2016年GMAT句子改错训练题及分析
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1. In ancient Thailand, much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them.
(A) much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them
(B) much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images and on construction and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
(C) much of the local artisans’ creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images as well as constructing and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
(D) creating images of Buddha accounted for much of the local artisans’ creative energy, and also constructing and decorating the temples enshrining them
(E) the creation of Buddha images accounted for much of the local artisans’ creative energy as well as construction and decoration of the temples that enshrined them
答案解析如下：
(A)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them
【错误1】 平行结构：“and”两边连接的是“when……”引导的从句和“the creation of……”两者语法功能不一致。
【错误2】 代词指代：“they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them”中“they”和“them”指代对象不同，同类代词在句子中发福出现如果指代对象不相同，则存在指代不明的问题，表意不佳。
(B)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images and on construction and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
【正确】 “on the creation of Buddha images”和“on construction and decoration of the temples”正确地用“and”平行在一起。
【大意】 在古泰国，当地工匠大量的创造力发挥在了佛像的建造以及供奉佛像的庙宇的建造和装饰上。
(C)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddha images as well as constructing and decoration of the temples in which they were enshrined
【错误】 平行结构：“contruct”拥有自己的专有名词“construction”，因此应当“construction”和“decoration”平行，无需“constructing”。
(D)creating images of Buddha accounted for much of the local artisans' creative energy, and also constructing and decorating the temples enshrining them
【错误】 平行结构：“constructing and decorating”本应和“creating images”平行在一起，而本选项却错误地将其与“creative energy”平行。
(E)the creation of Buddha images accounted for much of the local artisans' creative energy as well as construction and decoration of the temples that enshrined them
【错误】 平行结构：类似地，见(D)。
【最优解题思路推荐】
只有(B)正确使用平行结构，表达出合理的含义，因此选择(B)。
2. Quasars, at billions of light-years from Earth the most distant observable objects in the universe, believed to be the cores of galaxies in an early stage of development.
(A) believed to be
(B) are believed to be
(C) some believe them to be
(D) some believe they are
(E) it is believed that they are
(A)believed to be
【错误】 见(B)
(B)are believed to be
【正确】 “Quasars”和“are believed to be”形成了合理的主谓关系。
【大意】 类星体——距地球数十亿光年，宇宙中最遥远的可观测物体——被认为是星系发展早期的星系核心。
(C)some believe them to be
【错误】 见(B)
(D)some believe they are
【错误】 见(B)
(E)it is believed that they are
【错误】 见(B)
【最优解题思路推荐】
句子结构是本题的主要考点，“Quasars”应当做主句的主语，(C)、(D)、(E)中“some”和“it”代替其作主语，使得“Quasars”失去谓语动词，主谓结构不再完整。“Quasars”只能“被相信是”，也就是“are believed”，因此(B)应排除。只有(B)句子结构正确，故选择之。
3. The plot of The Bostonians centers on the rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom, when they find themselves drawn to the same radiant young woman whose talent for public speaking has won her an ardent following.
(A) rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
(B) rivals Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, against her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
(C) rivalry that develops between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, and Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
(D) developing rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
(E) active feminist, Olive Chancellor, and the rivalry with her charming and cynical cousin Basil Ransom,
答案解析如下：
(A)rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
【错误】 平行结构：“between X and Y”才是正确的平行结构，而不是“between X with Y”。
(B)rivals Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, against her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom,
【错误】 句子意思：“rivals”是复数“对手”的'意思，而不是“对抗”的意思。
(C)rivalry that develops between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, and Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
【正确】 正确使用了“between X and Y”结构。
【大意】 《The Bostonians》的情节围绕在Olive Chancellor，一个激进的女性主义者和她迷人又玩世不恭的表弟Basil
Ransom，在他们都发现自己被一个美丽少女吸引时之间的争斗。
(D)developing rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with Basil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin,
【错误】 平行结构：见(A)。
(E)active feminist, Olive Chancellor, and the rivalry with her charming and cynical cousin Basil Ransom,
【错误】 平行结构：“active feminist, Olive Chancellor”和“ the rivalry”逻辑概念上并不平行，因此本选项表意逊于(C) 。
【最优解题思路推荐】
“between X and Y”才是正确用法，立即排除(A)和(D)，(B)、(C)、(E)中(C)的平行结构准确合理，优于其他选项。因此选择(C)。
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