最新公共英语考试阅读题精选材料
谦虚是学习的朋友，自满是学习的敌人。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的最新公共英语考试阅读题精选材料，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!
part 1
TUse "desirable difficulty"
运用“适当增加难度”来复习
Reviewing material is one of the most popular forms of learning. Guess what? It's also one of the least effective. Researchers call this "the fluency illusion." Just because it's easy to remember right now doesn't mean it will stay that way. "Desirable difficulty" means that the harder you work trying to retrieve something from memory, the better you learn. Don't merely reread stuff. Practice like a medical student and quiz yourself with flashcards. You're not going to learn much passively. Research show re-reading material four times was not nearly as effective as reading it once and writing a summary.
复习是学习的重要一环，那我要说是最没有效率的一环呢?研究学家称它为“熟练的假象”你记得某个知识并不代表着在任何情况下你都能熟练运用。“适当增加难度”的意义在于，你越难回忆起某个知识，你就会记得越牢。不要就简单的复读，可以学习医学院的学生利用闪卡来测试自己。不要被动的学习，研究表明，一本书你读四遍的效果不如你读一遍然后写一篇读书小结来的好。
You need to struggle. Whether it's memorizing information or practicing a sport or skill, you want your practice to be challenging. When I spoke to Dan Coyle, bestselling author of The Talent Code, he said: We learn when we're in our discomfort zone. When you're struggling, that's when you're getting smarter. The more time you spend there, the faster you learn. It's better to spend a very, very high quality ten minutes, or even 10 seconds, than it is to spend a mediocre hour.
你得受点挫折，不管是在记忆方面或是锻炼某项运动或其他技能。要尽量做些有挑战性的任务。就像《一万个小时天才》的作者Dan Colye所说，在我们舒适区以外，我们最能学到东西。就是俗话说的“吃一堑，长一智”，花越多的时间钻研，你就会学习得越快。聚精会神的十分钟，哪怕是10秒钟，比一个小时的磨洋工要有效率的多。
The Get fast, negative feedback
快速从失败中吸取经验
One of the three key components to "10,000 hours of deliberate practice" is feedback. Without it you don't know if you're improving or what you need to work on next. And don't just listen to me because I read the nerdy research. The most un-nerdy people in the world are on the same page. When I spoke to Navy SEAL platoon commander James Waters, he said feedback is critical.
关于“一万小时刻意训练”三个要素的其中之一就是反馈。如果没有反馈那么你就不知道自己哪里需要提高，下一步的训练计划要怎么制定。也不必只听我的一家之言，事实上，那些取得成绩的人都知道反馈的重要性。比如海军海豹突击队指挥官James Water 就认同反馈的重要性。
After every mission, SEALs do a review of what happened to get feedback. Do they all just congratulate each other? No, they spend 90 percent of their time on the negative: what they can do better next time. And there's another vital source of feedback: yourself. Always take some time to reflect on how you're doing.
每次任务结束之后，队员们就会对发生的事情进行意见收集反馈。难道他们仅仅是为了庆祝任务完成，当然不是，他们90%的时间都花在对于问题研究，下一次怎样才能做的`更好。还有一项重要的反馈就是自我评价，每次对于自己的表现进行评价。
part 2
Rats in tiny trousers, pseudoscientific bullshit, the personalities of rocks, and Volkswagen’s, shall we say, “creative” approach to emissions testing were among the research topics honored by the 2016 Ig Nobel Prizes. The winners were announced last night at a live webcast ceremony held at Harvard University.
穿着小裤子的老鼠、伪科学胡扯、石头的个性和大众在尾气排放测试中富有创造性的方法，这些都是2016搞笑诺贝尔奖的得奖研究课题。昨晚，在哈佛大学举行的网上直播仪式中，搞笑诺贝尔奖的得主一一揭开了神秘的面纱。
注：对于那些不熟悉搞笑诺贝尔奖的人，我们只能说它是一个为妙趣科学举办的年度庆典。或者说是庆祝那些看似可疑的科学，由讽刺杂志《不可思议研究年报》提供。它的主要目标是表彰那些一开始让你大笑接着令你深思的研究。它们都非常有趣，大奖得主们常常需要自费前往庆典接受他们的奖项。
This year’s crop of Ig Nobel Laureates is listed below. Those who attended the ceremony were given just 60 seconds for their acceptance speeches, a longstanding rule that was, as always, vigorously enforced (the Oscars could learn a thing or two from the Ig Nobels).
今年的搞笑诺贝尔名单如下。那些参加庆典的人只有60秒的提名演讲时间，这个长期以来存在的规则常常会被大力贯彻下去(奥斯卡也应该从搞笑诺贝尔奖中学到一两样东西)。
Reproduction Prize: The late Ahmed Shafik, for studying the effects of wearing polyester, cotton, or wool trousers on the sex life of rats, and for conducting similar tests with human males.
生殖学奖：已故的Ahmed Shafik，研究穿聚酯、棉或者羊毛面料的裤子对老鼠性生活的影响，类似的实验也在人类男性身上实施过。
Economics Prize: Mark Avis, Sarah Forbes, and Shelagh Ferguson, forassessing the perceived personalities of rocks, from a sales and marketing perspective.
经济学奖：Mark Avis、Sarah Forbes和Shelagh Ferguson，从销售和营销视角评估石头的个性。
Physics Prize: Gábor Horváth, Miklós Blahó, György Kriska, Ramón Hegedüs, Balázs Gerics, Róbert Farkas, Susanne Åkesson, Péter Malik, and Hansruedi Wildermuth, for discovering why white-haired horses are the most horsefly-proof horses, and for discovering why dragonflies are fatally attracted to black tombstones.
物理学奖：Gábor Horváth、Miklós Blahó、György Kriska、Ramón Hegedüs、Balázs Gerics、Róbert Farkas、Susanne Åkesson、Péter Malik和Hansruedi Wildermuth，他们发现白马最不招马蝇的原因以及为何蜻蜓会受到黑色墓碑的致命吸引。
Medicine Prize: Christoph Helmchen, Carina Palzer, Thomas Münte, Silke Anders, and Andreas Sprenger, for discovering that if you have an itch on the left side of your body, you can relieve it by looking into a mirror and scratching the right side of your body (and vice versa).
医学奖：Christoph Helmchen、Carina Palzer、Thomas Münte、Silke Anders和Andreas Sprenger，他们发现如果你的身体左侧很痒，那么看着镜子挠身体右侧就能缓解症状(反之亦然)。
Biology Prize: Awarded jointly to: Charles Foster, for living in the wild as, at different times, a badger, an otter, a deer, a fox, and a bird; and to Thomas Thwaites, for creating prosthetic extensions of his limbs that allowed him to move in the manner of, and spend time roaming hills in the company of, goats.
生物学奖：共同颁发给——于不同时间在野外像獾、水獭、鹿、狐狸和鸟那样生活的Charles Foster，以及在四肢创造假体扩张使得他能像山羊那样移动的Thomas Thwaites。
Psychology Prize: Verschuere, for asking a thousand liars how often they lie, and for deciding whether to believe those answers.
心理学奖： Verschuere，调查了一千名说谎者的说谎频率，并决定何时该相信他们的答案。
Peace Prize: Gordon Pennycook, James Allan Cheyne, Nathaniel Barr, Derek Koehler, and Jonathan Fugelsang for their scholarly study called “On the Reception and Detection of Pseudo-Profound Bullshit.”
和平奖：Gordon Pennycook、James Allan Cheyne、Nathaniel Barr、Derek Koehler和Jonathan Fugelsang，得奖研究是“接受和检测假装深沉的狗屎言论”。
Literature Prize: Fredrik Sjöberg, for his three-volume autobiographical work about the pleasures of collecting flies that are dead, and flies that are not yet dead.
文学奖：Fredrik Sjöberg，他写了三本自传体作品，讲述了收集死苍蝇和尚未死去苍蝇的乐趣。
Perception Prize: Atsuki Higashiyama and Kohei Adachi, for investigating whether things look different when you bend over and view them between your legs.
认知学奖：Atsuki Higashiyama 和 Kohei Adachi，他们调查了当你弯下腰从两腿之间看事物的时候，它们是否会变得不一样。
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