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2024年公共英语一级完形填空考试题附答案
无论是在学习还是在工作中，我们最熟悉的就是试题了，试题是学校或各主办方考核某种知识才能的标准。大家知道什么样的试题才是规范的吗？下面是小编为大家整理的2024年公共英语一级完形填空考试题附答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
公共英语一级完形填空考试题附答案 1
Passage two (Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should be Banned by Law)
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don’t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.
It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.
Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally - admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.采集者退散
1. It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is
A. not very high. B. high.
C. contemptuous. D. critical.
2. The main idea of this passage is
A. vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.
B. people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.
C. to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.
D. people are bloodthirsty in sports.
3. That the author mentions the old Romans is
A. To compare the old Romans with today’s people.
B. to give an example.
C. to show human beings in the past know nothing better.
D. to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.
4. How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?
A. Three. B. Five.
C. Six. D. Seven.
5. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is
A. that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.
B. that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.
C. that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.
D. to show law is the main instrument of social change.
Vocabulary
1.relish 从……获得乐处，享受
2.orgy 狂欢，放纵
3.arena 竞技场，活动或斗争的场所
4.blood-thirsty 残忍的，嗜血的
5.bear-baiting 逗熊游戏
6.bull-fight 斗牛
7.batter 猛击，连续地猛打/捶，乱打
8.pulp 成纸浆，成软块
9.burst into flames 突然燃烧起来/着火
10.grim 令人窒息的，简陋的
11.coop up 把……关起来
写作方法与文章大意
作者采取先对比、后分析的写作手法。先是今人和古罗马人对暴虐体育上对此两者都欣赏。后者坦率成人“欣赏暴力体育”，前者施以各种接口、实际都是嗜血成性者。第二段进一步剖析今人欣赏暴虐体育的种种实例，最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜为改善法律采取积极的步骤，法律才能施以巨大的文明影响，否则人类很难改变。
1. A. 不太高。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步，而其他方面进展很少。人们以轻蔑的口气谈及可怜的古罗马人，因为他们欣赏竞技场上的屠杀。我们轻视他们，因为他们把这些屠杀视为娱乐。我们可以降阶/屈尊地谅解他们，因为他们生活在2000年前，显然，对好的东西不知道。在这里作者反问，我们的优越感是否正确呢?我们的嗜血性是不是少一些?为什么拳击比赛吸引那么许多人?在场的观赏者(观众)是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢?结论是：人类和过去一样残忍。唯一的不同点在于古罗马人很诚实，他们承认他们欣赏观看饥饿的狮子把人撕碎，活生生吃掉，而我们会找出各种精辟的理由来保卫早该制止的运动。第二段举出具体例子，如斗牛、拳击中把人打瘫在地、车赛中，车子碰撞起火，人们就坐在那里观看欣赏，参赛者是为了高报酬，观众付出大笔钱财是为了看到暴力。作者指出任何体育精神的说法纯粹是虚伪。如果一场打比赛(世界重量级冠军赛)，两轮而不是十五轮就告结束，成千上百万人们会感到失望――这些都证明人的`卑下，不文明。这两段似乎也证明作者的观点应该是C项――蔑视的。但在第三段谈及，好几个世纪以来，人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己，又得承认不怎么成功。可至少我们不再容忍疯人禁锢于笼中，当众鞭挞，以及其他许多过去普遍存在的野蛮行径。监狱也不再是过去那种令人窒息的禁锢之地，社会福利制度在全世界许多地方推行。在财富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。这些变化的出现不是因为人突然改善，而是在改变法律上采取了 积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目，那么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。我们会认识暴力是人类的堕落和卑下(人类不应有的)。从这段来看，作者对人类还抱有希望，不是很蔑视。所以选A项。
2. A.法律应禁止堕落而又危险的体育项目。见第一题注释。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起，点出现代人也是嗜血成性，喜欢暴力体育项目。这是不文明，是堕落。必须制止，而法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具，它可应用，发挥强大的文明影响(第三段倒数第三句)
B. 人们愿意支付巨大款项来观看暴力。这是作者说明“嗜血成性”的具体内容之一。
C. 对比对危险体育项目不同的态度。这里没有对比。
D.人类嗜血成性。这是作者认为人们为什么欣赏危险残忍体育项目的根源。
3.D. 人们在体育上习惯于“嗜血成性”，过去是，现在仍然是，不同点只是前者坦直承认，后者婉转掩饰。见第一题注释。
A. 把古罗马人和现代人对比。这项没有说明对比什么。
B. 给出一个例子。太抽象。
C. 说明过去人类不太知道更美好的东西，这两项都没有到位。
4. B. 5个。作者提到⑴逗熊游戏;⑵斗牛;⑶车赛;⑷拳击;⑸人狮斗。至于当众鞭挞和绞刑不能称作体育活动。
5. A. 通过制止野蛮体育项目，我们能改善人类自身。这在第三段讲的最透彻，见第一题和第二题注释。
B. 通过制止野蛮体育活动，我们能改善法律，不完全对。作者明确指出要用法律来禁止野蛮体育项目。
C. 我们必须采取积极步骤来改善社会福利体制
D. 去表明法律是社会变革的主要工具。
公共英语一级完形填空考试题附答案 2
Section Ⅰ Use of English
There’s nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. 1 the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in 2 disabled access to buildings, facilitating hygiene in required areas and helping provide general 3 to commercial buildings.
Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years 4 by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt. They 5 as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly 7 in busy locations or during times of emergency, the doors 8 crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way. They give us one less thing to tackle during daily life and the occasional quick escape.
9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area 10 by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without the need to 12 the way for a large, protruding door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each 13 specific signals to tell them when to open. 14 these methods differ, the main 15 remain the same.
Each automatic door system 16 the light, sound, weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open. Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in. 18 , a busy street might not 19 a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure-sensitive mat would be more 20 to limit the surveyed area.
1. A. Through B. Despite C. Besides D. Without
2. A. revealing B. demanding C. improving D. tracing
3. A. experience B. convenience C. guidance D. reference
4. A. previously B. temporarily C. successively D. eventually
5. A. held on B. started out C. settled down D. went by
6. A. relations B. volumes C. benefits D. sources
7. A. useful B. simple C. flexible D. stable
8. A. call for B. yield to C. insist on D. act as
9. A. As well as B. In terms of C. Thanks to D. Rather than
10. A. connected B. shared C. represented D. occupied
11. A. allow B. expect C. require D. direct
12. A. adopt B. lead C. clear D. change
13. A. adapting to B. deriving from C. relying on D. pointing at
14. A. Once B. Since C. Unless D. Although
15. A. records B. positions C. principles D. reasons
16. A. controls B. analyses C. processes D. mixes
17. A. decorate B. compare C. protect D. complement
18. A. In conclusion B. By contrast C. For example D. Above all
19. A. identify B. suit C. secure D. include
20. A. appropriate B. obvious C. impressive D. delicate
【1】D 解析：空格后的短语意为“需要触摸才能打开或关闭”。文章首句提到“没有什么比一扇门自动为你打开更让人开心的了”，且空格所在句子的主语的是automatic doors(自动门)，由此可知，空格所填词应该表示否定，才符合自动门的特点，故选Without。
【2】C 解析：空格所在的短语 disabled access to buildings和后面的facilitating hygiene in required areas、 helping provide general是并列关系，由此可知，空格所填词facilitating(促进)和helping(帮助)的语义方向一致，故选improving。
【3】B 解析：空格所在的短语helping provide general to commercial buildings和前面的disabled access to buildings以及facilitating hygiene in required areas为并列关系，提及的.都是自动门的好处或给人提供的便利等，故选convenience。
【4】A 解析：空格所在句在讲述自动门的发展历史，提到“1960 年，自动平滑门开始作为商业产品出现”，after being invented six years 意为“在发明六年之后”，由此可知，自动平滑门的发明先于其成为商业产品，故选previously。
【5】B 解析：start out是一个固定搭配，表示“开始”，代入文中表示“它们开始只是一种新奇之物”，符合文意，故选started out。
【6】C 解析：空格前面的as their use has grown表示“随着它们的用途越来越广泛”，空格后的have extended within our technologically advanced world表示“在我们这个科技发达的世界里扩张”。一项产品或物品只有有好处，对人们有用，才会被人们使用，故选benefits。
【7】A 解析：空格所在的主句提到reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way(减少人们前进道路上的障碍)，由此可知，自动门对人们的生活有着积极影响，故选useful。
【8】D 解析：空格后面的by reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way(通过减少人们前进道路上的障碍)作方式状语，act as是固定短语，表示“充当，起……作用”，与文意相符，故选act。
【9】A 解析：空格后面的making access both in and out of buildings easier for people表示“让人们更容易进出建筑物”，是在描述自动门的好处之一，空格所在的主句中有helps reduce(帮助减少)，同样也是在描述自动门的好处，故选as well as。
【10】D 解析：根据上一题的分析可知，空格所在句是在介绍自动门的好处，空格前面有helps reduce the total area(帮助减少总面积)，因此空格所填词应该带有负面意思，故选occupied。
【11】A 解析：空格后的smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside表示“最大化小建筑的内部可用空间”，本句依然是在讲自动门的好处，因此空格所填词代入文中的语义须为正向，故选allow。
【12】C 解析：clear the way是固定搭配，表示“清理道路，排除障碍”，故选clear。
【13】C 解析：rely on是固定搭配，表示“依赖，依靠”，故选relying on。
【14】D 解析：空格后的these methods differ表示“这些方法各异”，空格所在的主句后面提到remain the same(保持一致)，前后语义相反，故选Although。
【15】C 解析：空格前提到these methods differ(这些方法各不相同)，而空格后提到remain the same(保持一致)。principal表示“基本原理”，符合文意，故选principals。
【16】B 解析：空格前提到Each automatic door system(每种自动门系统)，空格后的the light, sound, weight or movement表示“灯光、声音、重量或动态”，空格所填词需要体现空格前后内容的关系。analyse表示“分析”，符合文意，故选analyses。
【17】D 解析：空格所在的短语to 17 the different environments when they are needed in(它们需要的不同环境)目的状语，complement表示“补充”，符合文意，故选complement。
【18】C 解析：空格后面的a busy street(繁忙的街道)是对前文the different environments when they are needed in(它们需要的不同环境)的距离，故选For example。
【19】B 解析：空格后的a motion-sensored door意为“动作感应门”;as it would constantly be opening for passers-by表示“因为它会不断为过往行人打开”，也就是说，动作感应门不适合在繁忙的街道使用，故选suit。
【20】A 解析： 空格前的pressure-sensitive mat意为“压敏垫”，空格后的to limit the surveyed area“限制检查区域”，空格所填词要能体现这两者间的关系。 appropriate表示“适合的”，符合文意，故选 appropriate。
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