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2017年商务英语翻译试题及参考答案
Ⅰ 词汇测试题：(2题，每题10分，共20分)
1. 该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。请将正确的选项标出，要求英英转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。(10分)
(1) to conclude
A. to give one’s place to each B. to end or judge after some consideration
C. to explain D. to contain
(2) to enforce
A. to break or act against a law B. to cause a law or rule to be obeyed
C. to prevent movement from happening
D. to direct something into a particular place
(3) to appoint
A. to take back property B. to meet someone’s needs
C. to choose someone officially for a job D. to claim for something
(4) to approve
A. to abide by B. to comply with
C. to have a positive opinion D. to come up with
(5) obviate
A. to violate B. to remove a difficulty, to avoid
C. to allow sb to do D. to be apparent
(6) to violate
A. to break or act against a law, principle
B. to beat or threaten someone
C. to obey a law D. to cause a rule to be obeyed.
(7) with respect to
A. comply with B. in relation to
C. conform to D. coincide with
(8) to entertain a client
A. to cater for B. to treat sb. at the table
C. to launch a product D. to shorten a vacation
(9) temptation
A. trying to attract people
B. to encourage the popularity, sales and development
C. to allow the value of money to vary
D. to judge or decide the amount
(10) advance
A. to support by giving money
B. to go or move sth. forward, to develop or improve
C. to improve or increase D. to produce or provide
2. 该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有汉语词或词组来进行解释，请将正确项选出，要求英汉转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。 (10分)
(1) to deal with (complaints)
A. 处理日常事务 B. 论述某项事情
C. 处理顾客投诉 D.与某人做买卖
(2) to come into being
A. 开始变化 B. 形成，成立
C. 发生质变 D. 进入
(3) brand loyalty
A. 对企业的信誉 B. 对条款的信誉
C. 对商标的信誉 D. 对产品的信誉
(4) market tone
A. 市场预期 B. 市场行情
C. 市场波动 D. 市场供求
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(5) for file
A. 赔偿 B. 供参考
C. 供查找 D.存档
(6) compensation
A. 安慰，宽慰 B. 补偿，赔偿
C. 理解，体谅 D. 协调，一致
(7) at one’s own expense
A.花费…钱 B. 以…代价
C. 费用自理 D. 以昂贵的价格购买
(8) aggregate
A. 聚集 B. 使……加重
C 赞同 D 欣赏
(9) marketability
A. 市场营销 B. 市场销售能力
C. 市场准入 D. 市场性
(10) in return
A. 作为回报 B. 返回
C. 以…的代价 D. 货币回笼
II.语境意义，完形填空题 (2题，共30分)
本组考题共有15个空，每空下有多项意义近似的英语选项，从中择一准确选项填入空内。
要求：A 词语的特定环境所产生的意义。
B 词语的情态色彩意义。
C 词语的语法意义
D 句子与超句群在特定的集约形式中的`意义。
E 语篇的主题意义
1.完形填空题(10空，每空1.5分)
Offer
Validity time of offer
An offer becomes __1___ when it reaches the offeree (CISG Art.15 ). On this point, the laws in all states share the same view, for an offer is an indication of seller’s __2___, and the offeree can only decide whether to accept it or not when he receives it. Therefore, if one party expects or somehow learns that someone is sending him an offer before he really receives it, he sends an “acceptance” to the offeror, in this case. No contract is formed even if the content of the “acceptance” __3___with the offer he receives later. The “acceptance” is in fact an offer, and therefore, no contract can be formed on this unless the other party __4___ the “acceptance”.
Withdrawal of offer
The ___5___ of offer means that the offeror, for some reason, withdraws his offer before it reaches the offeree or before it becomes effective. This may happen when the offeror finds that the offer he makes contains some mistake, or that the situation has changed which makes his offer ___6___ to him. The common practice is to make use of a faster means of communication to send the message of withdrawal so that it can reach the offeree earlier than the offer does.
Revocation of offer
To revoke an offer means that when the offer has reached the offeree, and it has become effective, the offeror acts to revoke the offer thus to kill its effectiveness. The issue of whether an effective offer may be revoked _7___ hot debates among scholars from different law systems. The civil law system __8__ that an offer is __9___ within the validity time, or during the time in expectation of a reply, while the common law system provides that an offer may be revoked at any time unless it is accepted. The Convention makes some mediation between the two legal systems of the world which agrees in principle that an offer is revocable before the note of acceptance is dispatched but provides that on the following two occasions, an offer is irrevocable.
1) It indicates, whether by starting a fixed or otherwise, that it is irrevocable.
2) If it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has acted in __10___ on the offer.
1. A. objective B. meaningful C. effective D. helpful
2. A. proposal B. tone C. case D. term
3. A. differs B. coincides C. deals D. copes
4. A. refuses B. dispatches C. confirms D. receives
5. A. withdrawal B. lose C. validity D. mediation
6. A. good B. unfavorable C. well D. worst
7. A. raises B. arouses C. rises D. puts
8. A. provides B. writes C. names D. relies
9. A. revocable B. irrevocable C. relevant D. irrelevant
10. A. rely B. depend C. dependence D. reliance
2.语境意义题：
文中有五处缺少内容，请从文后的选项中选出合适的选项，填回到原文中相应的位置 (5空，每空3分)
Many of today's banking services were first practiced in ancient Lydia, Phoenicia, China, and Greece, where trade and commerce flourished. The temples in Babylonia made loans from their treasuries as early as 2000 B.C.. The temples of ancient Greece served as safe-deposit vaults for the valuables of worshipers. The Greeks also coined money and developed a system of credit. The Roman Empire had a highly developed banking system, and its bankers accepted deposits of money, made loans, and pur- chased mortgages. Shortly after the fall of Rome in AD 476, banking declined in Europe.
(1) _______________ The moneychangers of the Italian states developed facilities for exchanging local and foreign currency. Soon merchants demanded other services, such as lending money, and gradually bank ser- vices were expanded.
The first bank to offer most of the basic banking functions known today was the Bank of Barcelona in Spain. Founded by merchants in 1401, this bank held deposits, exchanged currency, and carried out lending operations. It also is believed to have introduced the bank check. (2) _______________ These institutions laid the foundation for modern banks of deposit and transaction.
For more than 300 years, banking on the European continent was in the hands of powerful statesmen and wealthy private bankers, such as the Medici family in Florence and the Fuggers in Germany. (3) _______________
The Bank of France was organized in 1800 by Napoleon. The hank had become the dominant financial institution in France by the mid-1800s. In Germany, banking experienced a rapid development about the middle of the 19th century with the establishment of several strong stock-issuing, or publicly owned banks.
Banking in the British Isles originated with the London goldsmiths of the 16th century. These men made loans and held valuables for safekeeping. By the 17th century English goldsmiths created the model for today's modern fractional reserve banking -- that is, the practice of keeping a fraction of depositors' money in reserve while ex- tending the remainder to borrowers in the form of loans. Customers deposited gold and silver with the goldsmiths for safekeeping and were given deposit receipts verifying their Ownership of the gold deposited with the goldsmith. These receipts could be used as money because they were backed by gold. But the goldsmiths soon discovered that they could take a chance and issue additional receipts against the gold to other people who needed to borrow money. (4) _______________ Hence , the amount of receipts or claims on the gold frequently exceeded the actual amount of the gold, and the idea that bankers could create money was born.
(5) _______________ Other banks existed in the colonies prior to this, most notably the Bank of Pennsylvania, but these banks were chartered by individual states. In 1787 the Bank of North America changed to a Pennsylvania charter following controversy about the legality of a congressional charter. Other large banks were chartered in the early 1780s by the various states, primarily to is- sue paper money called bank notes. These notes supplemented the coins then in circulation and assisted greatly in business expansion. The banks were also permitted to accept deposits and to make loans.
A. Three other early banks, each managed by a committee of city officials, were the Bank of Amsterdam (1609), the Bank of Venice (1587), and the Bank of Hamburg (1619).
B. This worked as long as the original depositors did not withdraw all their gold at one time.
C. The increase of trade in 13th-century Italy prompted the revival of banking.
D. During the 19th century, members of the Rothschild family became the most influential bankers in all Europe and probably in the world. This international banking family was founded by German financier Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1743 ~1812), but it soon spread to all the major European financial capitals.
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E. Because there were no minimum reserve requirements on deposits, bank notes were secured by the assets of the issuing banks. Most assets took the form of business loans.
F. The first important bank in the United States was the Bank of North America, established in 1781 by the Second Continental Congress. It was the first bank chartered by the U.S. government.
III.形式主义类题(5句，每句4分，共20分)
该题型旨在考核学生两种语言对应能力，五个汉语单句需译成英语，要求体现原语形式意义。
1.世界贸易组织(World Trade Organization，英文缩写为WTO)成立于1995年，其前身是关税和贸易总协定(GATT)。
2. 只有使国际社会的广大成员都受益，经济全球化才能顺利地推进，世界经济才能持续稳定地发展。
3. 亚太经合组织的发展应反映各成员最广泛的共同利益。采取更富有成效的`合作方式，缩小成员间的差距，增强凝聚力。
4. 为了协助你方的销售，我们已经特地准备了一些新产品的样品，正在另行邮寄给你方,以供你方考虑。
5. 由于该商品需求量大，我们建议你方早日作出决定尽快向我们定货。
IV. 风格意义类试题(共30分)
将下面段落译成适应原文风格的汉语表达，要求不仅译文忠实于原文，流畅无误，而且在篇章词语风格上，能与原文相适应。
1. A peaceful and stable environment is indispensable for sustained economic growth. Terrorism is a scourge that undermines stability. It is therefore a common task for people throughout the world to fight terrorism. Let us join hands in creating a regional and international environment in which people of all countries will enjoy success, peace and prosperity.
2. China will, as always, commit itself to reform, opening-up and modernization drive. China has entered a new stage of development, a stage in which it is building a well-to-do society throughout the country and speeding up socialist modernization. We are implementing the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) for the National Economic and Social Development.
Guided by this plan, we will unswervingly focus on development and carry out restructuring all the way through with reform, opening up and advances in science and technology as the driving force and the improvement of the people's living standards as the fundamental objective. We will continue to promote economic growth and social progress.
参考答案
Ⅰ.词汇测试题(共20%)
1.(1-5)BBCCB (6-10)ABAAB
2.(1-5)CBCBD (6-10)BCABA
II.语境意义，完形填空题(共30%)
完形填空题 (15%)
(1-5)CABCA (6-10)BBABD
语境意义题： (15%)
(1-5) CADBF
III.形式主义类题(5句，共20%)
1. The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995. It is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. (GATT)
2. Globalization will grow smoothly and the world economy develop in a sustained and steady manner only when most members of the international community can reap the benefit.
3. APEC should develop in a way that reflects the broadest common interests of all its members and adopt more effective cooperation modalities to narrow the gap between its members so as to enhance their cohesion.
4. With a view to supporting your sales, we have specially prepared some samples of our new makes and are sending them to you , under separate cover, for your consideration.
5. In view of the large demand for this commodity, we would advise you to work fast and place an order with us as soon as possible.
IV. 风格意义类试题(共30%)
1. 保持经济的持续增长，必须有一个和平稳定的环境。恐怖主义是破坏稳定的社会公害。反对恐怖主义是各国人民的共同任务。让我们携手合作，努力营造一个有利于各国人民共赢、共享安宁与繁荣的国际和地区环境。
2. 中国将一如既往地致力于改革开放和现代化建设。中国已进入了全面建设小康社会、加快社会主义现代化的新的发展阶段。我们正在实施国民经济和社会发展第十个五年计划。我们将坚持把发展作为主题，把结构调整作为主线，把改革开放和科技进步作为动力，把提高人民生活水平作为根本出发点，继续推进经济增长和社会进步。
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