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高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路解析
新课标高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路。
(附2007-2015年高考英语语法填空真题)
★无提示词的解题技巧
技巧1名词/代词/动名词前设空，首先考虑限定词。
a, an, the, my, your, his, which, whose, one’s, some, any, one, each, either, neither, another, other等
例1. I wonder __which_____ team would win, Black or Red?
技巧2 及物动词后设空，此处缺宾语或宾语从句。应考虑名词，代词或宾语从句连接词。
例1. I found ____it____ difficult to explain to him what had happened.
技巧3 分析句子关系，正确使用____连接词____
例1. Put the book back ____where_____ it was.
★有提示词的解题技巧
技巧1：首先要分析该空的句子成分, 再确定__词性和词形_。
I am eager to share my _happiness____ ( happy) with you.
技巧2：句中缺失谓语，要考虑___时态和语态________ 。
例1.The first card ___was designed________ (design) by the boy last week.
技巧3 ：若提示词是动词，在句中不做谓语，需优先考虑____非谓语动词to do, doing, done
___________________。
例1. ____To catch____ (catch) the train, the boy is running like a wild horse.
技巧4：adj. 或adv.最常考, ___词形变换和级别____最重要。
例1.You have made much ____greater____ (great) progress in English.
语篇型语法填空题备考思路大致有如下特点：
语法填空题专项训练范例
语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。
一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词，或是填写非谓语动词;
二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀);
三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词;
四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。
有提示词：考查谓语动词非谓语动词形容词副词
无提示词：考查冠词介词连词代词
2015年最新真题
(新课标一)
第二节阅读下面材料，用不多于1 个单词的正确形式填空
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I__61_________________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62______________, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63__________(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64_________________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65________________(painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66_______________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo__67_______________(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68____________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_69_________________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__________________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【答案】
61. arrived 62. before/earlier 63. its 64. that/which
65. paintings 66. by 67. is 68. conducted {C}{C}
{C}
69. regularly 70. living
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。
61. arrived 句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。
62. before/earlier 句意：几个小时前，我在香港家里。注意不可以用ago。
63. its 句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用it’s。
64. that/which 句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语.
65. paintings 句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。
66. by 句意：乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。
67. is 句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。
68. conducted句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。
69. regularly 句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词，用副词修饰。
70. living 句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。
2015年最新真题
(新课标二)
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房)61 ____________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired
by even 62 __________most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 ____________(able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ________(use)electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_65_________(slow)during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __66 _______(cool) the house during the hot day;__67_______ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _68_______ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. As __69_____________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__70_____________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
参考答案：
61.built 62 the 63. ability
64.using 介词without后接动名词use去掉字母e再加-ing。
65.slowly 用slow的副词形式slowly修饰动词give out.
66.to cool 形容词加enough后接不定式。
67.at at the same time是固定词组。
68.goes 根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。
69.natural 形容词做定语修饰名词architects。
70.how 根据句意，应用how修饰形容词thick，连接宾语{C}{C}{C}{C}
{C}{C}从句。
2014年最新真题
(新课标一)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61________ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62__________ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63__________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 __________ even a few months. It took years of work 65 __________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 __________ (clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 _____________ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are 68______________(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69______________(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 ______________ (patience).
参考答案：
was;actually;the;or;to reduce;cleaner;that/ which;amazing;changes;patient.
(2014新课标二)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 61 _____________ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 62_______________some of them looked very anxious and 63_______________ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 64_______________the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 65_____________(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 66________________ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 67______________(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stoop up and asked, “ 68________________anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear!It is 69________________(I)”. She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done. And the passengers 70 _____________(sudden)became friendly to one another.
参考答案：
being; and; disappointed; to; caught; to stop; riding; Did; me /mine; suddenly.
2014对话体(2014年新课标全国卷《考试说明》样题)
Mum: (putting on her coat) I'm going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.
Alan: Why?
Mum: I'm not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they're 3 (go).
Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early).
Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I'm sure 7 wasn't him.
Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn't me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?
Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 have put them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10 . Now, why did I put on my coat?
【答案与解析】
这是一篇对话。妈妈健忘，她接电话回来时，认为面包被人拿走了，故穿上大衣要去买面包。结果阿兰发现她把面包放进了冰箱里。妈妈在知道面包在冰箱时，竟然又忘了自己为什么要穿上大衣……。
1. happened考查动词时态。根据语境分析，该句句意：我不确定出什么事了。happen是指过去的动作，故用过去时态。
2. when考查连词。根据语境分析，该句句意为：我早就做好了些三明治，把它们放在桌子上，此时就去接电话了。when在此处为并列连词，意为“这时;此时”。while当……时，从句谓语动词多为延续性，且在句中不能修饰句子谓语动词made…and left…，故不用while引导时间状语从句。
3. gone考查分词形容词。由上文的But someone must have taken them 即可分析，后面解释的原因该是：因为面包不见了。而动词go的过去分词形式gone恰好可认为是形容词，含有“离去的;不见的;过去的”之意。故填入gone。
4. earlier 考查形容词。由上文的Oh, it must have been Dad.分析，I'm sure he was in the kitchen是在“之前”。故该填入形容词early的比较级earlier，表示“之前，早些时候”，符合语境。
5. making考查非谓语动词。由句式结构和遣词造句分析，finish后需接动名词作宾语。故填入动词make的动名词形式。
6. Anyway/Besides考查副词。句意：无论如何，他也不可能除了带上网球用品外，再带上一盘子三明治，因此我敢肯定不是他。根据语境可知anyway符合句意，而副词besides含有“此外”之意，也符合语境，但两个单词在书写时必须首字母大写。
7. it考查代词。由上文的Oh, it must have been Dad.的语境也可分析，此处该用人称代词it，即强调“心中所指”的人。
8. the考查冠词。此处为特定的表达，即特指家里的冰箱，故用定冠词the。
9. must考查情态动词。由上文的语境left them on the table也可分析，此处该是表示对过去的肯定推测，故用must have done，即表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”。此句句意：电话响的时候，我一定是把它们放在那里了。故填入情态动词must。
10. mind/memory根据语境可知，妈妈什么都不记得了，故认为自己失去了“记忆
语法填空专练
2013广东高考真题
One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 1 ( find ) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much 2 too little.”
His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money?”
“That would be a very 4 ( reason ) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.
Nick’s guests, 5 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 6 alower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”
“But such a small thing couldn’t 8 ( possible ) destroy a village.”
“In the beginning, there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10 ( think ) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
参考答案
2013广东高考真题
1. found2. nor3. why4. reasonable5. who
6. at 7. for8. possibly9. a10. thinking
2012广东高考真题
Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day,__1_____( wear ) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2____(buy) the school , and the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .
For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3___ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in __4___last row.
___5_____ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong . It might have made it a little __6____( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around ,but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary,_ 7____made her feel like a star .
“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ?” the teacher asked .The new boy shook his head.” Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher __8____ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9____ the boy would do .Then he took __10____ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool."
2012广东高考真题
1.wearing 2.had bought 3.pleased 4.the 5.Although/Though/if
6.harder 7.which 8.for 9.what 10.them
2011广东高考真题
One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment__1__(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me__2__the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man__3__(sit) at the front. He__4__(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be__5__(mental) disabled.
Behind him were other people to__6__he was trying to talk, but after some minutes__7__walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.
I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him__8__his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had__9__amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. I’m glad I made a choice. It made__10__of us feel good.
2011广东高考真题
1. later 2. until/till 3. sitting 4. was pretending 5. mentally
6. whom 7. they 8. on 9. an 10. both
2010广东高考真题
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. __1__water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder__2__had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man__3__ ( present ) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled__4__ ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home__5__a happy heart.
After the student left, the teacher let__6__student taste the water. He spit it out, __7__ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, "Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like__8__?" The teacher replied," You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be__9__ (sweet). "We understand this lesson best__10__we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
2010广东高考真题
1. The 2. who 3. presented 4. warmly 5. with
6. another 7. saying 8. it 9. sweeter 10. when
2009广东高考真题
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult __1__was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy__2__(please)as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not__3__pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or__4__(push)you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter__5__some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk, ”the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price. ”But Jane knew from past experience that her__6__ (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes__7__sale. She did not hesitate for long：although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please__8__. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already__9__table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking, ”Jane__10__ (inform).
2009广东高考真题
1. it 2. to please 3. a 4. pushed 5. where
6. choice 7. on 8. him 9. at 10. was informed
2008广东高考真题
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life.__1__these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop__2__(help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help__3__rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about__4__day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
One day, he came up with an idea__5__he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired__6__doing this for a whole day,__7__he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”__8__ (high). His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their__9__(nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often__10__(result) in the contrary to our intention.
2008广东高考真题
1. In /Behind2. to help 3. his 4. it/that 5. that
6. after7. but /yet8. higher 9. natural 10. results
2007广东高考真题
I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car__1__(break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to__2__should have the honor of receiving me__3__a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me__4__(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to__5__small town some 20 kilometers away__6__there was a garage.
I had noticed three hens running freely in my hostess's courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table.__7__villagers brought me goat's cheese and honey. We drank together and talked__8__(merry) till far into the night.
When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman__9__the trouble I had caused__10__.
2007广东高考真题
1. broke 2.who 3. as 4. settled 5.a
6. where 7. Other/Some 8. merrily 9. for 10. her
2007广东高考样题
Sports should help a man to learn fairness, not only in games but also in and for life. If two teams play__1__game, one team must lose. If a dozen teams attend an athletic competition,__2__team will get the most points and all the__3__eleven teams will get__4__points. If a school team comes out last, that is no loss of face.__5__that team and that school must do is to admit that it__6__(lose). The only intelligent reaction__7__defeat must be: next year we will do our best to come out on top, because from now on our team will devote__8__to a stricter course of training under competent instructors.
Lessons__9__(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. But even more__10__(value) are the lessons learned in extra—curricular activities in school: in speech, dramatic and musical contests, in “house” activities, and, especially, in the student council.
2007广东高考样题
1. a 2.one 3. other 4. fewer 5.What
6. is lost 7. to 8. itself 9. learned 10. valuable
样卷(1)短文体
One of my father's favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn't like something,2 it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I've come to realize how much of my success I owe to my3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career (职业).4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn't6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I'll try it;9 I don't like it I can always go back to my10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years.
2007样卷1答案：
1.sayings 2. whatever 3. acceptance 4. Actually 5.married
6. have been 7. beginning 8.different 9. if 10. earlier
样卷(2)对话体
Mum: (putting on her coat) I'm going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.
Alan: Why?
Mum: I'm not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they're 3 (go).
Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early).
Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it.6 , he couldn't carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I'm sure7 wasn't him.
Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well , it wasn't me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?
Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my10 . Now, why did I put on my coat?
2007样卷2答案：
1.happened 2.when 3.gone 4.earlier 5.making
6.Anyway 7.it 8. the 9.must have put 10.mind/memory
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