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英语四级改错题考点:谓语动词

时间:2024-08-27 12:32:29 等级考试 我要投稿

英语四级改错题考点:谓语动词

  谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词,有行为动词,系动词,情态动词和助动词等几种,其中行为动词又包括及物动词和不及物动词。 谓语动词是与非谓语动词相对应的概念.两者都是动词,但是前者是作谓语成分,后者不能作谓语成分.而谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的,一般由动词或短语动词承担.

英语四级改错题考点:谓语动词

  一、 谓语动词的主谓一致

  ①、主谓分割原则

  例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle,

  A

  America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.

  B      C      D

  分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。

  ②、与后者一致原则

  not…but, 强调but后面的名词,

  not only…but also

  ③、与前者一致原则

  名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is,

  中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致

  例:The athlete, together with his coach and

  A      B  C

  several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.

  D

  分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is

  ④、就近原则

  or, either…or, neither…nor,

  单数名词+or+复数名词+are

  如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is

  所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数

  如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数

  例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are

  A      B

  amazingly complex for single-celled animals.

  C              D

  分析:A错,应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。

  ⑤定语从句主语就近原则

  There are five apples that are red.

  apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。

  例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets

  A

  carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

  B   C    D

  分析:D错,应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。

  ⑥the +形容词主谓一致

  The rich are not always happier than the poor.

  The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数

  ⑦、倒装句的主谓一致

  改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况:

  a. there be 句型

  there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式

  b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致

  例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.

  A     B      C    D

  分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,A错,there are 改为there is

  例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific

  A     B

  Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30

  C

  miles in width.

  D

  分析:倒装句,are改为is

  例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and

  A    B       C

  Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film

  D

  presented on the five-story-tall screen.

  分析:D错,应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。

  ⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致

  fifty percent of + 名词

  one percent of + 名词

  谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如:

  one percent of my students + are

  fifty percent of my time is spent on working.

  这里要强调两个结构

  half of =fifty percent

  most of + 可数名词 + are

  most of + 不可数名词+ is

  例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been

  A       B         C

  found in central and eastern Canada.

  D

  分析:C错,应改为have been。介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作主语的中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式。

  例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized

  A   B

  in the United States are for foods and beverages.

  C     D

  分析:A错,应改为packages。从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复数名词。注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种类的饮料,故(C)、(D)均没有错

  二、谓语动词的时态

  ①、主要考察时间状语

  例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.

  A        B  C     D

  分析:Metal, aluminum同位语,in the nineteenth century为明显表示过去时间的状语, 因此应该用过去时态,把has been改为was

  ②、For和since的区别

  区别一:For 后面使用时间段,since 后面使用时间点

  区别二:Since 只能用在现在完成时态,For 最主要用在现在完成时和一般过去时

  I has been a teacher for three years.

  I has been a teacher since 1996.

  I was a teacher for three years. 这种表达可以,for three years表示一段时间,was 表示过去做了三年,现在不是老师了

  例: Since 1921 the budget of the United States became

  A      B

  the primary responsibility of the president.

  C    D

  分析:A错,应改 In. since一般要求主句用完成时态,而句中谓语动词为过去式,其时间状语应与之呼应,故改Since为In。

  例:Adella Prentiss Hrghes served as manager of

  A  B  C

  the Cleveland Orchestra since fifteen years.

  D

  分析:D错,应改为for。since引导时间状语时,主句谓语动词为一般完成时;主句谓语动词为一般过去时要用介词for;而且一段时间用for, 而不是since。

  52. In general, prawns lived in shallow coastal waters or in streams.

  A       B        C     D

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