雅思阅读模拟题《数码节食》

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雅思阅读模拟题《数码节食》

　　众所周知，雅思考试的难度较大，考生如果想获得比较好的成绩，就要加大练习。下面是小编整理的雅思阅读模拟题《数码节食》，供大家练习。

雅思阅读模拟题《数码节食》

　　雅思阅读模拟题《数码节食》1

　　Digital Diet

　　Telecommuting,Internet shopping and online meetings may save energy as compared with in-person alternatives,but as the digital age moves on,its green reputation is turning a lot browner.E-mailing,number crunching and Web searches in the U S.consumed as much as 61 billion kilowatt-hours last year,or 1.5 percent of the nations electricity—half of which comes from coal.In 2005 the computers of the world ate up 123 billion kilowatt- hours of energy,a number that will double by 2010 if present trends continue,according to Jonathan Koomey,a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory.As a result,the power bill to run a computer over its lifetime will surpass the cost of buying the machine in the first place giving Internet and computer companies a business reason to cut energy costs,as well as an environmental one.

　　One of the biggest energy sinks comes not from the computers themselves but from the air-conditioning needed to keep them from overheating.For every kilowatt-hour of energy used for computing m a data center,another kilowatt-hour is required to cool the furnacelike racks of servers.

　　For Internet giant Google,this reality has driven efforts such as the installation of a solar array that can provide 30 percent of the peak power needs of its Mountain View,Calif.headquarters as well as increasing purchases of renewable energy.But to deliver Web pages within seconds,the firm must maintain hundreds of thousands of computer servers in cavernous buildings."Its a good thing to worry about server energy efficiency," remarks Googles green energy czar Bill Weihl."We are actively working to maximize the efficiency of our data centers,which account for most of the energy Google consumes worldwide " Google will funnel some of its profits into a new effort,dubbed R< (for renewable energy cheaper than coal,as Google translates it) to make sources such as solar-thermal,high-altitude wind and geothermal cheaper than coal " within years,not decades," according to Weihl.

　　In the meantime,the industry as a whole has employed a few tricks to save watts.Efforts include cutting down on the number of transformations the electricity itself must undergo before achieving the correct operating voltage; rearranging the stacks of servers and the mechanics of their cooling; and using software to create multiple "virtual" computers,rather than having to deploy several real ones.Such visualization has allowed computer maker Hewlett-Packard to consolidate 86 data centers spread throughout the world to just three,with three backups,says Pat Tiernan,the firms vice president of social and environmental responsibility.

　　The industry is also tackling the energy issue at the computer-chip level.With every doubling of processing power in recent years has come a doubling in power consumption.But to save energy,chipmakers such as Intel and AMD have shifted to so-called multicore technology,which packs multiple processors into one circuit rather than separating them."When we moved to multicore—away from a linear focus on megahertz and gigahertz—and throttled down microprocessors,the energy savings were pretty substantial," says A Hyson Klein,Intels marketing manager for its Ecotech Initiative.Chipmakers continue to shrink circuits on the nanoscale as well,which "means a chip needs less electricity" to deliver the same performance,she adds.

　　With such chips,more personal computers will meet various efficiency standards,such as Energy Star compliance (which mandates that a desktop consume no more than 65 watts).The federal government,led by agencies such as NASA and the Department of Defense may soon require all their purchases to meet the Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool standard.And Google,Intel and others have formed the Climate Savers Computing,Initiative,an effort to cut power consumption from all computers by 50 percent by 2010.

　　Sleep modes and other power management tools built into most operating systems tan offer savings today.Yet about 90 percent of computers do not have such settings enabled,according to Klein.Properly activated,they would prevent a computer from leading to the emission of thousands of kilograms of carbon dioxide from power plants every year.But if powering down or unplugging the computer (the only way it uses zero power) is not an option,then perhaps the most environmentally friendly use of all those wasted computing cycles is in helping to model climate change.The University of Oxfords C11matePrcdictioo.net offers an opportunity to at least predict the consequences of all that coal burning.

　　C02Stats is a free tool that can be embedded into any Web site to calculate the carbon dioxide emissions associated with using it.That estimate is based on an assumption of 300 watts of power consumed by the personal computer,network and server involved— or 16.5 milligrams of C02 emitted every second of use."The typical carbon footprint is roughly equivalent to 1.5 people breathing," says physicist Alexander Wissner-Gross of Harvard University,who co-created the Web tool.

　　Question 1-6

　　Use the information in the passage to match the people (listed A-E) with opinions or deeds below.Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

　　NB you may use any letter more than once

　　A Jonathan Koomey

　　B Ally son Klein

　　C Pat Tiernan

　　D Bill Weihl

　　E Alexander Wissner-Gross

　　1 Figuring ways to optimize the utilization of energy in certain significant departments in the company

　　2 A revolutionary improvement in a tiny but quite imperative component of the computers

　　3 Targeting at developing alternative sources within the near future

　　4 An astounding estimate on the energy to be consumed by computers in a short period based on an unchangeable trend

　　5 A powerful technique developed for integration of resources

　　6 A failure for the vast majority of computers to activate the use of some internal tools already available in them

　　Question 7-10

　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?

　　In boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet,write

　　TRUE if the statement is true

　　FALSE if the statement is false

　　NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

　　7 To chill the sever does not take up considerable amount of energy needed for the computer.

　　8 It seems that the number of the servers has a severe impact on the speed of the internet connection

　　9 Several companies from other fields have a joint effort with the internet industry to work on the ways to save energy.

　　10 Actions taken at a governmental level are to be expected to help with savings in the energy in the near future.

　　Question 11-13

　　Summury

　　Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage,using No More than Three words from the Reading Passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.

　　The…11…has also been reached 10 save up energy in every possible way and the philosophy behind it lies in the fact that there is a positive correlation between the ability to process and the need for energy.In this context,some firms have switched to…12…which means several processors are integrated into one single circuit to make significant energy savings.What is more,they go on to…13…on an even more delicate level for the chips to save more energy while staying at the constant level in terms of the performance.

　　参考答案：

　　1 D

　　2 B

　　3 D

　　4 A

　　5 C

　　6 B

　　7 FALSE

　　8 TRUE

　　9 NOT GIVEN

　　37 TRUE

　　38 computer-chip level

　　39 so-called multicore technology

　　40 shrink circuits

　　雅思阅读模拟题《数码节食》2

　　A.Telecommuting,internet shopping and online meetings may save energy as compared with in-person alternatives,but as the digital age moves on,its green reputation is turning a lot browner.E-mailing,number crunching and web searches in the US consumed as much as 61 billion kilowatt-hours last year,or 1.5 percent of the nations electricity—half of which comes from coal.In 2005 the computers of the world ate up 123 billion kilowatt-hours of energy,a number that will double by 2010 if present trends continue,according to Jonathan Koomey,a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.As a result,the power bill to run a computer over its lifetime will surpass the cost of buying the machine in the first place,giving internet and computer companies a business reason to cut energy costs,as well as an environmental one13.

　　B.One of the biggest energy sinks comes not from the computers themselves but from the air-conditioning needed to keep them from overheating.For every kilowatt-hour of energy used for computing in a data center,another kilowatt-hour is required to cool the furnace-like racks of servers13.

　　C.For internet giant Google,this reality has driven efforts such as the installation of a solar array that can provide 30 percent of the peak power needs of its Mountain View,Calif.headquarters as well as increasing purchases of renewable energy.But to deliver web pages within seconds,the firm must maintain hundreds of thousands of computer servers in cavernous buildings."Its a good thing to worry about server energy efficiency," remarks Googles green energy czar Bill Weihl."We are actively working to maximize the efficiency of our data centers,which account for most of the energy Google consumes worldwide." Google will funnel some of its profits into a new effort,dubbed RE

　　D.In the meantime,the industry as a whole has employed a few tricks to save watts.Efforts include cutting down on the number of transformations the electricity itself must undergo before achieving the correct operating voltage; rearranging the stacks of servers and the mechanics of their cooling; and using software to create multiple "virtual" computers,rather than having to deploy several real ones.Such visualization has allowed computer maker Hewlett-Packard to consolidate 86 data centers spread throughout the world to just three,with three backups,says Pattie ONan,the firms vice president of social and environmental responsibility13.

　　E.The industry is also tackling the energy issue at the computer-chip level.With every doubling of processing power in recent years has come a doubling in power consumption.But to save energy,chipmakers such as Intel and AMD have shifted to so-called multicore technology,which packs multiple processors into one circuit rather than separating them."When we moved to multicore—away from a linear focus on megahertz and gigahertz—and throttled down microprocessors,the energy savings were pretty substantial," says Alysia Klein,Intels marketing manager for its Eco-Tech initiative.Chipmakers continue to shrink circuits on the nanoscale as well,which "means a chip needs less electricity" to deliver the same performance,she adds13.

　　题目及答案解析

　　题目 1：

　　题目：The energy consumption of digital devices in the US last year accounted for ______ of the nations total electricity usage.

　　答案：1.5 percent

　　解析：根据文章第一段 “E-mailing,number crunching and web searches in the US consumed as much as 61 billion kilowatt-hours last year,or 1.5 percent of the nations electricity” 可知，美国去年数字设备的能耗占全国总用电量的 1.5%。

　　题目 2：

　　题目：What is one of the main reasons for the large energy consumption of computers according to the text?

　　答案：The air-conditioning needed to prevent computers from overheating.

　　解析：从文章第二段 “One of the biggest energy sinks comes not from the computers themselves but from the air-conditioning needed to keep them from overheating.” 可以得出，电脑能耗大的主要原因之一是防止其过热所需的空调。

　　题目 3：

　　题目：Google has taken measures to save energy,such as installing a solar array and ______.

　　答案：increasing purchases of renewable energy

　　解析：由文章第三段 “For internet giant Google,this reality has driven efforts such as the installation of a solar array that can provide 30 percent of the peak power needs of its Mountain View,Calif.,headquarters as well as increasing purchases of renewable energy.” 可知，谷歌采取的节能措施包括安装太阳能电池板以及增加可再生能源的购买。

　　题目 4：

　　题目：The industry has used software to create ______ instead of using many real computers to save watts.

　　答案：multiple "virtual" computers

　　解析：根据第四段 “using software to create multiple "virtual" computers,rather than having to deploy several real ones.” 可知，该行业使用软件创建多个 “虚拟” 计算机来节省瓦特。

　　题目 5：

　　题目：Chipmakers like Intel and AMD have adopted ______ technology to reduce energy consumption.

　　答案：multicore

　　解析：从文章第五段 “But to save energy,chipmakers such as Intel and AMD have shifted to so-called multicore technology” 可看出，英特尔和AMD等芯片制造商采用了多核技术来降低能耗。

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