2024全国英语等级考试三级试题阅读A训练

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2024全国英语等级考试三级试题阅读A训练

　　Section IIReading

　　( 50 minutes)

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark

　　your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

　　Text 1

　　Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at treesand bushes. After an hour s flight, one of the scientists wrote in his book, "Look here for probable metal. " Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain area, sent a message to other scientists on the ground, "Gold possible. " Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported,"This ground should be searched for metal. " From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientistsent back by radio one word: "Uranium. "

　　None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic power of looking down below theearth s surface. They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of locating minerals inthe ground... trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on whichthe trees and plants are growing.

　　This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in theearth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow in the surface.

　　At Watson Bar Greek, a brook(小溪) six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxes were filled with smallbranches from the trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was carefullymarked. In a scientific laboratory, the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested.Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.

　　Study of the roots, branches, and seeds showed no silver. But there were small amounts ofgold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds. The seeds growing nearest to thetree trunks had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches.

　　26. Scientists were flying over a desert or a hilly wasteland or .a mountain area in order tosearch forin the ground.

　　A. gold

　　B. silver

　　C. uraniumD. minerals

　　27. The study of trees, branches and roots shows that

　　A. there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the seeds

　　B. there were smaller amounts of gold in the roots than in the branches

　　C. there were less amounts of gold in the seeds growing on the ends of branches than seeds growing nearest to the tree trunks

　　D. there was more gold in the branches than in the roots

　　28. Which is the best title suggested below?

　　A. Scientists Searching for Metals with Special Power

　　B. New Methods of Searching for Minerals

　　C. Gold Could Be Found by Trees and Plants

　　D. A New Method of Searching for Minerals--Using Trees and Plants

　　29. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of a tree that can help find minerals?

　　A. Leaves.

　　B. Roots.

　　C. Branches.

　　D. Seeds.

　　30. The scientists were searching for minerals by using

　　A. X-ray

　　B. magic power

　　C. a special instrument

　　D. trained eyes

　　Text 2

　　The most frightening words in the English language are, "Our computer is down. " You hear it more and more when you are on business. The other day I was at the airport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said, "I m sorry, I can t sell you a ticket. Our computer is down. "

　　"If your computer is down, just write me out a ticket. "

　　"I can t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so. "

　　I looked down on the computer and every passenger .was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen. Then I asked her, "What do all you people do?"

　　"We give the computer the information about your trip, and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not. "

　　"So when it goes down, you go down with it. "

　　"That s good, sir. "

　　"How long will the computer be down?" I wanted to know.

　　"I have no idea. Sometimes it s down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours. There s no way we can find out without asking the computer, and since it s down it won t answer us. "

　　After the girl told me they had no backup computer, I said. "Let s forget the computer. What about your planes? They re still flying, arent they?"

　　"I couldnt tell without asking the computer. "

　　"Maybe I could just go to the gate and ask the pilot if he s flying to Washington," I suggested.

　　"I wouldnt know what gate to send you to. Even if the pilot was going to Washington, he couldnt take you if you didnt have a ticket. "

　　"Is there any other airline flying to Washington within the next few hours?"

　　"I wouldnt know," she said, pointing at the dark screen. "Only IT knows. It can t tell me. "

　　By this time there were quite a few people standing in lines. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white; some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.

　　31. The best title for the article is

　　A. When the Computer Is Down

　　B. The Most Frightening Words

　　C. The Computer of the Airport

　　D. Asking the Computer

　　32. What could the girl in the ticket office do for the passengers without asking the computer?

　　A. She could sell a ticket.

　　B. She could write out a ticket.

　　C. She could answer the passengers questions.

　　D. She could do nothing.

　　33. why do you think they had not a backup computer?

　　A. Because it was easy down.

　　B. Because it was very expensive.

　　C. Because it was not advanced enough.

　　D. Because it was not as big as the main computer.

　　34. The last paragraph suggests that

　　A. a modern computer won t be down

　　B. computers can take the place of humans

　　C. sometimes a computer may bring suffering to people

　　D. there will be great changes in computers

　　35. What did passengers do when the computer was down?

　　A. They left home and went home.

　　B. They drank coffee and stared at the black screen.

　　C. They began to talk to each other.

　　D. None above.

　　参考译文

　　坐着飞机飞过一片沙漠之地，两位科学家用训练有素的眼睛察看下面的树木和灌木丛。经过大致一小时的飞行观察后，其中一位科学家在他的本子上写下这样一句话“看这里可能有金属矿藏。”另一架飞机上的科学家们正飞过一座山区。他们给地面观察站的科学家们发了“可能有金矿”的信息。步行越过山地，四名科学家得出报告：“应该在此地寻找金属矿藏”。从飞过多山丘的荒原的飞机上，一位科学家用无线电发回一个字：“铀”。

　　没有一个科学家具有x射线那样的眼睛：他们并没有看透地球表面的魔力。他们仅仅使用了一个最新的技术来定位地下的矿藏…树木和植被长在地上，通过他们能显示出某种埋藏在地下的矿物。

　　这项最新的寻找矿藏的技术是依据这样一个事实，即处在地下的矿物会影响到地面上灌木和树木的生长。

　　沃森巴溪是加拿大英属哥伦比亚一座6，000英尺的山上的一条小溪。一队矿藏搜索小组收集了许多包树木的种子;盒子里盛满了小树枝。树根也被挖掉放进盒子里。每个包和盒子都被仔细标记了。在科学实验室内，树枝被烧成灰然后做检测。检查每个细小的部分是否含有矿藏。

　　对树根、树枝和种子的检测并没发现银元素，但却在树根部发现了部分金元素，同时在树枝和种子中也发现了较少的金元素。长在最接近树干上的种子要比长在树枝根部的种子含金元素多一些。

　　答案及解析

　　26.D【解析】语义理解题。根据文章第一段的内容提到各种金属，而这些金属元素是包含在矿(mineral)里的。故本题选择D。

　　27.c【解析】细节题。从文中最后一句“The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunks had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches.”(长在最接近树干上的种子比长在树枝根部的种子要含有更多的金元素)可知答案。故本题选择c。

　　28.D【解析】主旨题。通读全文可知文章的大部分(第二至五段)都在讲述通过植物来寻找矿藏。故本题选择D。

　　29.A【解析】细节题。从最后一段可知，通过研究roots，branches和 seeds可判定地下是否有矿产，而leaves在文章中却没有提到。故本题选择A。

　　30.D【解析】细节题。从文章第一段的第一句“two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes”(两位科学家用受过训练的眼睛观察树木和灌木)可知答案。故本题选择D。

　　Text 2

　　参考译文

　　英语中最令人恐惧的句子是：“我们的电脑宕机了。”在出差的时候，这样的消息你听到的越来越多。前几天我在机场排队买去华盛顿的票。售票窗口的女孩说：“对不起，我们现在不能卖票。我们的电脑宕机了。”“要是电脑坏了，你就给我填一张票吧。”

　　“我无法给你填票。我们只能用电脑出票。”

　　我看着那台电脑。乘客们都站在那里，喝着咖啡，盯着那已黑了的屏幕。然后我问她：“你们这些人都是干什么的?”

　　“我们把你旅途的信息输入电脑，然后它就会显示是否有合适你的航班。”

　　“所以要是电脑宕机了，你们就什么都不能干了。”

　　“是的。先生。”

　　“电脑宕机要持续多久?”我问道。

　　“我不清楚。有时十分钟，有时两个小时。要是不Pl电脑我们什么信息都不知道。既然现在它宕机了，它就不会回应我们了。”

　　从女孩那里得知没有备用电脑后，我说：“我们先别管电脑这事。你们的飞机呢?它们还在飞，是吗?”

　　“没有电脑，我就无法回答你。”

　　“或许我可以去大门那问飞行员是否要飞往华盛顿。”我暗示道。

　　“我不知道让你去哪个门找他。即使飞行员飞往华盛顿，要是没有机票.他也不会让你登机。”

　　“接下来的几个小时还有其他去华盛顿的航班吗?”

　　“我无法回答你，”她说着，顺便指指那黑了的屏幕，“只有‘它知道.而它现在无法告诉我。”

　　现在已经没多少人排队了。电脑宕机的消息迅速传到了其他旅行者那里。一些人惊得脸都白了，有一些人开始大叫，还有一些人愤怒地踢他们的行李。

　　答案及解析

　　31.A【解析】主旨题。根据文章第一句中的“0ur computer is down”(我们的电脑宕机了)及后面的文章关于机场电脑宕机后的一些对话内容可知，文章主要讲述的是机场电脑宕机后发生的一些事情，故本题选择A。

　　32.D【解析】细节题。根据文章中的对话“When it[computer]goes down.you go down with it.”(若电脑宕机了，你们也工作不了了。)可知，机场售票员什么都不能做。故本题选择D。

　　33.B【解析】主观题。没有备用电脑，最有可能是因为设备比较贵。故本题选择B。

　　34.C【解析】推断题。根据文章最后一段的描述：电脑死机，旅客们感到恐惧、忧郁、不安，故本题选择C。

　　35.B 【解析】细节题。文中第四段第一句“every passenger was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen.”(乘客们站在那儿，喝着咖啡，眼睛盯着那个黑掉了的屏幕)。故本题选择B。

　　全国英语等级考试阅读训练

　　Pepys and his wife Jane had asked some friends to dinner on Sunday, September 2nd, 1666. They were up very late on the Saturday evening, getting everything ready for the next day, and while they were busy they saw the glow(微弱的光) of a fire start in the sky. By 3 oclock on the Sunday moning, its glow had become so bright that Jane woke her husband to watch .it. Pepys slipped on his dressing-gown and went to the window to watch it. It seemed fairly far away, and after a time he went back to bed. When he got up in the morning, it looked, though the fire was dying down, as though he could still see some flames. So he set to work to tidy his room and put his things back where he wanted them.

　　While he was doing this, Jane came in to say that she had heard the fire was a bad one; hundreds of houses had been burned down in the night and the fire was still burning. Pepys went out to see for himself. He went to the Tower of London and climbed upon a high part of the build- ing so that he could see what was happening. From there, Pepys could see that it was, indeed, a bad fire and that even the houses on London Bridge were burning. The man of the Tower told him that the fire had started in a bakers shop in Pudding Lane(小巷) ; the bakers house had caught fire from the over-beated oven(烤箱)and then the flames had quickly spread to the other houses in the narrow lane. So the Great Fire of London, a fire that lasted nearly five days, destroyed most of the old city and ended, as it is said, at Pie Corner.

　　27. What is the passage about?

　　A. The Great Fire of London.

　　B. Who was the first to discover the fire.

　　C. What Pepys was doing during the fire.

　　D. The losses caused by the fire.

　　28.They were up very late because______.

　　A. it was Sunday morning

　　B. they were not very sleepy

　　C. they were preparing for the dinner

　　D. they saw the great fire start

　　29. In the sentence" Pepys slipped on his dressing-gown. "" slip on" means________.

　　A. to be wearing

　　B. to be pushing

　　C.to take off

　　D.to put on

　　30. Why did the flames spread quickly?

　　A. The oven became very hot.

　　B. The houses were close together.

　　C. The baker did nothing to stop it.

　　D. The bakers house was burning quickly.

　　Text 3

　　篇章分析

　　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了l666年在伦敦发生的一场大火。文章从一对夫妇Pepys和Jane的经历写这场大火。由于这对夫妇家离大火发生处很远，因此开始时只能看到微弱的火光。第二天早上妻子Jane告诉丈夫发生了大火，并且烧毁了很多房子.而大火还在燃烧。Pepys于是找一个高点观望，看到很多房子被烧毁。大火是由一个面包师的烤箱起火引起的0t

　　答案及解析

　　27.A

　　【题型】主旨题

　　【解析】通过对文章的分析，可知本文记叙了伦敦的大火。而B、C、D三项文中只是提到，而非文章主旨，故不能选择。

　　28.C

　　【题型】细节题

　　【解析】题干问“他们晚上待到很晚是为了_______”。由第一段第二句They were up very late on the Saturday evening，getting everything readyfor the next day…可知是为第二天的宴会做准备。

　　29.D

　　【题型】语义题

　　【解析】由下文…and went to the window to watch it.可知要去窗户那儿看火光，要穿上睡衣才行。to be wearing表示穿着的状态;to takeoff“脱下”;to be pushing“正在推”，均不符合文义。

　　30.B

　　【题型】推断题

　　【解析】题干问“大火为什么迅速蔓延?”由文章第二段倒数第二句…and then the flames had quickly spread to the other houses in the narrowlane.中的“narrow lane”可推知，这是一个狭窄的小巷，房子一定挨得很紧。

　　全国英语等级考试试题

　　Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous,’ they say, ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays…’

　　The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.

　　Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.

　　We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!

　　Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!

　　1. What is main idea of this passage?

　　A. Advertisement.

　　B. The benefits of advertisement.

　　C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.

　　D. The costs of advertisement.

　　2. The attitude of the author toward advertisers is

　　A. appreciative.

　　B. trustworthy.

　　C. critical.

　　D. dissatisfactory.

　　3. Why do the critics criticize advertisers?

　　A. Because advertisers often brag.

　　B. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.

　　C. Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.

　　D. Because customers pay more.

　　4. Which of the following is Not True?

　　A. Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.

　　B. We can buy what we want.

　　C. Good quality products don’t need to be advertised.

　　D. Advertisement makes our life colorful.

　　5. The passage is

　　A. Narration.

　　B. Description.

　　C. Criticism.

　　D. Argumentation.

　　Vocabulary

　　1.come in for ( sth. ) 是某事物的对象，吸引(某事物)，获得

　　2.flair 天资，天分

　　3.escalator 极邪恶的，极不公正的

　　4.drab 单调的，乏味的

　　5.subsist 活下去，生存下去，维持下去

　　6.hatch 孵化(指生孩子)

　　7.match 匹配，婚姻

　　8.dispatch 派遣，发送

　　9.El Dorado 极大痛苦，煎熬

　　10.agony column (报刊中关于个人疑难问题征询意见的)

　　难句译注

　　1.Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism.

　　【参考译文】广告商总是雄心勃勃(想得很大)，也许这就是为什么他们老挨批评。

　　2.Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion.

　　【参考译文】他们的批评者似乎对他们很气愤，因为他们在自我抬高/标榜上很有天分。

　　3.No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offer such deep insight into human nature.

　　【参考译文】报纸任何其他栏目都难以提供如此有趣的文章，或提供对人性的内涵如此深刻的洞察。

　　4.It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is.

　　【参考译文】这是广告中最佳的广告。

　　写作方法与文章大意

　　文章以因果、对比的手法写出有没有广告的后果及广告的真正作用。文章首先指出广告商遭批评的原因：广告商夸大和人们认为广告浪费钱财、商品价格就搞;然后作者以有无广告的后果突出其功能，没有广告，商品价更高，生活单调、乏味。有了广告，商品价低，生活丰富多彩，人们获取各种信息。

　　答案详解

　　1.C. 广告对社会的服务很有用。作者从三方面来叙述广告作用：第二段点出如果广告不为产品开辟广大的市场，我们就得付出很多钱，正是因为大量的广告费用，消费者的商品才会那么便宜。广告除销售商品外，其重要的功能在通知/告诉信息，有关家用商品的许多只是来自广告，还有新产品的介绍。第三段讲了美化环境功能。如果火车站的墙上和报上没有广告，那会怎么样。一幅悦人心目，机智的广告将改变一切。第四段讲了它为我们省钱：别忘了广告对我们口袋作出积极的贡献。报纸、电台、电视台公司没有这笔收入很难生存。我们的报纸，我们付给很少，或者说，我们能享受那么多的节目完全是因为广告商花的钱。如果要我们付报纸的全价，那我们要花多少钱!最后一段讲了各种专栏的功能。人们可以在这些栏目找工作、买卖房子、宣布婚丧嫁娶信息。这些都围着一个中心：广告对社会服务的有用性。

　　A. 广告。太笼统。

　　B. 广告之优点。文章不是讲优点，而是讲服务于社会的功能。

　　D. 广告费用。

　　2.A. 欣赏/赞赏。从上述注释也可推知是A项。最重要的，作者提出种种功能，是为了反驳第一段内提到的论点：完全是非生产企业每年吸收几百万镑，这说明这些大公司利润有多高。最重要的是消费者付的广告费等。反驳更说明了A项对。

　　B. 值得信任。

　　C. 批评。

　　D. 不满意。

　　3.A. 因为广告商常常爱吹。见难句译注1.。

　　B. 因为批评者认为广告浪费钱。

　　C. 因为广告促使消费者购买不必要的东西。

　　D. 因为消费者支付更多。

　　4. C. 优质产品不需要广告。一切产品都需要广告，新产品、老产品都需要。