2017公共英语等级考试二级短文理解自测题

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2017公共英语等级考试二级短文理解自测题

　　短文理解 |||第一节短文理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　第21题单选修改

　　阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.

　　It is often difficult for a man to be quite sure what tax he ought to pay to the government because it depends on so many different things：whether the man is married;how many children he has;whether he supports any relations;how much he earns;how much interest he receives;how much he has spent on his house during the year，and SO on and SO forth.All this makes it difficult to decide exactly how much the tax is.

　　There was a certain artist who was always very careful to pay the proper amount.

　　One year，after posting his check as usual，he began to wonder if he had paid enough，and after a lot of work，with a pencil and paper，he decided that he had not.He believed that he owed the government something.

　　He was just writing another check to send to the tax-collector when the postman dropped a letter into the box at the front door.Opening it，the artist was surprised to find inside it a check for five pounds from the taxcollector.The official explmned that too much had been paid，and that therefore the difference was now returned to the taxpayer.

　　{TS} It is mentioned in the passage that one has to pay tax according__________.

　　A.how much education one has received

　　B.whether one is single or married

　　C.how old one’s children are

　　D.where one lives

　　参考答案：B

　　参考解析：参考译文

　　一个人往往很难确切地知道他应该向政府交多少税。交税的金额由很多方面决定：是否已婚、孩子的多少、是否要资助亲戚、挣多少钱、能得到多少利息以及每年在房子上花费多少钱等等。所有这些方面使得很难决定税款的确切数额。有个艺术家，他总是很小心地缴纳合适的税款数额。有一年，他照例邮寄了纳税支票后，却开始怀疑自己是否交足了税额。用纸笔经过一番计算后，他认为自己没有交够，还欠政府一些钱。

　　但是正在他写另一张缴税支票时，邮递员在他前门的邮箱里放了一封信。打开后，艺术家惊奇地发现原来是税务官寄来的5镑的支票。税务官解释说，他的税额交多了，因此，多余的税款现在要退还纳税人。

　　答案及解析

　　B【解析】事实细节题。题干意为“文章提到，一个人应该根据什么来缴税?”由文章的第一段第一句话看出，一个人所缴税款是由很多方面决定的。whether the man is married是其中的一项。所以正确的答案为B。

　　第22题单选修改

　　The underlined word“proper”in the second paragraph means__________.

　　A.small

　　B.big

　　C.right

　　D.wrong

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析：C【解析】词语释义题。题干意为“第二段第一行‘proper’的意思是什么?”“proper”的意思是“适当的，合适的”。由文章的最后两段可知，艺术家担心自己这次缴税不够，打算再次补交。所以他以前交的都是合适的。所以正确的答案为C。

　　第23题单选修改

　　After a lot of work，the artist thought.that：he had paid the government__________.

　　A.less tax than he should have

　　B.more tax than he should have

　　C.as much tax as usual

　　D.just enough tax

　　参考答案：A

　　参考解析：A【解析】事实细节题。题干意为“经过计算后，艺术家认为这次他缴纳的税款如何?”从文章的第三段内容可知，He believed that heowed the govemment something.根据意思，他认为自己仍欠政府的钱，缴纳的应该比实际缴的多。所以正确的答案为A。

　　第24题单选修改

　　Why did the tax-collector send a letter to the artist?

　　A.To send him a new tax form.

　　B.To return the money over-paid.

　　C.To remind him of paying the tax.

　　D.To explain the rules of tax-paying.

　　参考答案：B

　　参考解析：B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为“为什么税务官给艺术家寄一封信?”由文章的最后一句话可知，too much had been paid，他的税额交多了，因此，多余的税款现在退还纳税人。所以正确的答案为B。

　　第25题单选修改

　　阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.

　　"How far is it to the next village?" the American asks a man sitting by the side of the road. In some countries, because the man realizes that the traveler is tired and eager to get to his destination( 目的地 ), he will politely say "Just down the road". He thinks this is more encouraging, gentler, and therefore the wanted answer. So the American drives through the night, getting more and more angry, feeling "tricked". He thinks the man purposely cheated him, for obviously he must have known the distance quite well.

　　Had conditions been turned over, the American would have felt he was "cheating" the driver if he had said the next town was close when he knew it was really 15 miles further on. Though, he, too, would be sympathetic( 同情的 )to the weary driver, he would say "You have a good way to go yet; it is at least 15 miles". The driver might be disappointed, but he would know what to expect.Whether to be correct or polite leads to many misunderstandings between people of different cultures. If you are aware of the situation in advance, it is sometimes easier to recognize the problem.

　　{TS} The man at the roadside tells the American it is close to the next village because________

　　A.he is playing a trick on him

　　B.the American expects the answer

　　C.he doesn' t know the exact distance at all

　　D.he wants to encourage him to go further

　　参考答案：D

　　参考解析：参考译文

　　“这儿离下个村庄还有多远?”一个美国人向一个坐在路边的人询问道。在一些国家，人们因为意识到旅行者不仅疲倦而且急切地想要到达目的地，会礼貌地回答说“就在前头”。他们认为这样回答更鼓舞人心、更温和，而且也是期望中的答案。而当那个美国人行驶了一个晚上仍没到达时，他就会越来越生气，觉得自己被“愚弄”了。他认为那个人是有意欺骗他。因为他确切地想知道这段距离。

　　如果情况颠倒过来。这个美国人一定觉得明知道距离下个村庄还有15英里却对司机说就在前面是一种“欺骗”。尽管他也很同情那个疲倦的司机，他仍会说：“你还有好一段路要走，至少还要l5英里才到呢。”司机也许会很沮丧，但他起码知道该期望些什么。

　　到底应该准确作答还是礼貌回答在不同文化背景的人们之间引发了许多误解。如果你事先对情况有所了解，有时会更容易意识到这个问题。

　　答案及解析

　　D【解析】事实细节题。从文章第一段第三句，He thinks this is moreencouragin9，gentler，and therefore the wanted answer可知，他这样说是因为他想鼓励那个疲劳的美国人。所以正确的答案为D。

　　第26题单选修改

　　If you ask an American how far it is from the next village, he will________

　　A. tell you the exact distance if he knows it

　　B.tell you it is close although he knows it isn't

　　C.say that he doesn' t know and encourage you to go on

　　D.decide whether you are tired or not, and then give you an answer

　　参考答案：A

　　参考解析：A【解析】推理判断题。从文章第二段...he would say“You have a good way to go yet;it is at least l5 miles”…可知，美国人会实事求是地告诉你到底还有多远。所以正确的答案为A。

　　第27题单选修改

　　The short passage advises us to ________

　　A.be polite but honest to foreigners

　　B.learn customs of different countries

　　C.decide whether to be polite according to different cultures

　　D.tell more truths to Americans than to people from other countries

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析：C【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要通过介绍不同国家的人对于指路的不同回答，以此说明在对待不同国家的人时要考虑到不同的思维方式。不能用自己的方式去对待任何人，这样的话，有时你认为是很礼貌、很适宜的事情在他人的眼里往往会成为很不好的事情。

　　第28题单选修改

　　阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.

　　we found that bar at last.I didn’t have to ask again，for there it was in big red neon letters over the windowStar Bar.There were some iron tables outside with plastic chairs around them.

　　A few people sat arOund，looking at a portable television set that someone had brought out of the bar.Thev were all in thin summer dresses or short shirts;even at that late hour it was stifling.Two thin dogs lay under one of the tables with their tongues out，and some of the women were fannlng themselves unenthusiastically(无精打采地)with magazines.

　　“He，s not here，”I said，after a quick look around.The television was speaking out an advertisement for a detergent(洗衣粉)，and the people sitting round had their eyes glued to the Picture of a woman proudly showing how white her husband’s underwear was after having been washed.They took no notice of US at all.

　　“Well.what did you expect?”replied Fergus，yawning(打呵欠).“It’s only half past nine,and he said he would be here at nine.You ought to know Graig by this time.He’11 turn up sometime after ten.”

　　{TS}The writer and his friend__________.

　　A.had never been to that bar before

　　B.did not know if they had come to the right place

　　C.asked somebody the name of the bar

　　D.had little difficulty in finding the bar

　　参考答案：A

　　参考解析：参考译文

　　我们终于找到了那个酒吧。我不必再打听了，因为在窗子上有一个巨大的霓虹灯用字母标明星星酒吧。外面有一些铁桌子，四周是塑料凳子。一些人百无聊赖地坐在周围，看着某个人从酒吧里拿出来的一个便携式电视机。他们都穿着薄薄的夏装或短袖衫;已经很晚了，天气还是很闷热令人窒息。两条很瘦的狗趴在桌子底下，伸着舌头，几个女子无精打采地用杂志扇着风。

　　“他不在这里，”我很快地看了一下后说道。电视机正在大声地播出一个洗衣粉的广告，坐在周围的人的眼睛都盯在那个自豪地展示丈夫的内衣洗后有多么干净的女人的身上。他们根本没有注意到我们。

　　“你还期望什么呢?”弗格斯打着呵欠回答道，“现在才9：30，而他说他会在9点钟到这里来。现在你应该了解Graig了。他会在10点之后的某个时候来。”

　　答案及解析

　　A【解析】推理判断题。文章第一句中的at last暗示我们，作者和他的朋友找了好长时间才找到了这个地方，故选项D是错误的;通过窗户上方的霓虹灯，他们知道已经到了和Graig会见的地方。所以，选项B、C也是错误的;第二句提到“我不用再问路了”，所以可以推测出作者和他的朋友以前没有到过那个酒吧。

　　第29题单选修改

　　What does the underlined word“stifling”(Paragraph l)probably mean?

　　A.Disappearing gradually.

　　B.Giving out into the air.

　　C.Hot and breathless.

　　D.Pleasing and comfortable.

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析：C【解析】词语释义题。从文章第一段可知，从酒吧口人们的着装和精神状态，几位女子用杂志无精打采地扇着风，很瘦的两条狗伸出舌头趴在桌子下面，可推测出虽然已是晚上9：30了，但天气仍然很闷热。