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最新公共英语等级考试二级特训题2017
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For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.
Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck.
"This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."
It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.
Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."
Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.
A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.
Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.
Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.
Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing.
Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden.
"We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."
Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said.
"During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."
【参考译文】
尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。
虽然去年12月亚洲的海啸产生了巨大的破坏力，最近克什米尔发生了地震，伦敦和巴厘岛出现了自杀性炸弹袭击，游客却毫不在意，无论在旅游路线上的地点或其他地方是否有危险。在某些情况下，受到灾难影响的旅游地区吸引的游客人数快速反弹，甚至比灾难发生之前的数量还多。
“我们注意到旅游业最近快速回升，这种情况是有一点奇怪。” 总部设在曼谷的太平洋亚洲旅游协会战略情报中心主任约翰-考尔多斯基说道，“这使你想到那句老话，就是-只要是宣传,好坏都不赖。”
虽然整理过去12个月的灾难年度数据还为时尚早，但是旅游业专家指出，现在旅游业发展总的趋势是清楚明确的。世界旅游协会指出，今年休闲旅游预期增长约5%。
“每次一有灾难发生，旅游业现在好像反弹得更快，旅游人数比灾害前更高。”总部在伦敦得世界旅游及旅行理事会副理事长尤菲-伊布拉辛说道。比如伦敦。7月8日伦敦的自杀爆炸袭击造成56人死亡，700人受伤。尤菲说：“看起来几乎是那些躲开了炸弹袭击的人决定再来伦敦看看。”
早期数字指出，对于其他遭受灾难的地方来说也是如此。例如，太平洋亚洲旅游协会的统计表明，虽然2004年12月26日的海啸造成超过3万人死伤，但是今天3月到8月间，来到斯里兰卡的游客人数每个月都比去年同期要高。
为了说明这种趋势，旅游专业人士常常引用的一个先前的例子是巴厘岛。2002年10月，针对西方人的炸弹袭击造成202人死亡。然而在爆炸后一年，游客人数骤降至993000人，而2004年反弹至146万人。太平洋亚洲旅游协会指出，这一数字比炸弹袭击的前两年还高。
太平洋亚洲旅游协会还指出，即使是在巴厘岛炸弹袭击中伤亡最为惨重的澳大利亚人也是如此。仅在袭击后的两年内，来巴厘岛旅游的人数就反弹至自1998年以来的最高点。
自杀式炸弹袭击者今年再度袭击了巴厘岛，三所饭馆发生爆炸，造成19人死亡。
泰国在遭受了海啸袭击后，也吸引了更多的游客，而当时的海啸掀起了巨浪，造成5400人死亡，5000人失踪。
虽然泰国旅游胜地普吉岛的海啸曾造成500多瑞典人死亡，是死亡人数最多的外国人，但是“瑞典-我的旅行”组织说，更多的瑞典人回到普吉岛旅游，总数超过去年。该组织总部设在斯德哥尔摩，每年把60万游客送往海外，占有28%的瑞典旅游市场份额。
“我们深信，泰国最终重新成为旅游热点地区，但是我们没有想到，今年的反弹力度比去年还要强劲。”“瑞典-我的旅行”组织交通部主任约吉姆-埃里克森说，“本来我们以为人数会有大的下滑，所以对现在的情况感到十分吃惊。”
埃里克森说，该组织预计，与去年相同的旅游季节相比，今天去泰国和斯里兰卡的游客人数均将上升5%。他说，这种情况与20世纪90年代有了显著的变化。
“在第一次海湾战争期间，我们发现，旅游业总体上有显著的下滑，911之后也是如此。”埃里克森说，“现在，恐怖主义活动或灾害袭击给旅游业造成的影响无非是改变了旅游的目的地而已。”
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