2016职称英语《卫生A》的试题及解析

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2016职称英语《卫生A》的试题及解析

　　英语是职场里升职的法宝。以下是YJBYS网小编整理的2016职称英语《卫生A》的试题，希望对你复习有帮助。

2016职称英语《卫生A》的试题及解析

　　第三部分：概括大意与完成句子

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试，任务：(1)1-4题要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5-8题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

　　Aromatherapy(芳香疗法)

　　1. Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated ‘essential’ oils from the flowers， leaves， bark， branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing properties. In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils， such as almond(杏仁)oil， or they are diluted(稀释)with water. These solutions(溶液剂)can be rubbed on the skin， sprayed in the air， or applies as a compress(敷药)。

　　2. Many people have aromatherapy massages(按摩)， and depending on the treatment a person is having， the aromatherapist will massage the oil into the hands or shoulders. The massage is smooth and flowing， as it is designed to create a sense of relaxation and calm. The sessions are tailored to the individual‘s health and mood at the time， so every session is unique.

　　3. Practitioners of aromatherapy believe that the aroma of the ‘essential’ oils directly stimulates the brain or that the oils are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream where they can affect the whole body and promote healing. Other clams in support of aromatherapy are that it aids digestion improves the functioning of respiratory system， reduces muscular aches and pains， and promotes muscle relaxation and tone. It has also been argued that aromatherapy can improve circulation， lower blood pressure， and help combat insomnia(失眠) and other stress-related disorders such as tension headaches， anxiety， and mild depression.

　　4. However， while aromatherapy may have real effects that promote a sense of well-being， some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers. While research has confirmed that aromatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people， it also suggests that aromatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness. Furthermore， not all aromatherapy is considered beneficial to health. There are precautions which should be taken before having aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certain medical conditions. The study of aromatherapy is relatively new and unexplored. More research needs to be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects.

　　23. Paragraph 1 __________ 答案：F

　　24. Paragraph 2 __________ 答案：E

　　25. Paragraph 3 __________ 答案：A

　　26. Paragraph 4 __________ 答案：C

　　A. Current research into aromatherapy

　　B. Aromatherapy and conventional medicine

　　C. Different views about aromatherapy

　　D. Introduction to aromatherapy

　　E. Doubts about the benefits aromatherapy

　　F. Personalized aromatherapy massage

　　27. Aromatherapy is a mixture oil from parts of the plants to

　　答案：E

　　28. The sessions of aromatherapy massages are designed to

　　答案：A

　　29. Aromatherapy is believed to ______ in various ways

　　答案：C

　　30. The used and benefits of aromatherapy need to

　　答案：B

　　A. suit different people

　　B. be further explored

　　C. help the disabled

　　D. be used externally

　　E. have healing effects

　　F. be promoted

　　第四部分：阅读理解

　　短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　第一篇 A New Strategy to Overcome Breast Cancer

　　Post-menopausal(绝经后)women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly ， a study has suggested. The report ，which followed 73，000 women for 17 years ， found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease . The American Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk.

　　A recent poll for the charity Ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week ， but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers . This study， published in Cancer Epidemiology ， Biomarkers & Prevention ， followed 73.615 women out of 97，785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between 1992 and 1993，so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.

　　They were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and on how much time they were active and participating in activities such as walking ， swimming and aerobics(有氧运动)and how much time they spent sitting watching television or reading . They completed the same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009.Of the women，47% said walking was their only recreational activity . Those who walked for at least seven hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancer compared to those who walked three or fewer hours per week.

　　Dr. Alpa Patel ， a senior epidemiologist at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta ， Georgia ， who led the study ， said：“Given that more than 60% of women report some daily walking ， promoting walking as a healthy leisure-time activity could be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity amongst post-menopausal women . We were pleased to find that without any other recreational activity， just walking one hour a day was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in these women.”“More strenuous(紧张的)and longer activities lowered the risk even more.”

　　Baroness Delyth Morgan， chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign ， said：“This study adds further evidence that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influencing the risk of breast cancer and even small changes incorporate into our normal day-to-day activity can make a difference.”

　　She added：“We know that the best weapon to overcoming breast cancer is the ability to stop it occurring in the first place. The challenge now is how we turn these

　　findings into action and identify other sustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer.“

　　31. All of the following factors relating to cancer risk were mentioned in the passage EXCEPT________

　　A. regular walking

　　B. breathing exercise

　　C. recreational activity

　　D. lifestyle choices

　　答案：B

　　32. It can be inferred from Dr. Alpa Patel‘s study that____.

　　A. daily walking could cut the chance of breast cancer

　　B. women have fewer chances of physical activity

　　C. leisure-time activity is not associated with cancer risk

　　D. walking is not recommended for women with breast cancer

　　答案：A

　　33. Dr. Alpa Patel was_____.

　　A. chief editor of Cancer Epidemiology

　　B. chair of the American Cancer Society

　　C. chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign

　　D. head of the survey study

　　答案：D

　　34. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. Most women take walking as their only recreational activity.

　　B. The study aims to track the health conditions of its subjects.

　　C. Irregular walking increased the risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women

　　D. Walking was the only recreational activity for about half of the women surveyed.

　　答案：D

　　35. The word “sustainable” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______ .

　　A. affordable

　　B. available

　　C. persistent

　　D. continuable

　　答案：D

　　第二篇

　　Around 45% of the UK‘s carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy people use every——at home and when they travel . In order to generate that energy， fossil fuels (coal oil， and gas) are burnt， and these produce greenhouse gases—— in particular carbon dioxide (CO2) a year， and it is the same CO2 that is changing the climate and damaging the environment.

　　CO2 and various other gases wrap the earth in an invisible blanket helping to prevent heat from escaping. Without this greenhouse effect， the average temperature on Earth would be around -18℃， compared with the current average of around +15℃。 The composition of this blanket of gases has remained relatively constant for many thousands of years. However， since the industrial revolution began around 200 years ago， people have been burning increasing amounts of fossil fuels， thus releasing more CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the process. This has increased the heating effect of the blanket， trapping more of the sun‘s energy inside the Earth’s atmosphere in turn the Earth‘s temperature has increased more rapidly in a shorter pennd of there that it has for thousands of years.

　　In 2008， the total UK CO2 emissions were 533 million tones 27% (144 million tonnes ) of those emissions came from the energy used to heat， light， and power homes. Transport emissions caused by passenger cars， buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16% (87 million tonnes ) of the UK‘s CO2 emissions. These figures show that a significant amount of CO2 results from ordinary citizens’ carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.

　　The effects of climate change can be seen all around us. Weather patterns are cecoming more and more fractured and uncertain， and over the last century trends in warm weather have become increasingly common. In the UK in the last 40 years， winters have grown warmer with much heavier rainfall. One of the clearest shifts over the last 200 years is towards summers that are hotter and drier， causing pervasive water shortages. Recent years have been the hottest since records began and during August 2003 the hottest outdoor temperature in the UK was recorded ——38.5.

　　36. What is the author‘s main aim?

　　A. To explain the greenhouse effect

　　B. To describe the effects of climate change in the UK

　　C. To show how much CO2 is produced by ordinary people‘s activities

　　D. To illustrate how industrial activity create the greenhouse effect

　　答案：B

　　37. What is the author‘s opinion about the level of CO2 emissions in the UK?

　　A. The majority of CO2 emissions come from motorized transport.

　　B. CO2 emissions may cause climate change in the future

　　C. More CO2 emissions come from homes than from cars

　　D. The average citizen does not create much CO2

　　答案：C

　　38. CO2 emissions from vehicles

　　A. are a more serious problem than energy shortage

　　B. do not cause any problems

　　C. are high because the average household owns a car

　　D. contribute considerably to greenhouse gases

　　答案：D

　　39. The results of climate change in the UK can be seen in

　　A. cooler summers

　　B. water supply

　　C. warmer winters

　　D. stronger winds

　　答案：C

　　40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. Ways of reducing the UK‘s CO2 emissions

　　B. UK citizens‘ carbon footprint

　　C. The effect of industry on climate change in the UK

　　D. Changes in weather patterns in the UK

　　答案：C

　　第三篇：First Sell-contained Heart Implanted

　　A patient on the brink of death has received the world‘s first self-contained artificial heart—a battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires， tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest.

　　Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a sever-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday. The hospital said the patient was “awake and responsive” Tuesday and resting comfortably. It refused to release personal details.

　　The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation， and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person‘s life by only a month. But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patient’s quality of life.

　　The new pump， called AbioCor， is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s， which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those， the Jarvic-7， used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine.

　　“I think it‘s potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development，” said Dr. David Faxon， president of the American heart Association. However， he said the dream of an implantable， permanent artificial heart is not yet a reality： “This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated.”

　　Only about half of the 4，200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year， and most of the rest died. Some doctors， including Robert Higgins， chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond， said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hears.

　　“A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years，” he said. “It‘s going to be hard to replace that with a machine.”

　　41. The first two paragraphs tell that the sell-contained artificial heart

　　A. had brought the patient to the brink of death

　　B. did not need to get power from outside the body

　　C. was made of titanium and pump

　　D. was invented by two surgeons from the University of Louisville

　　答案：C

　　42. According to the report， patient who received the first self-contained heart

　　A. was said to be in a good condition the next day after operation

　　B. could not afford a donor heart

　　C. died two months after the heart implantation

　　D. was reluctant to release his or her personal information