2016年托福考试阅读理解模拟试题

　　阅读理解一

2016年托福考试阅读理解模拟试题

　　Animal Congregation

　　Many types of animals combine the advantages of family association with those　conferred by membership in still larger groups. Bees congregate in hives; some fish move in schools; ants gather in mounds; wolves live in packs; deer associate in herds. The main Line advantage of membership in a mass community is the safety that it provides. A large group (5) of prey may be easier for a predator to find at any given point than is a small one, and　a predator may think twice before taking on such a group; if a predator does decide to challenge a large group, it may merely encounter a confusing mass of moving bodies and possibly may not succeed in its primary goal.

　　1. The word those in the passage refers to

　　(A) types

　　(B) animals

　　(D) groups

　　2. The word it in line 4 refers to

　　(A) advantage

　　(B) membership

　　(D) safety

　　3. The word one in the passage refers to

　　(A) group

　　(B) prey

　　(D) point

　　4. The word it in line 7 refers to

　　(A) predator

　　(B) group

　　(D) goal

　　参考答案：

　　1-4：C、B、A、A

　　阅读理解二

　　New World Epidemics

　　A huge loss of life resulted from the introduction of Old World diseases into the Americas in the early sixteenth century. The inhabitants of the Americas were separated from Asia, Africa, and Europe by rising oceans following the Ice Ages, and, as a result, they were isolated by means of this watery barrier from numerous virulent epidemic diseases that had developed across the ocean, such as measles, smallpox, pneumonia, and malaria. Pre-Columbian Americans had a relatively disease-free environment but also lacked the antibodies needed to protect them from bacteria and viruses brought to America by European explorers and colonists. A devastating outbreak of disease the strikes for the first time against a completely unprotected population is known as a virgin soil epidemic. Virgin soil epidemics contributed to an unbelievable decline in the population of native inhabitants of the Americas, one that has been estimated at as much as an 80 percent decrease of the native population in the centuries following the arrival of Europeans in the Americas.

　　10. The word they in the passage refers to

　　(A) the inhabitants

　　(B) epidemic diseases

　　(D) the Ice Ages

　　11. The word that in the passage refers to

　　(A) a disease-free environment

　　(B) this watery barrier

　　(D) the ocean

　　12. The world them in the passage refers to

　　(A) pre-Columbian Americans

　　(B) the antibodies

　　(D) European explorers and colonists