种辩论主要存在于政治圈和媒体中，结合上句内容，可知其中的this debate指的就是关于多样性的辩论，故B正确。
3.[C] 事实细节题。由第1段第4句可知，公司高层领导人促进多样化的原因是想要在全球市场上更具竞争力，C与此相符。
4.[A] 推理判断题。第2段中提到有些人认为在没有多样性的过去照样能做到不拘—格选人才，但作者马上which was never true否定此观点，故A正确。第2段只提到多样性的辩论存在于政治圈和媒体，但并不代 表在这两个圈子里不能接受或从未出现多样性，故排除B、C;D说法过于绝对，且在文中找不到依据，也可排除。
5.[D] 推理判断埋。由第1段倒数第2句可知企业expand the pool就意味着向more minorities，more women 和 more immigrants提供技能培训，而expand the pool对应的就是题干中的说的多样性的形成，D中的race 和sex分别对文中minorities和women，故正确。A泛泛而谈，没有说到点子上，不如D具体、准确;B与多样性没有关系，C是利用文中的有关职业的词拼凑而成的干扰项。
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