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2024年托福考试真题阅读及答案
在平平淡淡的日常中，我们经常跟试题打交道，借助试题可以对一个人进行全方位的考核。你所见过的试题是什么样的呢？下面是小编精心整理的2024年托福考试真题阅读及答案，欢迎大家分享。
真题阅读及答案1：
托福阅读真题词汇题：
1.Wrought=created
2.Peculiar=unusual
3.Temporarily=briefly
4.Relatively=comparatively
5.Permeated=spread throughout
6.Precede=occur before
7.Resemble=be similar to
8.Distortion=irregularities
9.Cultivate=encourage the growth of
10.Duties=responsibility
11.Chronological=time
托福阅读真题第一篇 有袋动物(Marsupial)生命类
原文回顾：有袋动物是现存动物里一种活的化石，第一段讲了有袋动物的定义(就是肚子上有个袋，装着它们的孩子)。当地球大陆还相连的时候，m这种动物一直与p动物竞争。到后来m的数量越来越少，以至于只在澳洲和南美才有。再后来因为板块漂移运动，澳大利亚独立。M没有了天敌，种类开始多样化，大袋鼠小老鼠等。后面又说，一般认为m很久很久居住在北美，但是其实它们是欧洲人殖民北美以后才搬过去的，但是很少受到人类活动的影响：人类活动把狼，包子各种天地除掉了，加上各种垃圾给它们提供食物，m数量也来越多。
相似TPO练习推荐：
TPO4-1Deer Populations Of The Puget Sound
相关背景学习：
Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia.All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia and the Americas.A distinctive characteristic common to these species is that most of the young are carried in a pouch.Well-known marsupials include kangaroos, wallabies, koalas, possums, opossums, wombats, and Tasmanian devils.Others include the numbat, the bandicoot, the bettong, the bilby, the quoll, and the quokka.
Marsupials represent the clade originating from the last common ancestor of extant metatherians.Like other mammals in the Metatheria, they give birth to relatively undeveloped young that often reside with the mother in a pouch, for a certain amount of time.Close to 70% of the 334 extant species occur on the Australian continent (the mainland, Tasmania, New Guinea and nearby islands).The remaining 100 are found in the Americas — primarily in South America, but thirteen in Central America, and one in North America, north of Mexico.
Taxonomically, the two primary divisions of Marsupialia are: American and Australian marsupials.The order Microbiotheria (which has only one species, the monito del monte) is found in South America, but is believed to be more closely related to Australian marsupials.There are many small arboreal species in each group.The term "opossum" is used to refer to American species (though "possum" is a common diminutive), while similar Australian species are properly called "possums".Again, shrew opossums are more closely related to australidephians than to true opossums.
托福阅读真题第二篇 印刷术带来的发展 历史类
原文回顾：印刷术早发明于德国，然后再欧洲各个国家主要城市广泛运用。随着大众需求的上升，press开始广泛印刷书籍，并且开始使用各国的方言包括德语法语等语言)，而不是学术使用的Latin and Greek被上述语言，成了少部分使用的语言工具。这些语言的使用也让欧洲人形成了民族认同感，慢慢的，书籍开始与policy无关，而仅仅取决于人们自己的需求。而且印刷的问世带来了许多的书籍，以前的手稿只能人手一份，而且不能编辑，不利于文化交流。有了印刷之后，可以出版更多权威的书籍，列举亚里士多德的例子。另外press不仅仅是印刷的地方，而是各种功能的集合体。
相关背景学习
Printing is a process for reproducing text and images using a master form or template.The earliest examples include Cylinder seals and other objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus.The earliest known form of woodblock printing came from China dating to before 220 A.D.Later developments in printing include the movable type, first developed by Bi Sheng in China.Johannes Gutenberg introduced mechanical movable type printing to Europe in the 15th century.His printing press played a key role in the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, the Age of Enlightenment, and the scientific revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
Modern large-scale printing is typically done using a printing press, while small-scale printing is done free-form with a digital printer.Though paper is the most common material, it is also frequently done on metals, plastics, cloth and composite materials.On paper it is often carried out as a large-scale industrial process and is an essential part of publishing and transaction printing.
托福阅读真题第三篇 一种会发电信号的鱼 生命类
原文回顾：这篇阅读重复了2016年7月9日的一篇文章，而且在2015年9月5日也相同出现过。该鱼发出的电信号实用性强。它可以帮助鱼类定位找到准确的出口，可以帮助鱼类内部相互交流和互动。比如鱼类之间的行为，雌鱼和雄鱼能够根据对方发出的信号确认是否合适。它也是鱼类进攻和示弱的表现。这个电信号可以有多种方式来体现;比如加强，停顿，减弱。鱼类为了信号不互相干扰，会停掉自己的信号去检测其他鱼的信号，但是这一个过程持续时间比较短。这种鱼属于交流时间迅速的一类。但也不是所有鱼为了识别其他鱼而停止释放自己的信号。还有另一种鱼可以同时注意自己和身边的鱼的轻快。
原文部分重现
Weak Electric Systems In Fish
1.Some blind elephantnose fish produce weak electric signals that are used for detecting objects in their surroundingsa phenomenon called active electrolocation.These fish have specialized electric organs that discharge either in pulses or in a wave-like fashion, depending on the species.Although discharges follow one another almost continuously throughout the life of the fish, their power level is much too low to be detected by human handlers but potent enough to create a stable electric field around the body of the fish.When an object enters into this electric field, it causes distortions in the current that are detected by electroreceptor organs distributed over the fishs skin.
2.A weak electric system may have several uses, including the exploration of novel environments.For example, blind elephantnose fish can easily find the only opening that allows them to cross through a newly installed partition within their aquarium, even though they cannot see it with their eyes.Their electric sense must be implicated because when these individuals become electrically silent (unable to use their electric system through denervation of their electric organs), they can no longer find the opening.
3.During the 1970s, biologists became interested in the role of the weak electric system not only as a means of electrolocation but also as a means of electrical communication between individual fish.Communication is possible because the rate and waveform of the electric discharges can vary between species, between sexes, between individuals, or even between situations in the same individual.Moreover, some fish can temporarily interrupt their normally continuous train of discharges, and these pauses can be full of meaning.The effective range of communication by electric signals can reach a little over 1 meter depending on water resistance.
第一段：弱电系统的背景知识以及运作的过程
第二段：弱电系统的几种用法，举例：探索新环境
第三段：生物学家发现弱电系统的新功能：个体间交流，论证这种功能的可能性
第四段：弱电系统的新功能：同类繁殖
第五段：弱电系统的新功能：与侵略性有关
第六段：(第三段引出)问题，解决问题(两种带电接收器)，举例：一种鱼类的交流过程
第七段：介绍了一种鱼类的行为(防止干扰弱电系统而作出的回应)，以及这种回应实现的过程
相关背景学习
Electromagnetic field receptors (ampulla of Lorenzini) and motion detecting canals in the head of a shark
Active electrolocation.Conductive objects concentrate the field and resistive objects spread the field.
Electroreception, or electroception, is the ability to detect electric fields or currents.Some fish, such as catfish and sharks, have organs that detect weak electric potentials on the order of millivolts.Other fish, like the South American electric fishes Gymnotiformes, can produce weak electric currents, which they use in navigation and social communication.In sharks, the ampulla of Lorenzini are electroreceptor organs.They number in the hundreds to thousands.Sharks use the ampullae of Lorenzini to detect the electromagnetic fields that all living things produce.This helps sharks (particularly the hammerhead shark) find prey.The shark has the greatest electrical sensitivity of any animal.Sharks find prey hidden in sand by detecting the electric fields they produce.Ocean currents moving in the magnetic field of the Earth also generate electric fields that sharks can use for orientation and possibly navigation.
Electric field proximity sensing is used by the electric catfish to navigate through muddy waters.These fish make use of spectral changes and amplitude modulation to determine factors such shape, size, distance, velocity, and conductivity.The abilities of the electric fish to communicate and identify sex, age, and hierarchy within the species are also made possible through electric fields.EF gradients as low as 5nV/cm can be found in some saltwater weakly electric fish
The paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) hunts plankton using thousands of tiny passive electroreceptors located on its extended snout, or rostrum.The paddlefish is able to detect electric fields that oscillate at 0.5–20 Hz, and large groups of plankton generate this type of signal.See: Electroreceptors in paddlefish
Electric fishes use an active sensory system to probe the environment and create active electrodynamics imaging
In 1973, it was shown that Atlantic salmon have conditioned cardiac responses to electric fields with strengths similar to those found in oceans."This sensitivity might allow a migrating fish to align itself upstream or downstream in an ocean current in the absence of fixed references."
Magnetoception, or magneto reception, is the ability to detect the direction one is facing based on the Earths magnetic field.In 1988, researchers found iron, in the form of single domain magnetite, resides in the skulls of sockeye salmon.The quantities present are sufficient for magnetoception
真题阅读及答案2：
一．用is, am 或are 填空
1.Excuse me.What _______ this in English?
2.________ the your coat, Mr Green? No, it _________ not.
3.What ________ these? ___________ they maps?
4.This __________ your bike.Where __________ my bike?
5.I __________ in Class Eleven.What class ___________ you in?
二．单项填空
1.–What’s your name, please? ---- ________
A.It’s Tom B.My name is Tom C.Thank you D.Fine, thank you
2.----Hello, Lin Tao.How are you? ---- _________.
A.hello.Li Ming.How are you? B.Good morning.Li Ming.
C.Thank you D.Fine, thank you
3.----It is _________ ruler.---- It is not __________ eraser.
A./, an B.a; an C.the; the
4.---- Is that your watch over there? ----No, it’s _______ watch.
A.my B.this C.my sister’s
5.----What _______ do you speak? ---- I speak Chinese.
A.language B.science C.subject
6.Thanks ______ your present.
A.of B.from C.for D.to
7.Is ______ your aunt? What’s ________ name?
A.he; his B.she; her C.he; her D.she; his
8.The movie is very _______ and I like it.
A.boring B.interest C.interesting D.difficult
9.________ your brother __________ a soccer ball?
A.Do; has B.Do; have C.Does; has D.Does; have
10.--- Let’s ___________ basketball.---- Good idea!
A.plays B.to play C.play D.playing
11.Mike doesn’t play sports.He only ______ them on TV.
A.sees B.watches C.looks at D.find
12.I need to write a lost note.Can you _______ me _________?
A.take; a pencil B.bring; some bookC.take; some papers D.bring; a pen
13.He wants _________ the art club.
A.to join B.join C.joins
14.---How does your father go to work every day? ---- _________ taxi.
A.In B.By C.On D.With
15.Yesterday after class I ______________ my homework.
A.do B.did C.make D.made
三．完型填空
A boy and a girl catch a bird and ___1___ it in a birdcage (鸟笼).They like it ___2___ and __3___ it every day.A cat sees the bird and wants ___4___ her supper.___5___ the bird is in the cage.She can’t catch it.So she is very ___6____.
One day, she opens the door of the cage ___7___ wants to catch it.But the bird fillies away.The cat ____8_____, and she has ____9_____.The two children ___10_____ and see the bird isn’t in.They are very angry and put the cat into the cage.
1.A.take B.put C.carry D.bring
2.A.well B.very C.much D.very much
3.A.see B.look C.have a look D.have a look at
4.A.have it for B.has is for C.to have it for D.to has it so
5.A.But B.And C.So D.Then
6.A.angry B.happy C.glad D.tired
7.A.but B.and C.so D.or
8.A.can to fly B.can fly C.can’t to fly D.can’t fly
9.A.no ways B.some ways C.any way D.not way
10.A.come back to home B.come back home
C.come to home D.back home
四．阅读理解
(A)
An old tiger lives in the forest.He doesn’t want to look for food now.He often tells other animals to get him something to eat.
He sees a monkey and says, “I’m hungry, Monkey.Go to the village and get me a fat pig.”
“Oh, Tiger,” says the monkey.“I can’t do that now.There is another tiger over there.He also wants a fat pig.He will not let me get anything for you to eat.I am afraid of him.”
“What?” cries the old tiger.“Show me that tiger.I will eat him.”
“Come with me,” says the monkey.
The monkey and the tiger get to the bridge over the river.“Now look down at the river.” Says the monkey.“Do you see it? The tiger?”
“Yes, I do.” cries the old tiger.“I will eat him up!” With these words, the tiger jumps into the river.
1.How many tigers and monkeys are there in the story?
A.Two tigers and one monkey B.Two tigers and two monkeys
C.Only one tiger and one monkey D.Two monkeys and one tiger
2.Why does the tiger tell the other animals to get him food? Because ____________.
A.only they can look for some food B.he is old and they are afraid of him
C.gets to the bridge with the tiger D.tells the tiger to jump into the water
3.The monkey _____________________
A.goes to the village to get a pig B.knows there is another tiger
C.gets to the bridge with the tiger D.tells the tiger to jump into the water
4.Which of the following is right? __________
A.The monkey eats up the tiger B.The tiger eats up another tiger
C.The tiger jumps into the water D.The tiger is clever
(B)
Mrs.Green is going to give a birthday party to Mary.Mary is her daughter.She will be ten years old.A lot of her friends are coming to the party.Twenty of them are girls.
Mrs Green is getting ready for the party.Mrs.White is helping her.
“That’s a big nice cake,” says Mrs.White to Mrs Green.
“Thank you very much.”
Mrs Green is going shopping now.She is going to buy fruit for the party.Mrs Green buys a lot of pears, apples.Orangesand bananas.Then she goes home.
It’s five o’clock in the afternoon.Everything is ready.Now the first girl is arriving.The party is going to begin in thirty minutes.
回答问题
1.Who is Mrs Green going to give a birthday party to?
___________________________________________________
2.How old is Mary?
___________________________________________________
3.What does Mrs Green buy fruit for?
____________________________________________________
4.When is the party going to begin?
____________________________________________________
5.How many girls are there at the party?
_____________________________________________________
五．根据所给单词的适当形式填空
1.In our school, we have many ___________ (club).
2.Helen can _______________ (speak) three languages.
3.The Whites have four ___________ (child), two daughters and two sons.
4.My pen pal _____________ (live) inJapan.
5.I want to eat _____________ (a) apple.
6.Please come and __________ (help) me.
7.She _________ (have) a dictionary.
8.There isn’t _____________ (some) tea in the cup.
六．连词成句
1.are, brothers, those, my
______________________________________________
2.table, backpack, the, my, is, under
_______________________________________________
3.number, phone, your, is, what
__________________________________________________
4.this, black, how, much, is, T-shirt
__________________________________________________
5.has, she, a, car, blue
_____________________________
七．根据上下文补全对话，每空一词
A: Can I help you?
B: ________, ______.I want a pair of pants.
A: What _________ do you ________?
B: Black
A: Here _______ _________.
B: _______ _______ are you?
A: 35 dollars.
B: I’ll take them._________ you.
A: You’re ___________.
八．用完整的句子回答下列问题
1.Can you play the violin? ____________________________________
2.Do you like English or maths? Why? ___________________________
3.What sports do you like? _____________________________________
4.When did you start to learn English? ____________________________
5.What are you going to do this summer vacation?__________________
答案：
一、1.is 2.Is, Is 3.are, Are 4.is, is 5.am, are
二、1-5 BDBCA 6-10 CBCDC 11-15 BDABB
三、1-5 BDDCA 6-10 ABDAB
四、（A） 1-4 CBCC
（B）1.To her daughter Mary.
2.She will be ten years old.
3.For the party.
4.At 5:30 in the afternoon
5.There are 20 girls the party.
五.1.clubs 2.speak 3.children 4.lives 5.an
6.help 7.has 8.any
六.1.Those are my brothers.
2.My backpack is under the table.
3.What is your phone number?
4.How much is this black T-shirt?
5.She has a blue car.
七.1.Yes 2.Please 3.color 4.want 5.you
6.are 7.How 8.much 9.Thank 10.welcome
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