英语专八考试翻译模拟练习

2017年英语专八考试翻译模拟练习

　　英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。下面，是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专八考试翻译模拟练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!

　　增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义

　　这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。

　　如：

　　(1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何? (增译主语和谓语)

　　(2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊! (增译主句)

　　(3) Indeed， the reverse is true. 实际情况恰好相反。 (增译名词)

　　(4) Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights. 就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 (增译物主代词)

　　(5) While the magistrates were free to burn down house， the common people were forbidden to light lamps. 只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。 (增译连词)

　　(6) 这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries. (增译介词)

　　(7) 在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。 In the field of human rights， China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak. (增译暗含词语)

　　(8) 三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind. (增译注释性词语)

　　希望以上的例句能帮助大家更好地理解增译法，并应用于今后的翻译实践中。

　　追忆往事

　　中文原文：

　　老太太总以自家花园里那棵高大的玫瑰树为荣。她非常喜欢告诉别人，数年前她初次结婚时从罗马带回来的枝条，是如何长成如今这般高大的。那时，她与丈夫乘马车从罗马旅行归来(那时还没有火车)，途经锡耶那南部的崎岖路段时，马车坏了，他们被迫就宿于路边的小屋里。住宿条件当然非常差;她一夜未能安眠，一早便起身穿好衣服，立于窗前，感受着扑面而来的席席凉风，等待着黎明的到来。事隔多年，她仍然记得那情景。明月高悬在青山群峦之上，远处山峰上的小镇逐渐明亮起来，月亮慢慢消退，晨曦把群山涂得粉红。突然之间，一束阳光照亮了城镇。城里的窗户相继明亮起来，反射出耀眼的光芒。最后，整个小城宛若繁星，在天空中不停闪烁。

　　参考译文：

　　The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from Rome ( it was before the time of railways ) and on a bad piece of road south of Siena thecarriage had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun' beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars.

　　进取的幸福

　　中文原文：

　　正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于琐事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。

　　参考译文：

　　We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have.

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