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2016中考英语名词专题练习试题
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一.选择题(共30小题)
1.(2016•昆明)Each couple in China can have two_____from January 1st，2016( )
A.boy B.girl C.children D.child
2.(2016•重庆)It's sports time.Most ________ students in Class 1are playing football on the playground.( )
A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'
3.(2016•绥化)Our school has fifty﹣six teachers.( )
A.woman B.women C.woman's
4.(2016•宜宾)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ____in Sichuan.( )
A.city B.cities C.citys
5.(2016•南宁)These _______ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.( )
A.man B.men C.woman D.women
6.(2016•绥化) room is big and nice.( )
A.Kate's and Jane's B.Kate's and Jane
C.Kate and Jane's
7.(2016•x疆)This is bedroom.It's tidy and nice.( )
A.Lily's and Lucy's B.Lily and Lucy's
C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy
8.(2016•安顺)There'll be a ________meeting next week，and my parents will ______come for it.( )
A.parents';all B.parents';both
C.parent's;all D.parent's;both
9.(2016•东营)﹣Are you sure this is a photo _______，the famous comedy actress?
﹣It surprised you，didn't it?But she was once really thin.( )
A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling's
C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling's
10.(2016•黑龙江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议)will help China improve with those related countries，especially Pakistan.( )
A.relationship B.agreement C.environment
11.(2016•重庆)﹣﹣﹣It's hot today.Have some ________，please.
﹣﹣﹣No，thanks.I'm not thirsty at all.( )
A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes
12.(2016•绵阳)He was born in Germany，but he has made China his ______.( )
A.family B.address C.house D.home
13.(2016•重庆)It's cold today.Take your______ with you when you go out.( )
A.knife B.coat C.brush D.key
14.(2016•福州)﹣Who is the person you admire the most?
﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles.He is the ______ of China.( )
A.leader B.pride C.voice
15.(2016•达州)﹣﹣﹣Why did Lucy look unhappy?
﹣﹣﹣Because she was so careless that she made many spelling____in her homework.( )
A.friends B.plans C.decisions D.mistakes
16.(2016•江西)Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely.( )
A.gift B.stick C.pet D.watch
17.(2016•滨州)﹣Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?
﹣Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great.( )
A.surprise B.achievement C.education D.satisfaction
18.(2016•青岛)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ______.( )
A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever
19.(2016•苏州)Steve Jobs was full of﹣always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.( )
A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention
20.(2016•广东)The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful.( )
A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles
21.(2016•深圳)﹣Mr.White，could you give me someadvice?I have trouble in learning English.
﹣Sure.First，you should be confident and never give up.Second，…( )
A.introductions B.suggestions
C.instructions
22.(2016•自贡)﹣﹣﹣How can I get some_____about the 2016 Olympic Games?
﹣﹣Why not search the Internet?( )
A.information B.experience C.practice
23.(2016•温州)When an earthquake happens，I think the most important safety _____ is to keep calm( )
A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem
24.(2016•孝感)﹣Mom，I will eat less fast food this year，believe me.
﹣If you make a ________，you must keep it.( )
A.joke B.noise C.mistake D.promise
25.(2016•武汉)﹣﹣﹣Look，the boss is very angry with Alex.
﹣﹣﹣Well，he came late again.But that's no______ to shout at him.( )
A.problem B.lesson C.excuse D.Reason
26.(2016•湖北)﹣﹣﹣Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.
﹣﹣﹣They're for public.This ______ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city.( )
A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece
27.(2016•东营)﹣Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays?
﹣Because they are a symbol of long life.( )
A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles D.dumplings
28.(2016•德州)Bill will be a/an ___________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics.( )
A.guest B.reporter C.tourist D.engineer
29.(2016•山西)During the next few days，I decide to have a good _______ by taking a walk or seeing a movie.I really need to relax.( )
A.meal B.sleep C.rest
30.(2016•河南)﹣﹣Are you going out with Jade tonight?
﹣﹣That's my.Mind your own!( )
A.offer B.business C.question D.chance
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共30小题)
1.(2016•昆明)Each couple in China can have two_____from January 1st，2016( )
A.boy B.girl C.children D.child
【分析】从2016年1月1日起，中国的每对夫妻可以有两个孩子.
【解答】答案：C 根据此空前的two，可知此处需要可数名词的复数形式.boy、girl、child都是单数形式.children为child的复数形式.故选C.
【点评】本题考查可数名词的复数.可数名词变复数时一般在词尾加s.但是也有特殊情况.如child的复数就是children.
2.(2016•重庆)It's sports time.Most ________ students in Class 1are playing football on the playground.( )
A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'
【分析】现在是运动时间.一班的大部分男生在操场上踢足球.
【解答】答案：A
根据句子结构可知该空处在句中作定语修饰名词students，选项中是名词boy的各种形式，有其复数形式和单复数的名词所有格形式，根据名词作定语常用单数形式，且不随后面的名词的数而发生改变(man、woman除外)，故填boy的单数形式即可，故选A.
【点评】本题考查了名词作定语的形式，根据名词作定语常用单数形式，结合选项即可选出正确答案.
3.(2016•绥化)Our school has fifty﹣six teachers.( )
A.woman B.women C.woman's
【分析】我们学校有五十六名女教师
【解答】答案：B.根据语境 teachers是复数，因为woman修饰名词是必须和它修饰的名词保持数的一致，故woman也应为复数women，所以答案为B.
【点评】本题考查可数名词的单复数，考生可根据语境作答.
4.(2016•宜宾)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ____in Sichuan.( )
A.city B.cities C.citys
【分析】在四川，宜宾是最美丽的城市之一.
【解答】答案：B 根据"one of the most beautiful…"可知本句是最高级的句子，表示宜宾是最美丽的城市之一.one of后应用名词的复数形式.city为可数名词，且是以辅音+y结尾的单词，故变复数时应该把y变为i加es.故其复数形式为cities.故选B.
【点评】本题考查名词的复数形式.首先找到one of是做题的关键，只有在复数之中才能挑出之一.其次要能正确写出单词的复数形式.
5.(2016•南宁)These _______ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.( )
A.man B.men C.woman D.women
【分析】这些穿漂亮裙子的女人今天晚上要参加一个晚会.
【解答】答案：D 根据语境these(这些)可知本空应填复数形式，故可排除A，C.根据语境in beautiful dresses(穿漂亮裙子)可知应是女人，故可排除答案B，因此本题答案为D.
【点评】本题考查具体语境中名词的单复数的应用，在理解句意的基础上可正确作答.
6.(2016•绥化) room is big and nice.( )
A.Kate's and Jane's B.Kate's and Jane
C.Kate and Jane's
【分析】凯特与简的房间又大又漂亮.
【解答】答案：C
根据room为单数形式，及is知凯特与简共用一个房间，根据名词所有格用法，表示两者共同拥有只在最后一个人后加's，故应为Kate and Jane's，故选C.
【点评】此题考查名词所有格的用法，考生需注意仔细审题，其中room是完成该题的关键.
7.(2016•x疆)This is bedroom.It's tidy and nice.( )
A.Lily's and Lucy's B.Lily and Lucy's
C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy
【分析】这是Lily和Lucy的卧室，它又整洁又漂亮.
【解答】答案：B
Lily's and Lucy's指两个分别有的，Lily and Lucy's指两人共有的;根据It's tidy and nice.可知这是一个卧室，是单数，所以应该是两人共有的，故选B.
【点评】本题考查名词所有格，先弄清所有格的用法，再根据情景选择正确答案.
8.(2016•安顺)There'll be a ________meeting next week，and my parents will ______come for it.( )
A.parents';all B.parents';both
C.parent's;all D.parent's;both
【分析】下星期将有一个家长会，我的父母都会来参加的.
【解答】答案：B.由于parent(父母)是一个复数名词，其所有格应为parents'根据语境my parents(我的父母亲)是两个人，第二空处应填both(两者都).故答案为：B.
【点评】本题考查名词的所有格，考生需结合语境才能正确作答.
9.(2016•东营)﹣Are you sure this is a photo _______，the famous comedy actress?
﹣It surprised you，didn't it?But she was once really thin.( )
A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling's
C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling's
【分析】﹣你确定这是著名的喜剧演员贾玲的照片吗?
﹣它让你吃惊了，不是吗?但是她曾经真得很瘦.
【解答】答案：C
a photo of sb.=sb's photo某人的照片;of…的，'s也表示"…的"，是所有格形式，故选C.
【点评】本题考查名词所有格，注意所有格的表达方法，根据其形式选择正确答案.
10.(2016•黑龙江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议)will help China improve with those related countries，especially Pakistan.( )
A.relationship B.agreement C.environment
【分析】一带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些(沿线)相关国家的关系，尤其是巴基斯坦.
【解答】答案：A;relationship关系; 联系;agreement协定，协议;environment环境，外界;根据常识，一带一路倡议将会加强与沿线国家的关系;故根据句中信息The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议) will help China improve…with those related countries，especially Pakistan，推测该句句意：带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些(沿线)相关的国家的关系，尤其是巴基斯坦.故选A.
【点评】细读所提供的选项，认真分析它们的不同含义，然后在理解句意把握语境的基础上，选择正确的答案.
11.(2016•重庆)﹣﹣﹣It's hot today.Have some ________，please.
﹣﹣﹣No，thanks.I'm not thirsty at all.( )
A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes
【分析】﹣﹣﹣今天天气很热.请喝些水吧.
﹣﹣﹣不，谢谢.我一点也不渴.
【解答】答案：A
根据选项的意思water"水";potato"土豆";bread"面包";cake"蛋糕"，结合答语No，thanks.I'm not thirsty at all"不，谢谢.我一点也不渴."可推知在上文中对方让他喝点东西，故选A
【点评】首先根据语境，细读选项中四个名词的不同含义，然后通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索即可选出正确答案.
12.(2016•绵阳)He was born in Germany，but he has made China his ______.( )
A.family B.address C.house D.home
【分析】他出生在德国，但是他已经把中国当做他的家.
【解答】答案：D family家庭，家人;address地址;house房子;home家.根据"made China…"可知这是短语make sth sth(把某物看成某物).可知他只能把中国看成他的家.故选D.
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析.四个词的侧重点不同.本题考查抽象意义的"家"，注意与"家人"和"房子"的区别.
13.(2016•重庆)It's cold today.Take your______ with you when you go out.( )
A.knife B.coat C.brush D.key
【分析】今天天气很冷.当你外出时带上你的外套.
【解答】答案：B 根据It's cold today可知，今天很冷，出门要带上外套;又知knife意为"小刀";coat意为"外套，上衣";brush意为"刷子";key意为"钥匙".所以此处应用coat.故选B.
【点评】此题考查名词词义辨析.做题时，找准关键句判断所缺意思，再分析各选项含义，筛选出答案.
14.(2016•福州)﹣Who is the person you admire the most?
﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles.He is the ______ of China.( )
A.leader B.pride C.voice
【分析】﹣你最崇拜的人是谁?
﹣中国导弹之父钱学森，他是中国的骄傲.
【解答】答案：B;leader领导者;pride骄傲;voice嗓音;根据句中信息﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles推知后面额句意：他是中国的骄傲;故选B.
【点评】比较和分析三个选项的不用含义及其用法是解答该题的关键;还要根据句中信息正确推测该句句意，进而作出解答.
15.(2016•达州)﹣﹣﹣Why did Lucy look unhappy?
﹣﹣﹣Because she was so careless that she made many spelling____in her homework.( )
A.friends B.plans C.decisions D.mistakes
【分析】﹣为什么Lucy看起来不高兴?
﹣应为她是如此粗心以至于她的作业犯了很多拼写错误.
【解答】答案：D;friend朋友;plan计划;decision决定;mistake错误;根据句中信息she was so careless推测后面的句意：她的作业犯了很多拼写错误;故选D.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
16.(2016•江西)Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely.( )
A.gift B.stick C.pet D.watch
【分析】一些老人需要一个宠物因为他们感到孤独.
【解答】答案：C
根据选项的意思A、礼物;B、拐杖;C、宠物;D、手表，结合句子的意思是由于老人感觉孤单，因此推知需要有宠物陪伴.故选C
【点评】此题考查名词词义辨析.做题时，找准关键句判断所缺意思，再分析各选项含义，筛选出答案.
17.(2016•滨州)﹣Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?
﹣Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great.( )
A.surprise B.achievement C.education D.satisfaction
【分析】﹣你知道科学家屠呦呦吗?
﹣是的，由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015年的诺贝尔医学奖.
【解答】答案：B
surprise惊讶;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction满意;赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的，故选B.
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，先弄清所给词的词义，再根据情景选择正确答案.
18.(2016•青岛)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ______.( )
A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever
【分析】﹣南希量了体温并且发现她发烧了.
【解答】答案：D
解析：由题目中看出南希量了体温，很容易知道她是发烧了，以下四个选项中只有D是发烧的意思 A.cough咳嗽 B.toothache牙疼 C.cold感冒 D.fever发烧，故选D.
【点评】本题主要是考察对生病的几个单词的理解，根据题目内容，选择合适的词语.
19.(2016•苏州)Steve Jobs was full of﹣always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.( )
A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention
【分析】史蒂夫•乔布斯富有发明创造力，总是产生一些导致社会发生巨大变化的新想法.
【解答】答案：D;instruction教诲;invitation邀请;introduction介绍;invention发明;根据句中信息always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society推知上句句意：史蒂夫•乔布斯富有发明创造力;故选D.
【点评】首先根据语境，细读选项，然后通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索.
20.(2016•广东)The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful.( )
A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles
【分析】破碎的玻璃可能会割到你的手，如果你去碰它的话.你应当小心.
【解答】答案：A.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：玻璃/杯子;B：眼镜/杯子(复数);C：蜡烛(单数);D：蜡烛(复数); 根据设空处后面的动词cut 推测句意是"破碎的玻璃可能会割到你的手，如果你去碰它的话.你应当小心."，由此判断句子中缺少"玻璃"一词，故答案为A.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
21.(2016•深圳)﹣Mr.White，could you give me someadvice?I have trouble in learning English.
﹣Sure.First，you should be confident and never give up.Second，…( )
A.introductions B.suggestions
C.instructions
【分析】﹣﹣怀特先生，你能给我一些建议吗?我学英语有困难.
﹣﹣当然，首先，你应当有信心，永远不要放弃.其次，…
【解答】答案：B.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：介绍/引进;B：建议;C：说明; 根据原句中的advice"建议"一词判断 选项B符合答案，注意suggestion是可数名词而advice是不可数名词，故答案为B.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
22.(2016•自贡)﹣﹣﹣How can I get some_____about the 2016 Olympic Games?
﹣﹣Why not search the Internet?( )
A.information B.experience C.practice
【分析】﹣﹣我如何能够得到一些关于2016年奥运会的信息?
﹣﹣为什么不上网搜索呢?
【解答】答案：A.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：信息;B：经历;经验;C：练习; 根据上下句结合设空处后面的about the 2016 Olympic Games 推测问句的句意是"我如何能够得到一些关于2016年奥运会的信息?"，由此判断句子中缺少"信息"一词，故答案为A.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
23.(2016•温州)When an earthquake happens，I think the most important safety _____ is to keep calm( )
A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem
【分析】当地震发生时，我认为最重要的安全规则是保持冷静.
【解答】答案：A.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：规则;B：疑虑;C：状况;D：问题; 根据When an earthquake happens和设空处前面的safety推测句意是"当地震发生时，我认为最重要的安全规则是保持冷静."，由此判断句子中缺少"规则"一词，故答案为A.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
24.(2016•孝感)﹣Mom，I will eat less fast food this year，believe me.
﹣If you make a ________，you must keep it.( )
A.joke B.noise C.mistake D.promise
【分析】﹣妈妈，今年我会吃更少的快餐食品，相信我.
﹣如果你许诺了，你必须守信.
【解答】答案：D
make a joke开玩笑;make a noise吵闹;make a mistake犯错;make a promise许诺;根据I will eat less fast food this year可知这是一个许诺，故选D.
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，先弄清所给词的词义，再根据情景选择正确答案.
25.(2016•武汉)﹣﹣﹣Look，the boss is very angry with Alex.
﹣﹣﹣Well，he came late again.But that's no______ to shout at him.( )
A.problem B.lesson C.excuse D.Reason
【分析】﹣﹣看，老板对Alex很生气.
﹣﹣他又迟到了，但是没有借口朝着他大喊.
【解答】答案：C.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：问题;B：功课;C：借口;D：理由; 根据语境联系上下句推测设空处所在句子的句意是"但是没有借口朝着他大喊."，由此判断句子中缺少"借口"一词，故答案为C.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
26.(2016•湖北)﹣﹣﹣Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.
﹣﹣﹣They're for public.This ______ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city.( )
A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece
【分析】﹣看，那边这么多彩色的自行车排成两排.
﹣它们是公共自行车，这种绿色智能交通在襄阳市到处可见.
【解答】答案：C
number数字，号码;pair双;kind种类;piece张，片;根据So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.及They're for public.可知此处谈论的是城市公共自行车，是一种绿色智能的交通，故选C.
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，先弄清所给词的词义，再根据情景选择正确答案.
27.(2016•东营)﹣Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays?
﹣Because they are a symbol of long life.( )
A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles D.dumplings
【分析】﹣生日时为什么人们从来不切断面条?
﹣因为他们是长寿的象征.
【解答】答案：C
egg鸡蛋;cake蛋糕;noodle面条;dumpling饺子;长寿面是长寿的象征，所以此处指的是面条，故选C.
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，先弄清所给词的词义，再根据情景选择正确答案.
28.(2016•德州)Bill will be a/an ___________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics.( )
A.guest B.reporter C.tourist D.engineer
【分析】在即将到来的2016年里约奥运会上Bill将成为一名记者去采访足球运动员.
【解答】答案：B
guest客人;reporter记者;tourist游客;engineer工程师;根据to interview the football players可知此处应填记者，故选B.
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，先弄清所给词的词义，再根据情景选择正确答案.
29.(2016•山西)During the next few days，I decide to have a good _______ by taking a walk or seeing a movie.I really need to relax.( )
A.meal B.sleep C.rest
【分析】在接下来的几天里，我决定好好休息一下，散散步或看看电影.我真的需要放松.
【解答】答案：C.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：一餐;B：睡眠;C：休息; 根据语境推测句意是"在接下来的几天里，我决定好好休息一下，散散步，看看电影.我真的需要放松."，由此判断句子中缺少"休息"一词，have a good rest为固定短语，好好休息.故答案为C.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
30.(2016•河南)﹣﹣Are you going out with Jade tonight?
﹣﹣That's my.Mind your own!( )
A.offer B.business C.question D.chance
【分析】﹣﹣今天晚上你要和Jade出去吗?
﹣﹣这是我的事情，管好你自己的事吧!
【解答】答案：B.
首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：提议;B：事情;C：问题;D：机会; 根据语境推测答语句意是"这是我的事情，管好你自己的事吧!"，由此判断句子中缺少"事情"一词，故答案为B.
【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答;所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成.
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