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有哪些必备的经济类雅思词汇
人类的生活离不开“经济”二字,经济是社会普遍关注的。下面,为大家送上一些经济类雅思词汇,祝大家考试顺利。
一、宏观经济
1. gross domestic product (GDP):国内生产总值
例句:The countrys GDP has been steadily growing in recent years.(这个国家的国内生产总值近年来一直在稳步增长。)
2. inflation:通货膨胀
例句:High inflation can have a negative impact on peoples living standards.(高通货膨胀会对人们的生活水平产生负面影响。)
3. deflation:通货紧缩
例句:Deflation can lead to a decrease in economic activity.(通货紧缩可能导致经济活动减少。)
4. recession:经济衰退
例句:The country is currently in a recession, with high unemployment rates.(这个国家目前处于经济衰退中,失业率很高。)
5. depression:经济大萧条
例句:The Great Depression of the 1930s had a profound impact on the world economy.(20 世纪 30 年代的大萧条对世界经济产生了深远影响。)
6. economic growth:经济增长
例句:Sustainable economic growth is essential for the development of a country.(可持续的经济增长对一个国家的发展至关重要。)
7. economic stability:经济稳定
例句:Maintaining economic stability is one of the governments top priorities.(保持经济稳定是政府的首要任务之一。)
8. fiscal policy:财政政策
例句:The government uses fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth.(政府利用财政政策刺激经济增长。)
9. monetary policy:货币政策
例句:The central bank adjusts monetary policy to control inflation.(中央银行调整货币政策以控制通货膨胀。)
10. balance of payments:国际收支平衡
例句:A countrys balance of payments is an important indicator of its economic health.(一个国家的国际收支平衡是其经济健康状况的重要指标。)
二、微观经济
1. supply and demand:供求关系
例句:The price of a commodity is determined by supply and demand.(商品的价格由供求关系决定。)
2. market:市场
例句:The market for luxury goods is growing rapidly.(奢侈品市场正在迅速增长。)
3. competition:竞争
例句:Intense competition in the market forces companies to innovate.(市场上的激烈竞争迫使公司进行创新。)
4. consumer:消费者
例句:Consumers are becoming more conscious of environmental issues.(消费者越来越关注环境问题。)
5. producer:生产者
例句:Producers need to adapt to changing market conditions.(生产者需要适应不断变化的市场条件。)
6. cost:成本
例句:High production costs can reduce a companys profit margins.(高生产成本会降低公司的利润率。)
7. price:价格
例句:The price of oil has fluctuated significantly in recent months.(石油价格在最近几个月里大幅波动。)
8. profit:利润
例句:The company made a large profit this year.(这家公司今年获得了丰厚的利润。)
9. loss:损失
例句:The company suffered a significant loss due to poor management.(由于管理不善,这家公司遭受了重大损失。)
10. demand curve:需求曲线
例句:The demand curve shows the relationship between price and quantity demanded.(需求曲线显示了价格和需求量之间的关系。)
三、金融领域
1. bank:银行
例句:I need to go to the bank to withdraw some money.(我需要去银行取一些钱。)
2. interest rate:利率
例句:The central bank lowered interest rates to stimulate economic growth.(中央银行降低利率以刺激经济增长。)
3. loan:贷款
例句:I took out a loan to buy a new car.(我贷款买了一辆新车。)
4. credit:信用
例句:Good credit is important for getting a loan.(良好的信用对于获得贷款很重要。)
5. debt:债务
例句:The country is facing a large amount of debt.(这个国家面临着巨额债务。)
6. stock market:股票市场
例句:The stock market has been volatile recently.(股票市场最近波动很大。)
7. share:股票
例句:I own some shares in a company.(我拥有一家公司的一些股票。)
8. bond:债券
例句:The government issues bonds to raise funds.(政府发行债券筹集资金。)
9. mutual fund:共同基金
例句:Investing in mutual funds can be a good way to diversify your portfolio.(投资共同基金是分散投资组合的好方法。)
10. insurance:保险
例句:I have health insurance to cover my medical expenses.(我有健康保险来支付我的医疗费用。)
四、国际贸易
1. import:进口
例句:The country imports a large amount of oil.(这个国家进口大量的石油。)
2. export:出口
例句:The countrys main exports are agricultural products.(这个国家的主要出口产品是农产品。)
3. trade:贸易
例句:International trade plays an important role in the global economy.(国际贸易在全球经济中发挥着重要作用。)
4. tariff:关税
例句:The government imposed tariffs on imported goods to protect domestic industries.(政府对进口商品征收关税以保护国内产业。)
5. quota:配额
例句:The country has set quotas on imports of certain goods.(这个国家对某些商品的进口设定了配额。)
6. free trade:自由贸易
例句:Free trade agreements can promote economic growth and cooperation.(自由贸易协定可以促进经济增长和合作。)
7. exchange rate:汇率
例句:The exchange rate between the two currencies has fluctuated recently.(两种货币之间的汇率最近波动很大。)
8. balance of trade:贸易差额
例句:The country has a trade deficit, importing more than it exports.(这个国家有贸易逆差,进口多于出口。)
9. globalization:全球化
例句:Globalization has brought many benefits, but also some challenges.(全球化带来了许多好处,但也带来了一些挑战。)
10. multinational corporation:跨国公司
例句:Multinational corporations play a significant role in international trade.(跨国公司在国际贸易中发挥着重要作用。)
五、经济发展与可持续性
1. sustainable development:可持续发展
例句:Sustainable development is crucial for the future of our planet.(可持续发展对我们星球的未来至关重要。)
2. renewable energy:可再生能源
例句:The use of renewable energy sources is increasing.(可再生能源的使用正在增加。)
3. environmental protection:环境保护
例句:We need to take measures to protect the environment and promote sustainable development.(我们需要采取措施保护环境,促进可持续发展。)
4. economic inequality:经济不平等
例句:Economic inequality is a major issue in many countries.(经济不平等是许多国家的一个主要问题。)
5. poverty reduction:减少贫困
例句:The government is committed to poverty reduction.(政府致力于减少贫困。)
6. human development:人类发展
例句:Investing in education and healthcare is essential for human development.(投资于教育和医疗保健对人类发展至关重要。)
7. social responsibility:社会责任
例句:Companies should take social responsibility and contribute to sustainable development.(公司应该承担社会责任,为可持续发展做出贡献。)
8. green economy:绿色经济
例句:The development of a green economy is essential for a sustainable future.(绿色经济的发展对可持续的未来至关重要。)
9. circular economy:循环经济
例句:A circular economy aims to reduce waste and promote resource efficiency.(循环经济旨在减少浪费,提高资源效率。)
10. sustainable consumption:可持续消费
例句:Promoting sustainable consumption is important for environmental protection.(促进可持续消费对环境保护很重要。)
六、其他
1、depression
n.萧条,不景气
Depreciation is characterized by decreasing business activity, falling prices, and unemployment.
经济萧条的特点是商业活动减少,物价降低和失业。
2、discount
n.折扣
3、welfare
n.福利;安宁;幸福;福利事业
4、efficiency
n. 效率,功效
The program was implementd with great efficiency and speed.
这个项目的实施快速有效。
5、unemployment
n.失业;失业人数
6、entrepreneur
n.企业家;主办人
7、factor
n.因素,要素
8、reserve
vt.储备,保存,保留;预定,预约 n.储备(物),储藏量
The government raised the official reserve ratio for commercial banks.
政府提高了商业银行的官方准备金比率。
9、fiscal
adj.财政的;国库的;会计的;国库岁入的
Monetary policy and fiscal policy are tools for the government to curb the development of the economy.
货币政策和财政政策是政府控制经济发展的工具。
10、industrialization
n.工业化,产业化
11、deflation
n.通货紧缩
12、index
n.指数,指标
13、securities
n.证券
14、insurance
n.保险;保险单;保险业;保险费
15、futures
n.期货
16、inventory
n.存货 vt.盘存,盘点
17、financial
adj.财政的,金融的
Mr. Danial is our financial adviser.
丹尼尔先生是我们的财政顾问。
18、budget
n.预算 vi.做预算,编入预算
A new car will not be part of our budget this year.
今年的预算没有买新车这项内容。
19、equilibrium
n.平衡,均衡;平静
20、hyperinflation
n.恶性通货膨胀
21、aggregate
n.合计,总计;集合体
Aggregate sales in that market is expected to grow.
该市场的总销售量预计将增长。
22、incentive
n.刺激;鼓励
Taxation policy is sometimes used as incentives to attract investment.
税收政策有时是吸引投资的奖励措施。
23、profitability
n.收益性,利益率
24、allocation
n.分配;安置
25、rigidity
n.刚性;安置
26、share
n.分享,参与;一份,部分;份额,参股
27、stock
n.股本;股票,股份
28、Nasdaq
n.纳斯达克
29、payment
n.付款,支付;报酬;偿还
30、stagger
v.摇晃,蹒跚;交错;摇摇摆摆
31、distortion
n.扭曲,变形;曲解;失真
32、function
n.功能,作用
33、tariff
n.关税;关税表
Tariff for major items has been decreasing since Chinas into the WTO.
自中国加入世贸组织后,主要成品的关税持续下降。
34、quota
n.配额;限额
The quota system might contribute to corruption such as rent seeking.
配额体制可能导致寻租之类的腐朽。
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