2016雅思考试阅读理解练习题及答案

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2016雅思考试阅读理解练习题及答案

　　阅读理解

2016雅思考试阅读理解练习题及答案

　　Text one

　　Background music may seem harmless, but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories, shop and restaurants in the US. But it soon spread to other arts of the world. Now it is becoming increasingly difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music.

　　To begin with, "muzak" (音乐广播网) was intended simply to create a soothing (安慰) atmosphere. Recently, however, it's become big business—thanks in part to recent research. Dr. Ronald Milliman, an American marketing expert, has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as a third.

　　But, it has to be light music. A fast one has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 38%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they like to buy. Yet, slow music isn't always answer. Dr.Milliman found, for example, that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurants owners might be well advised to play up-tempo music to keep the customers moving—unless of course, the resulting indigestion leads to complaints!

　　1. The reason why background music is so popular is that ______.

　　A. it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it

　　B. it can help to create a soothing atmosphere

　　C. it can boost sales or increase factory production everywhere

　　D. it can make customers eat their meals quickly

　　2. Background music means ________.

　　A. light music that customers enjoy most

　　B. fast music that makes people move fast

　　C. slow music that can make customers enjoy their meals

　　D. the music you are listening to while you are doing something

　　3. Restaurant owners complain about background music because ______.

　　A. it results in indigestion

　　B. it increases their sales

　　C. it keeps customers moving

　　D. it decreases their sales

　　4. The word "up-tempo music" probably means_____.

　　A. slow music

　　B. fast music

　　C. light music

　　D. classical music

　　注释：1. spread to 传到，波及，蔓延到

　　2. to begin with 首先，第一点(理由)

　　To begin with, we must consider the faculties of the staff all-sidedly.

　　首先，我们必须全面地考虑全体员工的素质。

　　3. intend vt. 想要，打算，意指，意谓

　　4. boost 增进;改善

　　We need to boost our spirits. 我们需要鼓舞士气。

　　5. have to be [美，口]肯定是…… 毫无疑问是……

　　6. receipt 收据;收条 When you have paid for sth., a receipt is given to you.

　　当你付了某个东西的钱时，就给了你收据。

　　接受;收到 (pl) 收入;收益 higher receipts 高收入

　　7. slow down v.(使)慢下来

　　答案：1 B 2 D 3 D 4 B

　　Text two

　　The Guardian

　　1. Consumers are to be presented with two rival new year advertising campaigns as the Food Standards Agency goes public in its battle with the industry over the labelling of unhealthy foods.

　　2. The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red， amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs， which is designed to tackle Britain‘s obesity epidemic.

　　3. The campaign is a direct response to a concerted attempt by leading food manufacturers and retailers， including Kellogg‘s and Tesco， to derail the system. The industry fears that traffic lights would demonise entire categories of foods and could seriously damage the market for those that are fatty， salty or high in sugar.

　　4. The UK market for breakfast cereals is worth ￡1.27bn a year and the manufacturers fear it will be severely dented if red light labels are put on packaging drawing attention to the fact that the majority are high in salt and/or sugar.

　　5. The industry is planning a major marketing campaign for a competing labelling system which avoids colour-coding in favour of information about the percentage of guideline daily amounts of fat， salt and sugar contained in their products.

　　6. The battle for the nation‘s diet comes as new rules on television advertising come into force in January which will bar adverts for unhealthy foods from commercial breaks during programmes aimed at children. Sources at the TV regulators are braced for a legal challenge from the industry and have described the lobbying efforts to block any new ad ban or colour-coded labelling as the most ferocious we‘ve ever experienced.

　　7. Ofcom‘s chief executive， Ed Richards， said: We are prepared to face up to any legal action from the industry， but we very much hope it will not be necessary. The FSA said it was expecting an onslaught from the industry in January. Senior FSA officials said the manufacturers‘ efforts to undermine its proposals on labelling could threaten the agency‘s credibility.

　　8. Terrence Collis， FSA director of communications， dismissed claims that the proposals were not based on science. We have some of the most respected scientists in Europe， both within the FSA and in our independent advisory committees. It is unjustified and nonsensical to attack the FSA‘s scientific reputation and to try to undermine its credibility.

　　9. The FSA is understood to have briefed its ad agency， United， before Christmas， and will aim to air ads that are non-confrontational， humorous and factual as a counterweight to industry‘s efforts about the same time. The agency， however， will have a tiny fraction of the budget available to the industry.

　　10. Gavin Neath， chairman of Unilever UK and president of the Food and Drink Federation， has said that the industry has made enormous progress but could not accept red stop signs on its food.

　　11. Alastair Sykes， chief executive of Nestlé UK， said that under the FSA proposals all his company‘s confectionery and most of its cereals would score a red. Are we saying people shouldn‘t eat confectionery? We‘re driven by consumers and what they want， and much of what we do has been to make our products healthier， he said.

　　12. Chris Wermann， director of communications at Kellogg‘s， said: In principle we could never accept traffic light labelling.

　　13. The rival labelling scheme introduced by Kellogg‘s， Danone， Unilever， Nestlé， Kraft and Tesco and now favoured by 21 manufacturers， uses an industry-devised system based on identifying GDAs of key nutrients. Tesco says it has tested both traffic lights and GDA labels in its stores and that the latter increased sales of healthier foods.

　　14. But the FSA said it could not live with this GDA system alone because it was not scientific or easy for shoppers to understand at a glance.

　　Questions 1-6

　　Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

　　1. When will instructions be given on reading the color-coded labels?

　　2. Where can customers find the red light labels?

　　3. What problem is the FSA trying to handle with the labeling system?

　　4. Which product sells well but may not be healthy?

　　5. What information， according to the manufacturers， can be labeled on products?

　　6. What can not be advertised during children’s programmes?

　　Questions 7-13

　　Use the information in the text to match the people with the opinions below. Write the appropriate letter for questions 1-7.

　　NB You may use any letter more than once.

　　A Ed Richard

　　B Terrence Collis

　　C Gavin Neath

　　D Alastair Sykes

　　E Chris Wermann

　　7. Generally we will not agree to use the red light labels.

　　8. It is unreasonable to doubt if FSA is trustworthy.

　　9. We are trying to meet our consumers’ needs.

　　10. The food industry has been improving greatly.

　　11. The color-coded labeling system is scientific.

　　12. Our products will be labeled unhealthy by the FSA.

　　13. We are ready to confront the manufacturers.

　　Answer keys:

　　1. 答案： January (见第2段：The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red， amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs， which is designed to tackle Britain‘s obesity epidemic.)

　　2. 答案：food packs/packaging (见第2段：The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red， amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs， which is designed to tackle Britain‘s obesity epidemic. 或者在第4段中也提到另一个答案：The UK market for breakfast cereals is worth ￡1.27bn a year and the manufacturers fear it will be severely dented if red light labels are put on packaging drawing attention to the fact that the majority are high in salt and/or sugar.)

　　3. 答案： obesity epidemic (见第2段：The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red， amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs， which is designed to tackle Britain‘s obesity epidemic.)

　　4. 答案： cereals (见第4段：The UK market for breakfast cereals is worth ￡1.27bn a year and the manufacturers fear it will be severely dented if red light labels are put on packaging drawing attention to the fact that the majority are high in salt and/or sugar.)

　　5. 答案：guieline daily amounts/GDAs (见第5段：The industry is planning a major marketing campaign for a competing labelling system which avoids colour-coding in favour of information about the percentage of guideline daily amounts of fat， salt and sugar contained in their products.)

　　6. 答案：unhealthy foods (见第6段第1句：The battle for the nation‘s diet comes as new rules on television advertising come into force in January which will bar adverts for unhealthy foods from commercial breaks during programmes aimed at children.)

　　7. 答案：E

　　8. 答案：B (见第8段最后一句：It is unjustified and nonsensical to attack the FSA‘s scientific reputation and to try to undermine its credibility.)

　　9. 答案：D (见第11段最后1句：We‘re driven by consumers and what they want， and much of what we do has been to make our products healthier.)

　　10. 答案：C (见第10段:Gavin Neath， chairman of Unilever UK and president of the Food and Drink Federation， has said that the industry has made enormous progress but could not accept red stop signs on its food.)

　　11. 答案：B (见第8段：Terrence Collis， FSA director of communications， dismissed claims that the proposals were not based on science. We have some of the most respected scientists in Europe， both within the FSA and in our independent advisory committees. It is unjustified and nonsensical to attack the FSA‘s scientific reputation and to try to undermine its credibility.)

　　12. 答案：D (见第11段第1句：Alastair Sykes， chief executive of Nestlé UK， said that under the FSA proposals all his company‘s confectionery and most of its cereals would score a red.)

　　13. 答案：A (见第7段第1句：Ofcom‘s chief executive， Ed Richards， said: We are prepared to face up to any legal action from the industry， but we very much hope it will not be necessary.)

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