公共英语二级考试短文理解试题训练
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短文理解 |||第一节短文理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
第21题单选修改
Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?
A.Because they could only live in the warm climate.
B.Because they once dominated the Earth.
C.Because their extinction indicates future disasters.
D.Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.
参考答案：C
参考解析：C【解析】推理判断题。为了证明这种灾难发生的可能性，作者举例说明。举的例子是恐龙的灭绝。它们曾经在地球上生活了近l亿6千万年，但是在6千5百万年前突然消失，所以证明未来的地球上可能发生灾难。所以正确的答案为C。
第22题单选修改
阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.
In July l994 Jupiter，the largest planet in our solar system，was struck by 21 pieces of a comet(彗星).When the fragments(碎片)landed in the southern part of the giant planet，the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth。But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?
The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet，but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth.The news has caused panic.
On 17 July，a fragment four kilometres wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a huge explosion.About half of the fragment is destroyed.‘But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.The sea boils and all enormous wave is created and spreads.
The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres a、n hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroved and millions of people are drowned.The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.
Millions of people are akeady dead in the southern part of the Earth.but the north won’t escape for long.Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions.As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust，temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are mined.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later civilization.has collapsed.No more than 10 million people have survived.
Could it really happen?In fact，it has akeady happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinosaurs(恐龙)were on the Earth for over 160 million years.Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment.
The dinosaurs couldn’t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct.Will we meet the same end?
{TS} Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the author’s description of the disaster in 2094?
A.The whole world becomes extremely cold.
B.All the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed.
C.The whole mankind becomes extinct.
D.The visit of the comet results in wars.
参考答案：C
参考解析： 参考译文
1994年7月，太阳系最大的行星，丘比特，被一个彗星的21个碎片撞击了。当碎片在这个巨型行星的南部着陆时，科学家在地球上就可以看到这些爆炸。但是如果我们的地球被彗星撞击的话，后果是什么呢?
这件事将发生在2094年。据宣布，一个彗星正朝地球运行。它的大部分碎片会与地球擦肩而过，但是有两片可能会撞到地球的南部。这条消息引起了人们的恐慌。
在7月17号，伴随一声巨大的爆炸，一个四公里宽的碎片进入了地球的大气层。大约一半的碎片被大气层的摩擦燃烧掉。但是碎片的大部分残留了下来。它以200倍的声速撞击了南大西洋。海洋沸腾了，导致了巨大的海浪，并开始蔓延。水墙以每小时800公里的速度向南非逼近。非洲沿岸的城市完全被破坏，数百万的人被淹死。海浪冲进印度洋，并且向亚洲袭来。
在地球的南部已经有数百万的人死亡，但是北部的人们也不会逃脱厄运太久。爆炸将数吨重的碎片抛向大气层，太阳被灰尘遮蔽，世界温度几乎降到零度。农作物被毁坏，国家之间为了争夺食物发生战争。一年之后，人类文明荡然无存。幸存的人不超过一千万。
这真可能发生吗?事实上，在地球的历史上，已经发生过数次。恐龙在地球上生存了一亿六千万年。然后，在六千五百万年前，它们突然消失了。许多科学家们认为地球被一个宇宙碎片撞击了。恐龙不能在随后的寒冷气候下幸存下来，所以他们灭绝了。我们会重复同样的结束吗?
答案及解析
C【解析】推理判断题。作者在这篇科幻小说中描述了2094年7月17日彗星撞击地球后的情形。在倒数的第二段作者说，A yearlater civilization has collapsed.No more than l0 million people havesurvived.而不是人类在地球上灭绝了。extinct意为“灭绝”。所以正确的答案为C。
第23题单选修改
In writing the passage，the author intends to__________.
A.give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future
B.prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed
C.tell the historical development of the Earth
D.warn of a possible disaster in the future
参考答案：D
参考解析：D【解析】推理判断题。在这篇短文中，作者讲述了2094年彗星撞击地球后可能产生的灾难，目的是为了警告人们在未来地球可能会遭受灾难。所以正确的答案为D。
第24题单选修改
阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.
Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. These people have something in common. And once we know what it is we can try to do it ourselves.
How is it done? Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they' 11 help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly. First of all, good talkers ask questions. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. And to find out what sort of person you are talking to, you really have to listen carefully and attentively.
Real listening at least means some things. First it means not to change the subject of the con- versation. Real listening also means not just listening to words but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it' s time for you to change the subject.
Finally, good talkers know well now to deal with the occasion of parting. If you want to see that person again, don' t keep it a secret. Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they' ve known you half their life.
{TS} Asking questions might be a quite good and suitable way
A.for you to make more and more new friends
B.to begin your business talks
C.to get the conversation going smoothly
D.for you to make a deep and lasting impression on others
参考答案：C
参考解析：参考译文
一些人在你身边你会感觉很舒服。这些人有一些共性。一旦我们知道了这些共性，我们就会向这方面努力!应该怎么做呢?下面就是善谈者拥有的技巧。如果你掌握这些技巧，会让你与人交往更容易，快速地和他们成为朋友。首先，善谈者要问问题。几乎任何人，无论他是多么的羞涩，都会回答问题。他如何回答会让你知道如何进行下一步。其次，一旦善谈者提出问题。他们会倾听答案。要发现和你谈话的是什么类型的人，你真的需要仔细认真地听。真正的倾听至少需要做到以下几点：第一，谈话要不脱离中心。真正的倾听者不仅仅听所说的话还要听语调。如果这个声音听起来很沉闷，那么你就应该换一个话题了。
最后。善谈者要很好地知道如何去处理分别的场景。如果你下次还想见到那个人就要表现出来。让他们知道你的感受，他们在离开之后可能会感觉好像和你认识半生了。
答案及解析
C【解析】事实细节题。根据文中Almost anyone，no matter how shyhe is，will answer a question.即“无论多害羞的人都会回答问题”，从而使交流顺利地进行下去。故选c。
第25题单选修改
25. Generally speaking, good talkers are persons who
A.are good at making any topic interesting
B.never talk too much or too little
C.always speak in a gentle way
D.know how and when he should change the topic of the talk
参考答案：B
参考解析：B【解析】推理判断题。纵观全文，善谈者不但要善于问，还要善于听，因此他们既不会说的太多也不会太少，因此选B。
第26题单选修改
If you really take delight in meeting someone again,
A.you may take him as your lifelong trustworthy friend
B.it seems necessary for you to let him know it
C.it' s proper for you to give him a second handshake
D.it' ll be helpful for you to have further understanding of him
参考答案：B
参考解析：B【解析】事实细节题。文中最后一段If you want to see that personagain，don’t keep it a secret.即“如果你下次还想见到那个人就要表现出来”：因此选B。
第27题单选修改
阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.
Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bones or horns, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and indus- try, but which was also to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.
The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world. As we all know, light is hot, and any source of light will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.
Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources pro- duce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells. It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of human eye without harming the front of the eye, simply by passing a laser beam right through the eye-ball. Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long period of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.
The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but also more effective.
{TS} Which of the following would be appropriate to describe the instruments of surgical opera- tions up until 1960s?
A.Traditional.
B.Complicated.
C.Remarkable.
D.Revolutionary.
参考答案：A
参考解析： 参考译文
几千年前人们就用身边的石头做外科手术。后来人们开始使用骨头或者角、铁刀，现在在用塑料和橡胶。20世纪60年代，发明了一种新工具，这种新工具首先应用在军事以及工业上，后来也渐渐地用于改善手术技术及外科学上。
这种新工具就是激光，全世界越来越多的人在使用它。我们都知道，任何种类的光都是热的，都会散发热量。但是光都会散发得很广阔。然而激光束的光是集中的。这就意味着由普通电灯泡发出的光所产生的.能量由于被集中到一起而变得十分巨大。
对这些精尖光束的实验还表明不同的能源产生的光束能够对活细胞产生不同的效应。现在眼科医生仅仅通过让激光束通过眼球就能在后眼球上做手术而不伤害到前眼球。曾经一度让患者疲惫不堪，并且术后恢复时间漫长的手术现在让患者变得很轻松很舒服。
激光技术在过去十年中的迅速发展清楚显示了激光技术的未来还是很乐观的。也许一些癌症也能够用激光来治疗，使得手术不仅更安全而且更有效。
答案及解析
A【解析】事实细节题。题干的意思是“以下哪个单词能够确切描述20世纪60年代以前的手术工具?”A选项的意为“传统的”;B选项意为“复杂的”;C选项意为“非凡的”;D选项意为“革命的”。原文第一段提到几千年前人们用石头、牛角等做手术，由此可以推断出选项A是正确的。
第28题单选修改
What do we find after the development of the laser in the 1960s?
A.Industrial revolution brought surgery changed greatly.
B.Medical help became available for industrial workers.
C.The study of art went through a complete revolution.
D.Human being's methods in surgery changed greatly.
参考答案：D
参考解析：D【解析】事实细节题。题干的意思是“20世纪60年代激光取得发展后我们可以发现什么?”根据原文第一段最后一句可知“激光为外科手术带来革命性的变化”，故选D。
第29题单选修改
The reason why the laser beam is very strong is that_______
A. it is artificially illuminated
B.it is made up of a concentrated beam of light
C.it sends out heat in all directions
D.its heat is increased by the heat of the sun
参考答案：B
参考解析：B【解析】事实细节题。题干的意思’是“为什么激光束的能量比较强?”根据原文第二段最后一句可知“能量被集中到一起而变得强大”。故答案为B。
第30题单选修改
After the use of the laser beam, surgeons can perform operations which
A.leave their patients with negative effects
B.can treat only human eye diseases
C.do little damage to their patients
D.make their patients need a long time to recover
参考答案：C
参考解析：C【解析】事实细节题。题干的意思是“使用激光束做手术时医生可以。文中第三段提到“曾经一度让患者疲惫不堪，并且术后恢复时间漫长的手术现在让患者变得很轻松很舒服”，可以排除A和D。由文中最后一句“也许一些癌症也能够用激光来治疗”可知B选项不正确。C选项意思为“使患者受到很小的伤害”。所以正确答案为C。
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